CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8530 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9MQR-HR5G-5P48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 15:32Inappropriate implementation in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:17:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Safe Browsing in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-9mqr-hr5g-5p48",
"modified": "2026-06-05T15:32:19Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/495840862"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9MWW-8JQF-F4JV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 06:41 – Updated: 2022-05-01 06:41Multiple PHP remote file include vulnerabilities in RunCMS 1.2 and earlier, with register_globals and allow_url_fopen enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the bbPath[path] parameter in (1) class.forumposts.php and (2) forumpollrenderer.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-0659"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-02-13T11:06:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file include vulnerabilities in RunCMS 1.2 and earlier, with register_globals and allow_url_fopen enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the bbPath[path] parameter in (1) class.forumposts.php and (2) forumpollrenderer.php.",
"id": "GHSA-9mww-8jqf-f4jv",
"modified": "2022-05-01T06:41:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T06:41:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-0659"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://retrogod.altervista.org/runcms_13a_xpl.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/18800"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/424708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/16578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/0503"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9MXJ-V3X9-FJFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 09:30 – Updated: 2024-05-17 09:30Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in MainWP MainWP Code Snippets Extension allows Code Injection.This issue affects MainWP Code Snippets Extension: from n/a through 4.0.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23645"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T07:15:48Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in MainWP MainWP Code Snippets Extension allows Code Injection.This issue affects MainWP Code Snippets Extension: from n/a through 4.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-9mxj-v3x9-fjfr",
"modified": "2024-05-17T09:30:59Z",
"published": "2024-05-17T09:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/mainwp-code-snippets-extension/wordpress-mainwp-code-snippets-extension-plugin-4-0-2-subscriber-arbitrary-php-code-injection-execution-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9P2R-6H2J-22XF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:22 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:22PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include.php in PHPCentral Login 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the _SERVER[DOCUMENT_ROOT] parameter. NOTE: a third party disputes this vulnerability because of the special nature of the SERVER superglobal array.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-4342"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-08-14T18:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include.php in PHPCentral Login 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the _SERVER[DOCUMENT_ROOT] parameter. NOTE: a third party disputes this vulnerability because of the special nature of the SERVER superglobal array.",
"id": "GHSA-9p2r-6h2j-22xf",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:22:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:22:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-4342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/35980"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/38880"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/3005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/476274/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/476437/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/476608/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9P4W-FQ8M-2HP7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-02 20:17 – Updated: 2026-02-03 16:13Summary
SandboxJS does not properly restrict __lookupGetter__ which can be used to obtain prototypes, which can be used for escaping the sandbox / remote code execution.
Details
https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/blob/f212a38fb5a6d4bc2bc2e2466c0c011ce8d41072/src/executor.ts#L368-L398
The Object prototype which contains __lookupGetter__ is properly protected, but the special case for accessing function properties bypasses the prototype chain checks including the root Object prototype.
PoC
const s = require("@nyariv/sandboxjs").default;
const sb = new s();
payload = `
let getProto = Object.toString.__lookupGetter__("__proto__")
let m = getProto.call(new Map());
m.has = isFinite;
console.log(
isFinite.constructor(
"return process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execSync('ls -lah').toString()",
)(),
);`
sb.compile(payload)().run();
Impact
Prototype Pollution -> RCE
