CWE-131
Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
The product does not correctly calculate the size to be used when allocating a buffer, which could lead to a buffer overflow.
CVE-2025-43965 (GCVE-0-2025-43965)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-23 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-26 23:03
VLAI
Summary
In MIFF image processing in ImageMagick before 7.1.1-44, image depth is mishandled after SetQuantumFormat is used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.1-44
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-46393 (GCVE-0-2025-46393)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-23 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-23 15:17
VLAI
Summary
In multispectral MIFF image processing in ImageMagick before 7.1.1-44, packet_size is mishandled (related to the rendering of all channels in an arbitrary order).
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.1-44
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-46688 (GCVE-0-2025-46688)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-27 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-28 16:19
VLAI
Summary
quickjs-ng through 0.9.0 has an incorrect size calculation in JS_ReadBigInt for a BigInt, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. QuickJS before 2025-04-26 is also affected.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QuickJS Project | QuickJS |
Affected:
0 , < 2025-04-26
(custom)
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CVE-2025-46723 (GCVE-0-2025-46723)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-02 22:18 – Updated: 2025-05-06 14:37
VLAI
Title
OpenVM byte decomposition of pc in AUIPC chip can overflow
Summary
OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. In version 1.0.0, OpenVM is vulnerable to overflow through byte decomposition of pc in AUIPC chip. A typo results in the highest limb of pc being range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits. This results in the if statement never being triggered because the enumeration gives i=0,1,2, when instead the enumeration should give i=1,2,3, leaving pc_limbs[3] range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits. This leads to a vulnerability where the pc_limbs decomposition differs from the true pc, which means a malicious prover can make the destination register take a different value than the AUIPC instruction dictates, by making the decomposition overflow the BabyBear field. This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/commit/68da4… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://cantina.xyz/code/c486d600-bed0-4fc6-aed1-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/0f94c8a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| openvm-org | openvm |
Affected:
= 1.0.0
|
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CVE-2025-52955 (GCVE-0-2025-52955)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 14:42 – Updated: 2025-08-20 18:32
VLAI
Title
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: When jflow/sflow is configured continuous logical interface flaps causes rpd crash and restart
Summary
An Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an adjacent unauthenticated attacker to cause a memory corruption that leads to a rpd crash.
When
the logical interface using a routing instance flaps continuously, specific updates are sent to the jflow/sflow modules. This results in memory corruption, leading to an rpd crash and restart.
Continued receipt of these specific updates will cause a sustained Denial of Service condition.
This issue affects Junos OS:
* All versions before 21.2R3-S9,
* All versions of 21.4,
* All versions of 22.2,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S7,
* from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,
* from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4,
* from 24.2 before 24.2R2.
Junos OS Evolved:
* All versions of 21.2-EVO,
* All versions of 21.4-EVO,
* All versions of 22.2-EVO,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S7-EVO,
* from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,
* from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4-EVO,
* from 24.2 before 24.2R2-EVO.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA100062 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S9
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4* (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2* (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2-S3 (semver) Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R2-S4 (semver) Affected: 24.2 , < 24.2R2 (semver) |
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS Evolved |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2*-EVO
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4*-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2*-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S7-EVO (semver) Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2-S3-EVO (semver) Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R2-S4-EVO (semver) Affected: 24.2 , < 24.2R2-EVO (semver) |
Date Public
2025-07-09 16:00
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CVE-2025-55297 (GCVE-0-2025-55297)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-21 15:05 – Updated: 2025-08-22 11:32
VLAI
Title
ESF-IDF BluFi Example Memory Overflow Vulnerability
Summary
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. The BluFi example bundled in ESP-IDF was vulnerable to memory overflows in two areas: Wi-Fi credential handling and Diffie–Hellman key exchange. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.4.1, 5.3.3, 5.1.6, and 5.0.9.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
13 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/12b7a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/3fc6c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/5f93e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/9cb72… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/abc18… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/b1657… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/bf50c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/cb692… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/cc00e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/e65cf… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/f40aa… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/f77da… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-57807 (GCVE-0-2025-57807)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-05 21:16 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick BlobStream Forward-Seek Under-Allocation
