Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11812 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-77237 (GCVE-0-2026-77237)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 17:52 – Updated: 2026-08-21 20:15
VLAI
Title
Missing type validation in xQueueAddToSet in FreeRTOS-Kernel
Summary
Missing queue-set type validation in xQueueAddToSet() in the FreeRTOS-Kernel before 11.3.1 might allow an unprivileged task on MPU-enabled ports with configUSE_QUEUE_SETS=1 to read privileged kernel memory. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 11.3.1 or later.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-843 - Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion')
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds read
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRTOS FreeRTOS-Kernel Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 11.3.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:freertos:freertos-kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
NVIDIA
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-77219 (GCVE-0-2026-77219)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 20:20 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:42 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
GNU Emacs < 31.0.91 Heap Over-Read via PBM/PPM/PGM Image Loader
Summary
GNU Emacs before 31.0.91 contains an integer overflow in the PBM/PPM/PGM image loader that allows an attacker to leak heap memory contents by supplying a crafted image with large dimensions and an elevated max color index. The image loader multiplies image dimensions and channel count using signed integer arithmetic; for sufficiently large values, the result wraps to a negative number, bypassing the bounds check and causing the pixel reader to access heap memory past the end of the allocated buffer. The over-read contents are interpreted as pixel color values and rendered on screen.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 21:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GNU Emacs Affected: 0 , < 31.0.91 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-01 00:00
Credits
Tristan Madani
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76989 (GCVE-0-2026-76989)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 13:00 – Updated: 2026-08-20 13:00 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
liftoff-sr CIPster TCP Encapsulation Receive Path encap.cc out-of-bounds
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in liftoff-sr CIPster 1802525be27d33e19a9a83c163e331a1d13b1892. This impacts an unknown function of the file source/src/enet_encap/encap.cc of the component TCP Encapsulation Receive Path. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The identifier of the patch is e8e9dba09bf56962807d3504b783ccdb6287f3e4. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
liftoff-sr CIPster Affected: 1802525be27d33e19a9a83c163e331a1d13b1892
    cpe:2.3:a:liftoff-sr:cipster:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Carnegie (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76988 (GCVE-0-2026-76988)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 12:45 – Updated: 2026-08-20 16:55 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
liftoff-sr CIPster ForwardOpen cipconnectionmanager.cc forward_open out-of-bounds
Summary
A weakness has been identified in liftoff-sr CIPster 1802525be27d33e19a9a83c163e331a1d13b1892. This affects the function CipConnMgrClass::forward_open of the file cipconnectionmanager.cc of the component ForwardOpen Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument product_code_ can lead to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This patch is called ea870a274bf68dfaa3f511f20e2fff6778fb7b74. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 16:47 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
liftoff-sr CIPster Affected: 1802525be27d33e19a9a83c163e331a1d13b1892
    cpe:2.3:a:liftoff-sr:cipster:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Carnegie (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76929 (GCVE-0-2026-76929)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 23:00 – Updated: 2026-08-20 16:27
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in Wireshark
Summary
Pcapng file parser crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 16:03 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wireshark Foundation Wireshark Affected: 4.6.0 , < 4.6.8 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.18 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Aisle Research (Dmitrijs Trizna, Luigino Camastra, Ze Sheng (O2Lab & TAMU), Igor Morgenstern)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76924 (GCVE-0-2026-76924)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 22:45 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:26
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in Wireshark
Summary
Kerberos protocol dissector crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:06 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wireshark Foundation Wireshark Affected: 4.6.0 , < 4.6.8 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.18 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Aisle Research (Dmitrijs Trizna, Luigino Camastra, Ze Sheng (O2Lab & TAMU), Igor Morgenstern)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76923 (GCVE-0-2026-76923)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 22:45 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:26
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in Wireshark
Summary
Bluetooth HFP Profile protocol dissector crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:07 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wireshark Foundation Wireshark Affected: 4.6.0 , < 4.6.8 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.18 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Aisle Research (Dmitrijs Trizna, Luigino Camastra, Ze Sheng (O2Lab & TAMU), Igor Morgenstern)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76882 (GCVE-0-2026-76882)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 22:35 – Updated: 2026-08-20 14:14
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in Wireshark
Summary
Bluetooth Attribute Protocol dissector crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 14:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wireshark Foundation Wireshark Affected: 4.6.0 , < 4.6.8 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.18 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Yazan Balawneh - CyStack Security Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-76641 (GCVE-0-2026-76641)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 17:31 – Updated: 2026-08-21 11:21 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Expat Out-of-Bounds Read via dtdCopy
Summary
Expat through 2.8.3 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that allows attackers to trigger memory corruption by processing XML with external entity parsers created via XML_ExternalEntityParserCreate. A struct size mismatch between ELEMENT_TYPE members causes storeAtts to read the attIndex member past allocated memory boundaries, resulting in failure to normalize whitespace in non-CDATA attributes or a wild pointer dereference causing a segfault. This vulnerability was introduced by the fix for CVE-2026-66046.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 18:48 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
libexpat libexpat Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.8.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Credits
ZeyouLiu (@liuzeyouzeyou) ZeyouLiu (@liuzeyouzeyou)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-75904 (GCVE-0-2026-75904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 15:21 – Updated: 2026-08-18 15:36
VLAI
Title
libmodplug <= 0.8.9.1 - Out-of-Bounds Read in pat_smplooped via Crafted MIDI File
Summary
libmodplug through 0.8.9.1 contains an out-of-bounds read in pat_smplooped in src/load_pat.cpp. The function validates only the upper bound of its sample index against MAXSMP and then subtracts one before indexing the 191-byte static array pat_loops, so an index of zero reads pat_loops[-1], one byte before the array. The index is the smpno field of a parsed MIDI event, which is initialised to zero and only later overwritten from a program-change parameter, so an event reaching the note test before an instrument is assigned carries zero. A 32-byte MIDI file supplied to the library's public ModPlug_Load entry point drives the path through CSoundFile::Create, CSoundFile::ReadMID, and MID_ReadPatterns to the read. The byte read out of bounds determines whether a note event is treated as looping, so adjacent static storage influences playback state.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 15:35 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Konstanty Bialkowski libmodplug Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.8.9.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:konstanty_bialkowski:libmodplug:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-14 00:00
Credits
Përparim Mjeku (perparimmjeku)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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