CWE-462
Duplicate Key in Associative List (Alist)
Duplicate keys in associative lists can lead to non-unique keys being mistaken for an error.
CVE-2025-21085 (GCVE-0-2025-21085)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-15 14:25 – Updated: 2025-06-16 18:08
VLAI?
Summary
PingFederate OAuth2 grant duplication in PostgreSQL persistent storage allows OAuth2 requests to use excessive memory utilization.
Severity ?
CWE
- CWE-462 - Duplicate Key in Associative List
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | |
|---|---|---|
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ping Identity | PingFederate |
Affected:
12.2.0 , < 12.2.4
(custom)
Affected: 12.1.0 , < 12.1.9 (custom) Affected: 12.0 , < 12.0.9 (custom) Affected: 11.3.0 , < 11.3.13 (custom) |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-21085",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-06-16T18:08:12.829414Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T18:08:20.514Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"PostgreSQL"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows",
"Linux"
],
"product": "PingFederate",
"vendor": "Ping Identity",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "12.2.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.2.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "12.1.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.1.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "12.0.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "11.3.13",
"status": "affected",
"version": "11.3.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "PingFederate OAuth2 grant duplication in PostgreSQL persistent storage allows OAuth2 requests to use excessive memory utilization."
}
],
"value": "PingFederate OAuth2 grant duplication in PostgreSQL persistent storage allows OAuth2 requests to use excessive memory utilization."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-130",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "YES",
"Recovery": "AUTOMATIC",
"Safety": "PRESENT",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 2.1,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "AMBER",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/S:P/AU:Y/R:A/RE:L/U:Amber",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "LOW"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-462",
"description": "CWE-462 Duplicate Key in Associative List",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-06-15T14:25:39.067Z",
"orgId": "5998a2e9-ae88-42cd-b6e0-7564fd979f9e",
"shortName": "Ping Identity"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"mitigation"
],
"url": "https://support.pingidentity.com/s/article/PingFederate-grant-attribute-duplication-with-PostgreSQL"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.pingidentity.com/en/resources/downloads/pingfederate.html"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "PingFederate OAuth Grant attribute duplication may use excessive memory",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Configuration options to mitigate:\u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eMinimum Interval to Roll Refresh Tokens\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eRefresh Token Rolling Grace Period (Seconds)\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Configuration options to mitigate:\n * Minimum Interval to Roll Refresh Tokens\n * Refresh Token Rolling Grace Period (Seconds)"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "5998a2e9-ae88-42cd-b6e0-7564fd979f9e",
"assignerShortName": "Ping Identity",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-21085",
"datePublished": "2025-06-15T14:25:39.067Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T01:21:55.198Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T18:08:20.514Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use a hash table instead of an alist.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an alist which checks the uniqueness of hash keys with each entry before inserting the entry.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.