CWE-285

Improper Authorization

The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

CVE-2024-42490 (GCVE-0-2024-42490)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-22 15:34 – Updated: 2024-08-22 16:04
VLAI
Title
authentik has Insufficient Authorization for several API endpoints
Summary
authentik is an open-source Identity Provider. Several API endpoints can be accessed by users without correct authentication/authorization. The main API endpoints affected by this are /api/v3/crypto/certificatekeypairs/<uuid>/view_certificate/, /api/v3/crypto/certificatekeypairs/<uuid>/view_private_key/, and /api/v3/.../used_by/. Note that all of the affected API endpoints require the knowledge of the ID of an object, which especially for certificates is not accessible to an unprivileged user. Additionally the IDs for most objects are UUIDv4, meaning they are not easily guessable/enumerable. authentik 2024.4.4, 2024.6.4 and 2024.8.0 fix this issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
goauthentik authentik Affected: < 2024.4.4
Affected: >= 2024.6.0-rc1, < 2024.6.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43051 (GCVE-0-2024-43051)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-03 10:07 – Updated: 2025-03-03 16:14
VLAI
Title
Improper Authorization in SPS-HLOS
Summary
Information disclosure while deriving keys for a session for any Widevine use case.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon Affected: AQT1000
Affected: AR8031
Affected: AR8035
Affected: C-V2X 9150
Affected: CSRA6620
Affected: CSRA6640
Affected: FastConnect 6200
Affected: FastConnect 6700
Affected: FastConnect 6800
Affected: FastConnect 6900
Affected: FastConnect 7800
Affected: Flight RB5 5G Platform
Affected: QAM8255P
Affected: QAM8295P
Affected: QAM8620P
Affected: QAM8650P
Affected: QAM8775P
Affected: QAMSRV1H
Affected: QAMSRV1M
Affected: QCA6174A
Affected: QCA6391
Affected: QCA6420
Affected: QCA6421
Affected: QCA6426
Affected: QCA6430
Affected: QCA6431
Affected: QCA6436
Affected: QCA6574
Affected: QCA6574A
Affected: QCA6574AU
Affected: QCA6584AU
Affected: QCA6595
Affected: QCA6595AU
Affected: QCA6678AQ
Affected: QCA6688AQ
Affected: QCA6696
Affected: QCA6698AQ
Affected: QCA6797AQ
Affected: QCA8081
Affected: QCA8337
Affected: QCC710
Affected: QCM2290
Affected: QCM4290
Affected: QCM4325
Affected: QCM4490
Affected: QCM5430
Affected: QCM6125
Affected: QCM6490
Affected: QCM8550
Affected: QCN6024
Affected: QCN6224
Affected: QCN6274
Affected: QCN7606
Affected: QCN9011
Affected: QCN9012
Affected: QCN9024
Affected: QCN9074
Affected: QCN9274
Affected: QCS2290
Affected: QCS4290
Affected: QCS4490
Affected: QCS5430
Affected: QCS6125
Affected: QCS6490
Affected: QCS7230
Affected: QCS8250
Affected: QCS8550
Affected: QCS9100
Affected: QDU1000
Affected: QDU1010
Affected: QDU1110
Affected: QDU1210
Affected: QDX1010
Affected: QDX1011
Affected: QEP8111
Affected: QFW7114
Affected: QFW7124
Affected: QRB5165M
Affected: QRB5165N
Affected: QRU1032
Affected: QRU1052
Affected: QRU1062
Affected: QSM8250
Affected: QSM8350
Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC1 Platform
Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform
Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC5 Platform
Affected: Robotics RB2 Platform
Affected: Robotics RB5 Platform
Affected: SA2150P
Affected: SA4150P
Affected: SA4155P
Affected: SA6145P
Affected: SA6150P
Affected: SA6155
Affected: SA6155P
Affected: SA7255P
Affected: SA7775P
Affected: SA8145P
Affected: SA8150P
Affected: SA8155
Affected: SA8155P
Affected: SA8195P
Affected: SA8255P
Affected: SA8295P
Affected: SA8530P
Affected: SA8540P
Affected: SA8620P
Affected: SA8650P
Affected: SA8770P
Affected: SA8775P
Affected: SA9000P
Affected: SC8380XP
Affected: SD 8 Gen1 5G
Affected: SD460
Affected: SD662
Affected: SD670
Affected: SD730
Affected: SD855
Affected: SD865 5G
Affected: SD888
Affected: SDX55
Affected: SDX61
Affected: SG4150P
Affected: SG8275P
Affected: SM4125
Affected: SM4635
Affected: SM6250
Affected: SM6370
Affected: SM6650
Affected: SM7250P
Affected: SM7315
Affected: SM7325P
Affected: SM7635
Affected: SM7675
Affected: SM7675P
Affected: SM8550P
Affected: SM8635
Affected: SM8635P
Affected: SM8650Q
Affected: Smart Audio 400 Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 1 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 2 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 460 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 480 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 480+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM4350-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 662 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 665 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 670 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 675 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 678 Mobile Platform (SM6150-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 680 4G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 685 4G Mobile Platform (SM6225-AD)
Affected: Snapdragon 690 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 695 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 710 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 720G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 730 Mobile Platform (SM7150-AA)
Affected: Snapdragon 730G Mobile Platform (SM7150-AB)
Affected: Snapdragon 732G Mobile Platform (SM7150-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 750G 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 765 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AA)
Affected: Snapdragon 765G 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AB)
Affected: Snapdragon 768G 5G Mobile Platform (SM7250-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 778G 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 778G+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM7325-AE)
Affected: Snapdragon 780G 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 782G Mobile Platform (SM7325-AF)
Affected: Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 Compute
Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 8+ Gen 1 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 8+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 855 Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 855+/860 Mobile Platform (SM8150-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 865 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 865+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM8250-AB)
