CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8427 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GRVF-XRW5-JXHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-21 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-21 18:30OpenPLC v3 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers with valid credentials to inject malicious code through the hardware configuration interface. Attackers can upload a custom hardware layer with embedded reverse shell code that establishes a network connection to a specified IP and port, enabling remote command execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-21T18:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenPLC v3 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers with valid credentials to inject malicious code through the hardware configuration interface. Attackers can upload a custom hardware layer with embedded reverse shell code that establishes a network connection to a specified IP and port, enabling remote command execution.",
"id": "GHSA-grvf-xrw5-jxhc",
"modified": "2026-01-21T18:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-01-21T18:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/thiagoralves/OpenPLC_v3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openplcproject.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openplc-remote-code-execution"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GRVQ-VJQR-X8VM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-28 15:30 – Updated: 2023-08-03 19:38webmagic-extension v0.9.0 and below was discovered to contain a code injection vulnerability via the component us.codecraft.webmagic.downloader.PhantomJSDownloader.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "us.codecraft:webmagic-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.9.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39015"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-28T20:54:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-28T15:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "webmagic-extension v0.9.0 and below was discovered to contain a code injection vulnerability via the component us.codecraft.webmagic.downloader.PhantomJSDownloader.",
"id": "GHSA-grvq-vjqr-x8vm",
"modified": "2023-08-03T19:38:43Z",
"published": "2023-07-28T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/code4craft/webmagic/issues/1122"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/code4craft/webmagic"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Code injection in webmagic-core"
}
GHSA-GRWC-QR6V-MGMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-10 15:31 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31nukeviet v.4.5 and before and nukeviet-egov v.1.2.02 and before are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the /admin/extensions/upload.php component.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36531"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-10T15:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "nukeviet v.4.5 and before and nukeviet-egov v.1.2.02 and before are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the /admin/extensions/upload.php component.",
"id": "GHSA-grwc-qr6v-mgmv",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:47Z",
"published": "2024-06-10T15:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mat4mee.notion.site/Module-upload-in-nukeViet-leads-to-RCE-01ff3ff4c80d402d8c7c8a2b15a24c33"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GRXJ-G635-2WCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-27 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-09 00:30The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, tvOS 16.3, Safari 16.3, watchOS 9.3, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-27T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, tvOS 16.3, Safari 16.3, watchOS 9.3, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-grxj-g635-2wcv",
"modified": "2023-03-09T00:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-02-27T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213601"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213638"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV3J-FJGF-469V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-16 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-27 06:30python jsonpickle 2.0.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary Python commands by deserializing malicious JSON payloads containing py/repr objects. Attackers can craft JSON strings with py/repr directives that invoke the eval function during deserialization to execute system commands and arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47952"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-16T16:16:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "python jsonpickle 2.0.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary Python commands by deserializing malicious JSON payloads containing py/repr objects. Attackers can craft JSON strings with py/repr directives that invoke the eval function during deserialization to execute system commands and arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-gv3j-fjgf-469v",
"modified": "2026-06-27T06:30:24Z",
"published": "2026-05-16T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47952"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-47952"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2478170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jsonpickle/jsonpickle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jsonpickle.github.io"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2021/cve-2021-47952.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jsonpickle-remote-code-execution-via-py-repr"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV4G-R4WW-FM48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:32 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:32PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in visualizza.php in Way Of The Warrior (WOTW) 5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the plancia parameter to crea.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-6223"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-02-20T23:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in visualizza.php in Way Of The Warrior (WOTW) 5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the plancia parameter to crea.php.",
"id": "GHSA-gv4g-r4ww-fm48",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:32:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:32:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6223"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46341"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/6992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32515"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32115"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GV64-VFGP-CGH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-20 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-20 18:31A weakness has been identified in Pagekit CMS up to 1.0.18. This issue affects the function evaluate of the file app/modules/view/src/PhpEngine.php of the component StringStorage Template Handler. This manipulation causes improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6652"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-20T16:16:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A weakness has been identified in Pagekit CMS up to 1.0.18. This issue affects the function evaluate of the file app/modules/view/src/PhpEngine.php of the component StringStorage Template Handler. This manipulation causes improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-gv64-vfgp-cgh5",
"modified": "2026-04-20T18:31:49Z",
"published": "2026-04-20T18:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@pkhuyar/the-danger-of-php-eval-a23410187ca2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/794186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/358286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/358286/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV73-3V96-PQ6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:59 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:59HP Service Manager 7.02, 7.11, 9.20, and 9.21 and Service Center 6.2.8 allow remote authenticated users to conduct unspecified script injection attacks via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-1863"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2011-06-14T17:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HP Service Manager 7.02, 7.11, 9.20, and 9.21 and Service Center 6.2.8 allow remote authenticated users to conduct unspecified script injection attacks via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-gv73-3v96-pq6f",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:59:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:59:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-1863"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/67914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=130755929821099\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/44836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/8273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/48168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1025611"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GV7G-JM28-CR3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 22:10 – Updated: 2026-07-22 22:10Impact
An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions using arrow functions to bypass the expression sandbox, triggering unintended system command execution on the host running n8n.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.31.5 and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only. - Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.32.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.32.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.31.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-22T22:10:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Impact\n\nAn authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions using arrow functions to bypass the expression sandbox, triggering unintended system command execution on the host running n8n.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.31.5 and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.\n- Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
"id": "GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m",
"modified": "2026-07-22T22:10:15Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T22:10:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/f69dfc6dd2178a14ea1624d2e1d403c2e755042f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "n8n: Expression sandbox escape via arrow-function bodies enabling command execution"
}
GHSA-GV9R-9RWG-8W3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 06:30 – Updated: 2024-12-12 06:30The The Grid Plus – Unlimited grid layout plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via grid_plus_load_by_category AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.5. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10910"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T05:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The The Grid Plus \u2013 Unlimited grid layout plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via grid_plus_load_by_category AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.5. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.",
"id": "GHSA-gv9r-9rwg-8w3p",
"modified": "2024-12-12T06:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-12-12T06:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/grid-plus/tags/1.3.5/core/ajax_fe.php#L19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/grid-plus/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/266032a8-a139-4a14-8eda-8be7a66357df?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.