CWE-451
User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
CVE-2026-44659 (GCVE-0-2026-44659)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 17:01 – Updated: 2026-05-12 16:13- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zen-browser/desktop/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zen-browser | desktop |
Affected:
< 1.19.12b
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-44659",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-05-12T16:13:40.754441Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T16:13:51.896Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "desktop",
"vendor": "zen-browser",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.19.12b"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Zen is a firefox-based browser. Prior to 1.19.12b, the ZEN Browser incorrectly truncates long hostnames in the address bar and shows only the attacker-controlled prefix of the subdomain, hiding the actual registrable domain (eTLD+1). As a result, an attacker can craft extremely long malicious subdomains that visually imitate trusted brands, and the browser will display only the spoofed prefix, misleading users about the actual origin of the site. This directly compromises the URL bar as a security indicator and creates a phishing/supply-chain attack vector. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.12b."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-451",
"description": "CWE-451: User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T17:01:18.559Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/zen-browser/desktop/security/advisories/GHSA-7p2r-fp29-9w69",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zen-browser/desktop/security/advisories/GHSA-7p2r-fp29-9w69"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-7p2r-fp29-9w69",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Zen Browser Mac - Address Bar Spoofing via Long Subdomain"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-44659",
"datePublished": "2026-05-11T17:01:18.559Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-07T16:20:08.659Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T16:13:51.896Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-48851 (GCVE-0-2026-48851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-25 20:16 – Updated: 2026-05-26 12:40- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-48851",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-05-26T12:40:42.460737Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-26T12:40:49.268Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "PuTTY",
"vendor": "PuTTY",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "0.84",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.77",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:putty:putty:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "0.84",
"versionStartIncluding": "0.77",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "PuTTY 0.77 before 0.84 uses a copy of the PuTTY icon as a trust indication for TELNET data but the trust status is not cleared between proxy authentication and the main session."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 3.1,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-451",
"description": "CWE-451 User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-25T20:16:31.485Z",
"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"shortName": "mitre"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://lists.tartarus.org/pipermail/putty-announce/2026/000042.html"
},
{
"url": "https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/wishlist/telnet-trust-sigil.html"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "CVE-Request-form 0.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-48851",
"datePublished": "2026-05-25T20:16:31.485Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-25T20:16:30.998Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-26T12:40:49.268Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Output Encoding
Description:
- Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.