Affected: Snapdragon 870 5G Mobile Platform (SM8250-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 888 5G Mobile Platform
Affected: Snapdragon 888+ 5G Mobile Platform (SM8350-AC)
Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 Compute Platform (SC8280XP-AB, BB)
Affected: Snapdragon AR1 Gen 1 Platform
Affected: Snapdragon AR1 Gen 1 Platform "Luna1"
Affected: Snapdragon AR2 Gen 1 Platform
Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF
Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Gen 2
Affected: Snapdragon W5+ Gen 1 Wearable Platform
Affected: Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X50 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X62 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X65 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X72 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon X75 5G Modem-RF System
Affected: Snapdragon XR1 Platform
Affected: Snapdragon XR2 5G Platform
Affected: Snapdragon XR2+ Gen 1 Platform
Affected: Snapdragon Auto 4G Modem
Affected: SRV1H
Affected: SRV1L
Affected: SRV1M
Affected: SSG2115P
Affected: SSG2125P
Affected: SW5100
Affected: SW5100P
Affected: SXR1120
Affected: SXR1230P
Affected: SXR2130
Affected: SXR2230P
Affected: SXR2250P
Affected: SXR2330P
Affected: TalynPlus
Affected: WCD9326
Affected: WCD9335
Affected: WCD9340
Affected: WCD9341
Affected: WCD9370
Affected: WCD9375
Affected: WCD9378
Affected: WCD9380
Affected: WCD9385
Affected: WCD9390
Affected: WCD9395
Affected: WCN3910
Affected: WCN3950
Affected: WCN3980
Affected: WCN3988
Affected: WCN3990
Affected: WCN3999
Affected: WCN6450
Affected: WCN6650
Affected: WCN6740
Affected: WCN6755
Affected: WCN7861
Affected: WCN7881
Affected: WSA8810
Affected: WSA8815
Affected: WSA8830
Affected: WSA8832
Affected: WSA8835
Affected: WSA8840
Affected: WSA8845
Affected: WSA8845H
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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              "version": "QCN9024"
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              "version": "QCN9074"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QCN9274"
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              "version": "QCS2290"
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              "version": "QCS4290"
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              "version": "QCS4490"
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              "version": "QDU1010"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QDU1110"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QDU1210"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QDX1010"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QDX1011"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QEP8111"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QFW7114"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QFW7124"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QRB5165M"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QRB5165N"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "QRU1032"
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              "version": "Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC5 Platform"
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CVE-2024-43460 (GCVE-0-2024-43460)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-17 18:15 – Updated: 2024-12-31 23:03 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
Dynamics 365 Business Central Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Dynamics 365 Business Central resulted in a vulnerability that allows an authenticated attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2024-09-17 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43482 (GCVE-0-2024-43482)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-10 16:53 – Updated: 2024-12-31 23:02
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Outlook for iOS Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft Outlook for iOS Information Disclosure Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Outlook for iOS Affected: 1.0.0 , < 4.2435.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-09-10 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43602 (GCVE-0-2024-43602)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-12 17:53 – Updated: 2025-07-08 15:41
VLAI
Title
Azure CycleCloud Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure CycleCloud Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud Affected: 8.6.3 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud Affected: 8.6.4 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.0.0 Affected: 8.0.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.0.1 Affected: 8.0.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.6.0 Affected: 8.6.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud Affected: 8.6.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.0.2 Affected: 8.0.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.1.0 Affected: 8.1.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.2.0 Affected: 8.2.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.2.1 Affected: 8.2.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.2.2 Affected: 8.2.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.4.1 Affected: 8.4.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.1.1 Affected: 8.1.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.4.2 Affected: 8.4.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.4.0 Affected: 8.4.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.5.0 Affected: 8.5.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Azure CycleCloud 8.3.0 Affected: 8.3.0 , < 8.6.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-11-12 08:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43706 (GCVE-0-2024-43706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-10 16:59 – Updated: 2025-06-10 17:40
VLAI
Title
Kibana Improper Authorization
Summary
Improper authorization in Kibana can lead to privilege abuse via a direct HTTP request to a Synthetic monitor endpoint.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Elastic Kibana Affected: 8.12.0 , < 8.12.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-06-10 16:48
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43729 (GCVE-0-2024-43729)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-10 22:04 – Updated: 2025-01-07 17:36
