Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-120

Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')

The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.

CVE-2024-0213 (GCVE-0-2024-0213)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-09 13:01 – Updated: 2025-06-17 14:55
VLAI
Summary
A buffer overflow vulnerability in TA for Linux and TA for MacOS prior to 5.8.1 allows a local user to gain elevated permissions, or cause a Denial of Service (DoS), through exploiting a memory corruption issue in the TA service, which runs as root. This may also result in the disabling of event reporting to ePO, caused by failure to validate input from the file correctly.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Trellix Trellix Agent (TA) Affected: Prior to 5.8.1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Lockheed Martin Red Team
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-0816 (GCVE-0-2024-0816)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-21 01:29 – Updated: 2024-08-01 18:18
VLAI
Summary
The buffer overflow vulnerability in the DX3300-T1 firmware version V5.50(ABVY.4)C0 could allow an authenticated local attacker to cause denial of service (DoS) conditions by executing the CLI command with crafted strings on an affected device.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zyxel DX3300-T1 firmware Affected: V5.50(ABVY.4)C0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-10371 (GCVE-0-2024-10371)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-25 01:31 – Updated: 2024-10-25 18:06
VLAI
Title
SourceCodester Payroll Management System main login buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Payroll Management System 1.0. This affects the function login of the file main. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.281763 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.281763 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.430175 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CveSecLook/cve/issues/63 exploitissue-tracking
https://www.sourcecodester.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SourceCodester Payroll Management System Affected: 1.0
Create a notification for this product.
sourcecodester payroll_management_system Affected: 1.0
    cpe:2.3:a:sourcecodester:payroll_management_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
shikang (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-10559 (GCVE-0-2024-10559)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-31 02:00 – Updated: 2025-04-03 10:54
VLAI
Title
SourceCodester Airport Booking Management System details buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Airport Booking Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function Details. The manipulation of the argument passport/name leads to buffer overflow. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.282560 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.282560 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.433262 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CveSecLook/cve/issues/64 exploitissue-tracking
https://www.sourcecodester.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SourceCodester Airport Booking Management System Affected: 1.0
Create a notification for this product.
sourcecodester airport_booking_management_system Affected: 1.0
    cpe:2.3:a:sourcecodester:airport_booking_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
YANG HUA (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-10964 (GCVE-0-2024-10964)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-07 17:00 – Updated: 2024-11-08 16:54
VLAI
Title
emqx neuron plugin_handle.c handle_add_plugin buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in emqx neuron up to 2.10.0. Affected is the function handle_add_plugin in the library cmd.library of the file plugins/restful/plugin_handle.c. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
emqx neuron Affected: 2.0
Affected: 2.1
Affected: 2.2
Affected: 2.3
Affected: 2.4
Affected: 2.5
Affected: 2.6
Affected: 2.7
Affected: 2.8
Affected: 2.9
Affected: 2.10
Create a notification for this product.
emqx neuron Affected: 2.0 , ≤ 2.10 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:emqx:neuron:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
susu199 (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-11959 (GCVE-0-2024-11959)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-28 14:31 – Updated: 2024-11-29 17:13 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DIR-605L formResetStatistic buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-605L 2.13B01. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function formResetStatistic of the file /goform/formResetStatistic. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DIR-605L Affected: 2.13B01
Create a notification for this product.
d-link dir-605l Affected: 2.13B01
    cpe:2.3:h:d-link:dir-605l:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
offshore0315 (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-11960 (GCVE-0-2024-11960)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-28 14:31 – Updated: 2024-11-29 15:22 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DIR-605L formSetPortTr buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-605L 2.13B01. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSetPortTr of the file /goform/formSetPortTr. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DIR-605L Affected: 2.13B01
Create a notification for this product.
d-link dir-605l Affected: 2.13B01
    cpe:2.3:h:d-link:dir-605l:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
offshore0315 (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-12147 (GCVE-0-2024-12147)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-04 17:31 – Updated: 2025-01-14 14:06 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
Netgear R6900 HTTP Header upgrade_check.cgi buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Netgear R6900 1.0.1.26_1.0.20. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file upgrade_check.cgi of the component HTTP Header Handler. The manipulation of the argument Content-Length leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Netgear R6900 Affected: 1.0.1.26_1.0.20
Create a notification for this product.
netgear r6900_firmware Affected: 1.0.1.26_1.0.20
    cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6900_firmware:1.0.1.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
upload (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-12194 (GCVE-0-2024-12194)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-17 15:20 – Updated: 2025-08-26 16:55
VLAI
Title
DWFX File Parsing Vulnerabilities in Autodesk Navisworks Desktop Software
Summary
A maliciously crafted DWFX file, when parsed through Autodesk Navisworks, can force a Memory Corruption vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Autodesk Navisworks Freedom Affected: 2025 , < 2025.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:navisworks_freedom:2025:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Autodesk Navisworks Simulate Affected: 2025 , < 2025.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:navisworks_simulate:2025:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Autodesk Navisworks Manage Affected: 2025 , < 2025.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:navisworks_manage:2025:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-12343 (GCVE-0-2024-12343)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-08 09:31 – Updated: 2024-12-09 15:50
VLAI
Title
TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) SOAP Request WANIPConnection buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) TT_V6.2.1021. Affected is an unknown function of the file /control/WANIPConnection of the component SOAP Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument NewConnectionType leads to buffer overflow. The attack needs to be done within the local network. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.287262 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.287262 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.446212 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/Zephkek/TP-WANPunch/blob/main/… exploit
https://www.tp-link.com/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) Affected: TT_V6.2.1021
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Mohamed Maatallah (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

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            "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-120",
              "description": "Buffer Overflow",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-119",
              "description": "Memory Corruption",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-12-08T09:31:05.401Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-287262 | TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) SOAP Request WANIPConnection buffer overflow",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.287262"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-287262 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.287262"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #446212 | TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) ISP Routers Hardware Version: 1.0 /  Firmware Version: TT_V6.2.1021  Memory Corruption \u0026 DOS",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.446212"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Zephkek/TP-WANPunch/blob/main/README.md"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2024-12-07T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2024-12-07T01:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2024-12-07T17:36:40.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) SOAP Request WANIPConnection buffer overflow"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-12343",
    "datePublished": "2024-12-08T09:31:05.401Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-07T16:30:19.395Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-12-09T15:50:37.719Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation ID: MIT-3

Phase: Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-9

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation

Phases: Build and Compilation, Operation

Description:

  • Most mitigating technologies at the compiler or OS level to date address only a subset of buffer overflow problems and rarely provide complete protection against even that subset. It is good practice to implement strategies to increase the workload of an attacker, such as leaving the attacker to guess an unknown value that changes every program execution.
Mitigation ID: MIT-13

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables

This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.

CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow

This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.

CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow

In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).

CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion

An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.

CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File

An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.

CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links

This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.

CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags

This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.

CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion

In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.

CAPEC-67: String Format Overflow in syslog()

This attack targets applications and software that uses the syslog() function insecurely. If an application does not explicitely use a format string parameter in a call to syslog(), user input can be placed in the format string parameter leading to a format string injection attack. Adversaries can then inject malicious format string commands into the function call leading to a buffer overflow. There are many reported software vulnerabilities with the root cause being a misuse of the syslog() function.

CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call

This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.

CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.

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