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.8.26"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@nyariv/sandboxjs"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.8.27"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-02T20:17:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-02T23:16:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nSandboxJS does not properly restrict `__lookupGetter__` which can be used to obtain prototypes, which can be used for escaping the sandbox / remote code execution.\n\n### Details\n\nhttps://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/blob/f212a38fb5a6d4bc2bc2e2466c0c011ce8d41072/src/executor.ts#L368-L398\n\nThe Object prototype which contains `__lookupGetter__` is properly protected, but the special case for accessing function properties bypasses the prototype chain checks including the root Object prototype.\n\n### PoC\n```js\nconst s = require(\"@nyariv/sandboxjs\").default;\nconst sb = new s();\n\npayload = `\nlet getProto = Object.toString.__lookupGetter__(\"__proto__\")\nlet m = getProto.call(new Map());\nm.has = isFinite;\n\nconsole.log(\n isFinite.constructor(\n \"return process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027ls -lah\u0027).toString()\",\n )(),\n);`\nsb.compile(payload)().run();\n```\n\n### Impact\nPrototype Pollution -\u003e RCE",
"id": "GHSA-9p4w-fq8m-2hp7",
"modified": "2026-02-03T16:13:28Z",
"published": "2026-02-02T20:17:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/security/advisories/GHSA-9p4w-fq8m-2hp7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/commit/75c8009db32e6829b0ad92ca13bf458178442bd3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nyariv/SandboxJS/blob/f212a38fb5a6d4bc2bc2e2466c0c011ce8d41072/src/executor.ts#L368-L398"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "SandboxJS Vulnerable to Prototype Pollution -\u003e Sandbox Escape -\u003e RCE"
}
GHSA-9P5V-PRQ2-FHFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-11 18:30An issue was discovered in Foxit PDF and Editor for Windows and macOS before 13.2 and 2025 before 2025.2. They allow potential arbitrary code execution when processing crafted PDF files. The vulnerability stems from insufficient handling of memory allocation failures after assigning an extremely large value to a form field's charLimit property via JavaScript. This can result in memory corruption and may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code by persuading a user to open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-11T16:16:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Foxit PDF and Editor for Windows and macOS before 13.2 and 2025 before 2025.2. They allow potential arbitrary code execution when processing crafted PDF files. The vulnerability stems from insufficient handling of memory allocation failures after assigning an extremely large value to a form field\u0027s charLimit property via JavaScript. This can result in memory corruption and may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code by persuading a user to open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-9p5v-prq2-fhfw",
"modified": "2025-12-11T18:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-12-11T18:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9P6P-8V9R-8C9M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-04 15:13 – Updated: 2024-06-04 15:13javascript-deobfuscator removes common JavaScript obfuscation techniques. Crafted payloads targeting expression simplification can lead to code execution. This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "js-deobfuscator"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36120"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-04T15:13:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-31T17:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "javascript-deobfuscator removes common JavaScript obfuscation techniques. Crafted payloads targeting expression simplification can lead to code execution. This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.\n",
"id": "GHSA-9p6p-8v9r-8c9m",
"modified": "2024-06-04T15:13:54Z",
"published": "2024-06-04T15:13:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ben-sb/javascript-deobfuscator/security/advisories/GHSA-9p6p-8v9r-8c9m"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36120"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ben-sb/javascript-deobfuscator/commit/630d3caec83d5f31c5f7a07e6fadf613d06699d6"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ben-sb/javascript-deobfuscator"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "javascript-deobfuscator crafted payload can lead to code execution"
}
GHSA-9PC2-X9QF-7J2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-12 20:35 – Updated: 2023-04-16 07:16Impact
Any user with view rights on commonly accessible documents including the legacy notification activity macro can execute arbitrary Groovy, Python or Velocity code in XWiki leading to full access to the XWiki installation. The root cause is improper escaping of the macro parameters of the legacy notification activity macro. This macro is installed by default in XWiki.
A proof of concept exploit is
{{activity wikis="~" /~}~} {{async async=~"true~" cached=~"false~" context=~"doc.reference~"~}~}{{groovy~}~}println(~"Hello from Groovy!~"){{/groovy~}~}"/}}
If the output of this macro is
The [notifications] macro is a standalone macro and it cannot be used inline. Click on this message for details.
Hello from Groovy!" displayMinorEvents="false" displayRSSLink="false" /}}
or similar, the XWiki installation is vulnerable. The vulnerability can be exploited via every wiki page that is editable including the user's profile, but also with just view rights using the HTMLConverter that is part of the CKEditor integration which is bundled with XWiki.
Patches
The vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 13.10.11, 14.4.7 and 14.10.
Workarounds
The issue can be fixed by replacing the code of the legacy notification activity macro by the patched version. Alternatively, if the macro isn't used, the document XWiki.Notifications.Code.Legacy.ActivityMacro can also be completely deleted.