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. ImageMagick versions lower than 14.8.2 include insecure functions: SeekBlob(), which permits advancing the stream offset beyond the current end without increasing capacity, and WriteBlob(), which then expands by quantum + length (amortized) instead of offset + length, and copies to data + offset. When offset ≫ extent, the copy targets memory beyond the allocation, producing a deterministic heap write on 64-bit builds. No 2⁶⁴ arithmetic wrap, external delegates, or policy settings are required. This is fixed in version 14.8.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
< 14.8.2
|
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CVE-2025-61661 (GCVE-0-2025-61661)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 18:20 – Updated: 2025-12-19 16:33
VLAI
Title
Grub2: grub2: out-of-bounds write via malicious usb device
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in the GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) component. This flaw occurs because the bootloader mishandles string conversion when reading information from a USB device, allowing an attacker to exploit inconsistent length values. A local attacker can connect a maliciously configured USB device during the boot sequence to trigger this issue. A successful exploitation may lead GRUB to crash, leading to a Denial of Service. Data corruption may be also possible, although given the complexity of the exploit the impact is most likely limited.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61661 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2413827 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/18/8 |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GNU | grub2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.14
(semver)
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-11-18 00:00
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CVE-2025-62550 (GCVE-0-2025-62550)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 17:55 – Updated: 2026-04-16 14:18
VLAI
Title
Azure Monitor Agent Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds write in Azure Monitor Agent allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure Monitor |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.35.9
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-12-09 08:00
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CVE-2025-66216 (GCVE-0-2025-66216)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-29 01:57 – Updated: 2025-12-01 14:10
VLAI
Title
AIS-catcher has a Buffer Overflow vulnerability in `AIS::Message` leading to DoS/RCE
Summary
AIS-catcher is a multi-platform AIS receiver. Prior to version 0.64, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability has been identified in the AIS::Message class of AIS-catcher. This vulnerability allows an attacker to write approximately 1KB of arbitrary data into a 128-byte buffer. This issue has been patched in version 0.64.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jvde-github/AIS-catcher/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jvde-github/AIS-catcher/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jvde-github | AIS-catcher |
Affected:
< 0.64
|
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When allocating a buffer for the purpose of transforming, converting, or encoding an input, allocate enough memory to handle the largest possible encoding. For example, in a routine that converts "&" characters to "&" for HTML entity encoding, the output buffer needs to be at least 5 times as large as the input buffer.
Mitigation ID: MIT-36
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Understand the programming language's underlying representation and how it interacts with numeric calculation (CWE-681). Pay close attention to byte size discrepancies, precision, signed/unsigned distinctions, truncation, conversion and casting between types, "not-a-number" calculations, and how the language handles numbers that are too large or too small for its underlying representation. [REF-7]
- Also be careful to account for 32-bit, 64-bit, and other potential differences that may affect the numeric representation.
Mitigation ID: MIT-8
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Perform input validation on any numeric input by ensuring that it is within the expected range. Enforce that the input meets both the minimum and maximum requirements for the expected range.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When processing structured incoming data containing a size field followed by raw data, identify and resolve any inconsistencies between the size field and the actual size of the data (CWE-130).
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When allocating memory that uses sentinels to mark the end of a data structure - such as NUL bytes in strings - make sure you also include the sentinel in your calculation of the total amount of memory that must be allocated.
Mitigation ID: MIT-13
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use sizeof() on the appropriate data type to avoid CWE-467.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use the appropriate type for the desired action. For example, in C/C++, only use unsigned types for values that could never be negative, such as height, width, or other numbers related to quantity. This will simplify validation and will reduce surprises related to unexpected casting.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Use libraries or frameworks that make it easier to handle numbers without unexpected consequences, or buffer allocation routines that automatically track buffer size.
- Examples include safe integer handling packages such as SafeInt (C++) or IntegerLib (C or C++). [REF-106]
Mitigation ID: MIT-10
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-26
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Description:
- Examine compiler warnings closely and eliminate problems with potential security implications, such as signed / unsigned mismatch in memory operations, or use of uninitialized variables. Even if the weakness is rarely exploitable, a single failure may lead to the compromise of the entire system.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.