CWE-285
Improper Authorization
The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
CVE-2025-62401 (GCVE-0-2025-62401)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 11:29 – Updated: 2025-10-23 14:39
VLAI
Title
Moodle: possible to bypass timer in timed assignments
Summary
An issue in Moodle’s timed assignment feature allowed students to bypass the time restriction, potentially giving them more time than allowed to complete an assessment.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-62401 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2404434 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-10-14 04:00
Credits
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CVE-2025-62520 (GCVE-0-2025-62520)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:48
VLAI
Title
MantisBT unauthorized disclosure of private project column configuration
Summary
Mantis Bug Tracker (MantisBT) is an open source issue tracker. In versions 2.27.1 and below, due to insufficient access-level checks, any non-admin user with access to manage_config_columns_page.php can use the Copy From action to retrieve the columns configuration from a private project they have no access to. This issue is fixed in version 2.27.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mantisbt/mantisbt/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mantisbt/mantisbt/commit/4fe94… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://mantisbt.org/bugs/view.php?id=36502 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-62610 (GCVE-0-2025-62610)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-22 19:24 – Updated: 2025-10-23 17:31
VLAI
Title
Hono Improperly Authorizes JWT Audience Validation
Summary
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. In versions from 1.1.0 to before 4.10.2, Hono’s JWT Auth Middleware does not provide a built-in aud (Audience) verification option, which can cause confused-deputy / token-mix-up issues: an API may accept a valid token that was issued for a different audience (e.g., another service) when multiple services share the same issuer/keys. This can lead to unintended cross-service access. Hono’s docs list verification options for iss/nbf/iat/exp only, with no aud support; RFC 7519 requires that when an aud claim is present, tokens MUST be rejected unless the processing party identifies itself in that claim. This issue has been patched in version 4.10.2.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/45ba3bf9e3d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-6329 (GCVE-0-2025-6329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-20 09:31 – Updated: 2025-06-20 13:51
VLAI
Title
ScriptAndTools Real Estate Management System User Delete userdelete.php authorization
Summary
A vulnerability was found in ScriptAndTools Real Estate Management System 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file userdelete.php of the component User Delete Handler. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to authorization bypass. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.313325 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.313325 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.596472 | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.websecurityinsights.my.id/2025/06/scr… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ScriptAndTools | Real Estate Management System |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-64523 (GCVE-0-2025-64523)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 22:11 – Updated: 2025-11-13 14:35
VLAI
Title
FileBrowser has Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) in Share Deletion Function
Summary
File Browser provides a file managing interface within a specified directory and it can be used to upload, delete, preview, rename and edit files. Versions prior to 2.45.1 have an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the FileBrowser application's share deletion functionality. This vulnerability allows any authenticated user with share permissions to delete other users' shared links without authorization checks. The impact is significant as malicious actors can disrupt business operations by systematically removing shared files and links. This leads to denial of service for legitimate users, potential data loss in collaborative environments, and breach of data confidentiality agreements. In organizational settings, this could affect critical file sharing for projects, presentations, or document collaboration. Version 2.45.1 contains a fix for the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| filebrowser | filebrowser |
Affected:
< 2.45.1
|
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CVE-2025-64655 (GCVE-0-2025-64655)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-20 22:18 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:07 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
Dynamics OmniChannel SDK Storage Containers Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper authorization in Dynamics OmniChannel SDK Storage Containers allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Dynamics OmniChannel SDK Storage Containers |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2025-11-20 08:00
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CVE-2025-64751 (GCVE-0-2025-64751)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 01:24 – Updated: 2025-11-24 18:11
VLAI
Title
OpenFGA Improper Policy Enforcement
Summary
OpenFGA is a high-performance and flexible authorization/permission engine built for developers and inspired by Google Zanzibar. OpenFGA v1.4.0 to v1.11.0 ( openfga-0.1.34 <= Helm chart <= openfga-0.2.48, v.1.4.0 <= docker <= v.1.11.0) are vulnerable to improper policy enforcement when certain Check and ListObject calls are executed. This issue has been patched in version 1.11.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openfga/openfga/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/openfga/openfga/releases/tag/v1.11.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-65020 (GCVE-0-2025-65020)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 17:24 – Updated: 2025-11-19 21:12
VLAI
Title
Rallly Has Unauthorized Poll Duplication via Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)
Summary
Rallly is an open-source scheduling and collaboration tool. Prior to version 4.5.4, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the poll duplication endpoint (/api/trpc/polls.duplicate) allows any authenticated user to duplicate polls they do not own by modifying the pollId parameter. This effectively bypasses access control and lets unauthorized users clone private or administrative polls. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.4.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/releases/tag/v4.5.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-65021 (GCVE-0-2025-65021)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 17:24 – Updated: 2025-11-19 21:13
VLAI
Title
Rallly Has Unauthorized Poll Finalization via Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)
Summary
Rallly is an open-source scheduling and collaboration tool. Prior to version 4.5.4, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in the poll finalization feature of the application. Any authenticated user can finalize a poll they do not own by manipulating the pollId parameter in the request. This allows unauthorized users to finalize other users’ polls and convert them into events without proper authorization checks, potentially disrupting user workflows and causing data integrity and availability issues. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.4.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/releases/tag/v4.5.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
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"title": "Rallly Has Unauthorized Poll Finalization via Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)"
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CVE-2025-65028 (GCVE-0-2025-65028)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 17:23 – Updated: 2025-11-19 21:11
VLAI
Title
Rallly Has an IDOR Vulnerability in Vote Update Endpoint Allows Unauthorized Manipulation of Participant Votes
Summary
Rallly is an open-source scheduling and collaboration tool. Prior to version 4.5.4, an insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability allows any authenticated user to modify other participants’ votes in polls without authorization. The backend relies solely on the participantId parameter to identify which votes to update, without verifying ownership or poll permissions. This allows an attacker to alter poll results in their favor, directly compromising data integrity. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.4.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lukevella/rallly/releases/tag/v4.5.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Phases: System Configuration, Installation
Description:
- Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values
The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.
CAPEC-402: Bypassing ATA Password Security
An adversary exploits a weakness in ATA security on a drive to gain access to the information the drive contains without supplying the proper credentials. ATA Security is often employed to protect hard disk information from unauthorized access. The mechanism requires the user to type in a password before the BIOS is allowed access to drive contents. Some implementations of ATA security will accept the ATA command to update the password without the user having authenticated with the BIOS. This occurs because the security mechanism assumes the user has first authenticated via the BIOS prior to sending commands to the drive. Various methods exist for exploiting this flaw, the most common being installing the ATA protected drive into a system lacking ATA security features (a.k.a. hot swapping). Once the drive is installed into the new system the BIOS can be used to reset the drive password.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-5: Blue Boxing
['This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.', {'xhtml:b': 'This attack pattern is included in CAPEC for historical purposes.'}]
CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-647: Collect Data from Registries
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization to gather system-specific data and sensitive information within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist). These contain information about the system configuration, software, operating system, and security. The adversary can leverage information gathered in order to carry out further attacks.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.