VLAI
Title
Adobe Experience Manager | Improper Authorization (CWE-285)
Summary
Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.21 and earlier are affected by an Improper Authorization vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and have a high impact on integrity. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-285 - Improper Authorization (CWE-285)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Experience Manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.5.21 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-12-10 17:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-43731 (GCVE-0-2024-43731)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-10 22:03 – Updated: 2025-01-07 17:36
VLAI
Title
Adobe Experience Manager | Improper Authorization (CWE-285)
Summary
Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.21 and earlier are affected by an Improper Authorization vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and have a low impact on integrity. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-285 - Improper Authorization (CWE-285)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Experience Manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.5.21 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-12-10 17:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45044 (GCVE-0-2024-45044)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-10 14:57 – Updated: 2024-09-10 19:23
VLAI
Title
Bareos's negative command ACLs can be circumvented by abbreviating commands
Summary
Bareos is open source software for backup, archiving, and recovery of data for operating systems. When a command ACL is in place and a user executes a command in bconsole using an abbreviation (i.e. "w" for "whoami") the ACL check did not apply to the full form (i.e. "whoami") but to the abbreviated form (i.e. "w"). If the command ACL is configured with negative ACL that should forbid using the "whoami" command, you could still use "w" or "who" as a command successfully. Fixes for the problem are shipped in Bareos versions 23.0.4, 22.1.6 and 21.1.11. If only positive command ACLs are used without any negation, the problem does not occur.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bareos bareos Affected: >= 23.0.0, < 23.0.4
Affected: >= 22.0.0, < 22.1.6
Affected: < 21.1.11
Create a notification for this product.
bareos bareos Affected: 23.0.0 , < 23.0.4 (custom)
Affected: 22.0.0 , < 22.1.6 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < 21.1.11 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:bareos:bareos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45307 (GCVE-0-2024-45307)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-03 19:01 – Updated: 2024-09-03 19:31
VLAI
Title
SudoBot missing authorization check in `-config` command
Summary
SudoBot, a Discord moderation bot, is vulnerable to privilege escalation and exploit of the `-config` command in versions prior to 9.26.7. Anyone is theoretically able to update any configuration of the bot and potentially gain control over the bot's settings. Every version of v9 before v9.26.7 is affected. Other versions (e.g. v8) are not affected. Users should upgrade to version 9.26.7 to receive a patch. A workaround would be to create a command permission overwrite in the Database. A SQL statement provided in the GitHub Security Advisor can be executed to create a overwrite that disallows users without `ManageGuild` permission to run the `-config` command. Run the SQL statement for every server the bot is in, and replace `<guild_id>` with the appropriate Guild ID each time.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
onesoft-sudo sudobot Affected: >= 9.0.0, < 9.26.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation

Phases: System Configuration, Installation

Description:

  • Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting

An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values

The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.

CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens

In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.

CAPEC-402: Bypassing ATA Password Security

An adversary exploits a weakness in ATA security on a drive to gain access to the information the drive contains without supplying the proper credentials. ATA Security is often employed to protect hard disk information from unauthorized access. The mechanism requires the user to type in a password before the BIOS is allowed access to drive contents. Some implementations of ATA security will accept the ATA command to update the password without the user having authenticated with the BIOS. This occurs because the security mechanism assumes the user has first authenticated via the BIOS prior to sending commands to the drive. Various methods exist for exploiting this flaw, the most common being installing the ATA protected drive into a system lacking ATA security features (a.k.a. hot swapping). Once the drive is installed into the new system the BIOS can be used to reset the drive password.

CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links

This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.

CAPEC-5: Blue Boxing

['This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.', {'xhtml:b': 'This attack pattern is included in CAPEC for historical purposes.'}]

CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry

SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.

CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction

This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.

CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)

This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.

CAPEC-647: Collect Data from Registries

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization to gather system-specific data and sensitive information within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist). These contain information about the system configuration, software, operating system, and security. The adversary can leverage information gathered in order to carry out further attacks.

CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)

An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing

An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.

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