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CWE-284
Improper Access Control
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
CVE-2025-33056 (GCVE-0-2025-33056)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-10 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:01
VLAI
Title
Windows Local Security Authority (LSA) Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
Improper access control in Microsoft Local Security Authority Server (lsasrv) allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21034
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27769
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27769
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23351
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23351
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1665
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-06-10 07:00
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CVE-2025-33072 (GCVE-0-2025-33072)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-08 22:17 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:21 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
Microsoft msagsfeedback.azurewebsites.net Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Improper access control in Azure allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft msagsfeedback.azurewebsites.net |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2025-05-08 07:00
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CVE-2025-33073 (GCVE-0-2025-33073)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-10 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Title
Windows SMB Client Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper access control in Windows SMB allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-3… | |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-3… |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21034
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27769
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27769
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23351
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23351
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1665
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-06-10 07:00
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CVE-2025-3324 (GCVE-0-2025-3324)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-06 22:31 – Updated: 2025-04-07 14:06
VLAI
Title
godcheese/code-projects Nimrod FileRestController.java unrestricted upload
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in godcheese/code-projects Nimrod 0.8. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file FileRestController.java. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.303536 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.303536 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.551864 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/buluorifu/Vulnerability-recurr… | exploit |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| godcheese | Nimrod |
Affected:
0.8
|
|
| code-projects | Nimrod |
Affected:
0.8
|
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CVE-2025-3325 (GCVE-0-2025-3325)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-06 23:00 – Updated: 2025-04-07 14:06
VLAI
Title
iteaj iboot 物联网网关 Admin Password pwd access control
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in iteaj iboot 物联网网关 1.1.3. This affects an unknown part of the file /core/admin/pwd of the component Admin Password Handler. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to improper access controls. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.303537 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.303537 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.551869 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/uglory-gll/javasec/blob/main/i… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| iteaj | iboot 物联网网关 |
Affected:
1.1.3
|
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CVE-2025-3398 (GCVE-0-2025-3398)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 01:31 – Updated: 2025-04-08 14:22
VLAI
Title
lenve VBlog WebSecurityConfig.java configure access control
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in lenve VBlog up to 1.0.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function configure of the file blogserver/src/main/java/org/sang/config/WebSecurityConfig.java. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.303643 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.303643 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.525609 | third-party-advisory |
| https://magnificent-dill-351.notion.site/Improper… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-3410 (GCVE-0-2025-3410)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 05:00 – Updated: 2025-04-08 15:29
VLAI
Title
mymagicpower AIAS LocalStorageController.java unrestricted upload
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in mymagicpower AIAS 20250308. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file training_platform/train-platform/src/main/java/top/aias/training/controller/LocalStorageController.java. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.303688 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.303688 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.544243 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Tr0e/CVE_Hunter/blob/main/AIAS… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mymagicpower | AIAS |
Affected:
20250308
|
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CVE-2025-3558 (GCVE-0-2025-3558)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 08:31 – Updated: 2025-04-14 12:53
VLAI
Title
ghostxbh uzy-ssm-mall uploadUserHeadImage unrestricted upload
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in ghostxbh uzy-ssm-mall 1.0.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /mall/user/uploadUserHeadImage. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.304599 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.304599 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.549259 | third-party-advisory |
| https://wiki.shikangsi.com/post/share/2f5fafb5-63… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ghostxbh | uzy-ssm-mall |
Affected:
1.0.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-3565 (GCVE-0-2025-3565)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 12:00 – Updated: 2025-04-14 13:23
VLAI
Title
huanfenz/code-projects StudentManager Announcement Management Section uploadArticle.do unrestricted upload
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in huanfenz/code-projects StudentManager 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /upload/uploadArticle.do of the component Announcement Management Section. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.304606 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.304606 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.549316 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/buluorifu/Vulnerability-recurr… | exploit |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| huanfenz | StudentManager |
Affected:
1.0
|
|
| code-projects | StudentManager |
Affected:
1.0
|
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CVE-2025-3566 (GCVE-0-2025-3566)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 12:31 – Updated: 2025-08-26 19:26
VLAI
Title
veal98 小牛肉 Echo 开源社区系统 uploadMdPic unrestricted upload
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in veal98 小牛肉 Echo 开源社区系统 4.2. This issue affects the function uploadMdPic of the file /discuss/uploadMdPic. The manipulation of the argument editormd-image-file leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.304607 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.304607 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.549509 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/caigo8/CVE-md/blob/main/Echo/%… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| veal98 小牛肉 | Echo 开源社区系统 |
Affected:
4.2
|
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"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Echo \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7cfb\u7edf",
"vendor": "veal98 \u5c0f\u725b\u8089",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.2"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Caigo (VulDB User)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in veal98 \u5c0f\u725b\u8089 Echo \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7cfb\u7edf 4.2. This issue affects the function uploadMdPic of the file /discuss/uploadMdPic. The manipulation of the argument editormd-image-file leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used."
},
{
"lang": "de",
"value": "Eine Schwachstelle wurde in veal98 \u5c0f\u725b\u8089 Echo \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7cfb\u7edf 4.2 entdeckt. Sie wurde als kritisch eingestuft. Dies betrifft die Funktion uploadMdPic der Datei /discuss/uploadMdPic. Mittels Manipulieren des Arguments editormd-image-file mit unbekannten Daten kann eine unrestricted upload-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann \u00fcber das Netzwerk passieren. Der Exploit steht zur \u00f6ffentlichen Verf\u00fcgung."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 6.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "Unrestricted Upload",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-284",
"description": "Improper Access Controls",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-04-14T12:31:04.765Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-304607 | veal98 \u5c0f\u725b\u8089 Echo \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7cfb\u7edf uploadMdPic unrestricted upload",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.304607"
},
{
"name": "VDB-304607 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.304607"
},
{
"name": "Submit #549509 | https://gitee.com/veal98/Echo Echo 4.2 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.549509"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/caigo8/CVE-md/blob/main/Echo/%E6%9C%AA%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83%E4%BB%BB%E6%84%8F%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0.md"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-04-13T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-04-14T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-04-14T01:01:03.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "veal98 \u5c0f\u725b\u8089 Echo \u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7cfb\u7edf uploadMdPic unrestricted upload"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-3566",
"datePublished": "2025-04-14T12:31:04.765Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-13T22:55:55.245Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-26T19:26:12.111Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-1
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Description:
- Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation ID: MIT-46
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
Description:
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.