Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-285

Discouraged

Improper Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

2300 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-59226 (GCVE-0-2026-59226)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 16:06 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:08
VLAI
Title
Open WebUI: Scheduled automations continue after pending-user deactivation and stored model ACL revocation
Summary
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.9.0 before 0.10.0, execute_automation rehydrated automation owners without rechecking that they were still active or still had features.automations, and check_model_access only enforced private-model grants for the exact user role, allowing deactivated pending users to continue scheduled model execution. This issue is fixed in version 0.10.0.
Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
open-webui open-webui Affected: >= 0.9.0, < 0.10.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-58631 (GCVE-0-2026-58631)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:05 – Updated: 2026-07-15 03:56
VLAI
Title
Windows Admin Center (WAC) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Windows Admin Center allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows Admin Center Affected: 1809.0 , < 2.7.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58540 (GCVE-0-2026-58540)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:10 – Updated: 2026-07-15 03:59
VLAI
Title
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 Affected: 10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58424 (GCVE-0-2026-58424)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-03 20:54 – Updated: 2026-07-06 15:09
VLAI
Title
Permanent Fork PR Workflow Approval Gate Bypass
Summary
Permanent Fork PR Workflow Approval Gate Bypass
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Gitea Gitea Open Source Git Server Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.26.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
prakhar0x01
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58284 (GCVE-0-2026-58284)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-03 20:35 – Updated: 2026-07-14 19:41
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Affected: 1.0.0.0 , < 150.0.4078.48 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-03 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58277 (GCVE-0-2026-58277)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:09 – Updated: 2026-07-15 03:57
VLAI
Title
Microsoft SharePoint Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.5561.1001 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20175 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58252 (GCVE-0-2026-58252)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 19:46 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:34
VLAI
Title
NATS Server: Subscribe Authz Bypass via Wildcard-Overlap
Summary
NATS Server is a high-performance server for NATS.io, the cloud and edge native messaging system. Prior to 2.14.0, 2.12.7, and 2.11.16, an authenticated user could receive messages on denied subjects when a wildcard subscription overlapped with a configured wildcard deny rule but was not a subset of it, and queue subscriptions could also affect delivery to legitimate queue consumers. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.0, 2.12.7, and 2.11.16.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nats-io nats-server Affected: < 2.11.16
Affected: >= 2.12.0-preview.1, < 2.12.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58251 (GCVE-0-2026-58251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 19:40 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:40
VLAI
Title
NATS Server: Queue Subscribe Authz Bypass
Summary
NATS Server is a high-performance server for NATS.io, the cloud and edge native messaging system. Prior to 2.14.0, 2.12.7, and 2.11.16, an authenticated user with subscription deny permissions could bypass a plain subject deny rule by using a queue subscription, because queue-specific deny evaluation could override the plain subject deny result when the queue name itself was not denied. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.0, 2.12.7, and 2.11.16.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nats-io nats-server Affected: < 2.11.16
Affected: >= 2.12.0-RC.1, < 2.12.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-57983 (GCVE-0-2026-57983)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-03 20:35 – Updated: 2026-07-14 19:37
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Affected: 1.0.0.0 , < 150.0.4078.48 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-03 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-56350 (GCVE-0-2026-56350)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 22:08 – Updated: 2026-07-01 15:04
VLAI
Title
n8n - SSO Enforcement Bypass via API
Summary
n8n before 2.8.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability allowing authenticated SSO users to disable SSO enforcement through the API. Attackers can create local password credentials to authenticate directly, bypassing organizational SSO policies and identity-provider-enforced multi-factor authentication.
Severity
6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n n8n Affected: 0 , < 2.8.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.8.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-25 00:00
Credits
stanislavfortaisle
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting

An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values

The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.

CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens

In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.

CAPEC-402: Bypassing ATA Password Security

An adversary exploits a weakness in ATA security on a drive to gain access to the information the drive contains without supplying the proper credentials. ATA Security is often employed to protect hard disk information from unauthorized access. The mechanism requires the user to type in a password before the BIOS is allowed access to drive contents. Some implementations of ATA security will accept the ATA command to update the password without the user having authenticated with the BIOS. This occurs because the security mechanism assumes the user has first authenticated via the BIOS prior to sending commands to the drive. Various methods exist for exploiting this flaw, the most common being installing the ATA protected drive into a system lacking ATA security features (a.k.a. hot swapping). Once the drive is installed into the new system the BIOS can be used to reset the drive password.

CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links

This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.

CAPEC-5: Blue Boxing

This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.

{'xhtml:b': 'This attack pattern is included in CAPEC for historical purposes.'}

CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry

SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.

CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction

This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.

CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)

This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.

CAPEC-647: Collect Data from Registries

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization to gather system-specific data and sensitive information within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist). These contain information about the system configuration, software, operating system, and security. The adversary can leverage information gathered in order to carry out further attacks.

CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)

An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing

An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.

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