References
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/94392490884635c028199275db059a4f471e57bc
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20258
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in Jira XWiki.org * Email us at Security Mailing List
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-legacy-notification-activitymacro"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "10.9"
},
{
"fixed": "13.10.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-legacy-notification-activitymacro"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "14.0-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "14.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-legacy-notification-activitymacro"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "14.5"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94",
"CWE-95"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-04-12T20:35:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-15T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nAny user with view rights on commonly accessible documents including the legacy notification activity macro can execute arbitrary Groovy, Python or Velocity code in XWiki leading to full access to the XWiki installation. The root cause is improper escaping of the macro parameters of the [legacy notification activity macro](https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/Legacy%20Notification%20Activity%20Macro/). This macro is installed by default in XWiki.\n\nA proof of concept exploit is\n\n```\n{{activity wikis=\"~\" /~}~} {{async async=~\"true~\" cached=~\"false~\" context=~\"doc.reference~\"~}~}{{groovy~}~}println(~\"Hello from Groovy!~\"){{/groovy~}~}\"/}}\n```\n\nIf the output of this macro is\n```\nThe [notifications] macro is a standalone macro and it cannot be used inline. Click on this message for details.\nHello from Groovy!\" displayMinorEvents=\"false\" displayRSSLink=\"false\" /}}\n```\nor similar, the XWiki installation is vulnerable. The vulnerability can be exploited via every wiki page that is editable including the user\u0027s profile, but also with just view rights using the HTMLConverter that is part of the [CKEditor integration](https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/CKEditor%20Integration/) which is bundled with XWiki.\n\n### Patches\nThe vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 13.10.11, 14.4.7 and 14.10.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe issue can be fixed by replacing the code of the legacy notification activity macro by the [patched version](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/94392490884635c028199275db059a4f471e57bc). Alternatively, if the macro isn\u0027t used, the document `XWiki.Notifications.Code.Legacy.ActivityMacro` can also be completely deleted.\n\n### References\n* https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/94392490884635c028199275db059a4f471e57bc\n* https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20258\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Jira XWiki.org](https://jira.xwiki.org/)\n* Email us at [Security Mailing List](mailto:security@xwiki.org)\n",
"id": "GHSA-9pc2-x9qf-7j2q",
"modified": "2023-04-16T07:16:33Z",
"published": "2023-04-12T20:35:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-9pc2-x9qf-7j2q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/94392490884635c028199275db059a4f471e57bc"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20258"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-legacy-notification-activitymacro Eval Injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-9PCJ-M5RR-P28G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-31 23:24textract through 2.5.0 is vulnerable to OS Command Injection via the file path parameter in multiple extractors. When processing files with malicious filenames, the filePath is passed directly to child_process.exec() in lib/extractors/doc.js, rtf.js, dxf.js, images.js, and lib/util.js with inadequate sanitization
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "textract"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26831"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-78",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-31T23:24:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T16:16:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "textract through 2.5.0 is vulnerable to OS Command Injection via the file path parameter in multiple extractors. When processing files with malicious filenames, the filePath is passed directly to child_process.exec() in lib/extractors/doc.js, rtf.js, dxf.js, images.js, and lib/util.js with inadequate sanitization",
"id": "GHSA-9pcj-m5rr-p28g",
"modified": "2026-03-31T23:24:42Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T18:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26831"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/dbashford/textract"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dbashford/textract/blob/master/lib/extractors/doc.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dbashford/textract/blob/master/lib/extractors/rtf.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dbashford/textract/blob/master/lib/util.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zebbernCVE/CVE-2026-26831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/textract"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "textract is vulnerable to OS Command Injection"
}
GHSA-9PF8-2C72-2GWH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-05 02:48Quartz.dll in DirectShow in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, Vista SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted media content in (1) a media file, (2) a media stream, or (3) a Microsoft Office document, aka "Media Decompression Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-0077"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-02-13T12:04:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Quartz.dll in DirectShow in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, Vista SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted media content in (1) a media file, (2) a media stream, or (3) a Microsoft Office document, aka \"Media Decompression Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-9pf8-2c72-2gwh",
"modified": "2022-05-05T02:48:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T02:48:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2013/ms13-011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A15873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA13-043B.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.