CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2023-40598 (GCVE-0-2023-40598)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-30 16:19 – Updated: 2025-02-28 11:03
VLAI
Title
Command Injection in Splunk Enterprise Using External Lookups
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 8.2.12, 9.0.6, and 9.1.1, an attacker can create an external lookup that calls a legacy internal function. The attacker can use this internal function to insert code into the Splunk platform installation directory. From there, a user can execute arbitrary code on the Splunk platform Instance.
Severity
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - The software constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Splunk | Splunk Enterprise |
Affected:
8.2 , < 8.2.12
(custom)
Affected: 9.0 , < 9.0.6 (custom) Affected: 9.1 , < 9.1.1 (custom) |
|
| Splunk | Splunk Cloud |
Affected:
- , < 9.0.2305.200
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-08-30 00:00
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CVE-2023-41029 (GCVE-0-2023-41029)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-22 16:07 – Updated: 2024-09-24 18:05
VLAI
Title
Juplink RX4-1500 Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
Command injection vulnerability in the homemng.htm endpoint in Juplink RX4-1500 Wifi router firmware versions V1.0.2, V1.0.3, V1.0.4, and V1.0.5 allows authenticated remote attackers to execute commands as root via specially crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-09-18 07:20
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CVE-2023-41031 (GCVE-0-2023-41031)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-22 16:07 – Updated: 2024-09-24 18:03
VLAI
Title
Juplink RX4-1500 homemng.htm Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
Command injection in homemng.htm in Juplink RX4-1500 versions V1.0.2, V1.0.3, V1.0.4, and V1.0.5 allows remote authenticated attackers to execute commands via specially crafted requests to the vulnerable endpoint.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-09-18 07:25
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CVE-2023-4120 (GCVE-0-2023-4120)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-03 09:00 – Updated: 2024-10-15 20:13
VLAI
Title
Byzoro Smart S85F Management Platform importhtml.php command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Byzoro Smart S85F Management Platform up to 20230722 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file importhtml.php. The manipulation of the argument sql leads to command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-235967. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.235967 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.235967 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.185751 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/RCEraser/cve/blob/main/rce.md | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Byzoro | Smart S85F Management Platform |
Affected:
20230722
|
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CVE-2023-41281 (GCVE-0-2023-41281)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:04 – Updated: 2025-05-15 19:49
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-41282 (GCVE-0-2023-41282)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:04 – Updated: 2025-05-07 20:08
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2023-41283 (GCVE-0-2023-41283)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:04 – Updated: 2024-09-06 17:42
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
|
| qnap | qts |
Affected:
5.1.0 , < 5.1.4.2596_build 20231128
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| qnap | quts_hero |
Affected:
5.1.0 , < 5.1.4.2596_build 20231128
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| qnap | qutscloud |
Affected:
5.0.0 , < 5.1.5.2651
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qutscloud:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2023-41334 (GCVE-0-2023-41334)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-18 18:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:01
VLAI
Title
astropy vulnerable to RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function
Summary
Astropy is a project for astronomy in Python that fosters interoperability between Python astronomy packages. Version 5.3.2 of the Astropy core package is vulnerable to remote code execution due to improper input validation in the `TranformGraph().to_dot_graph` function. A malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to the `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`. Although an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully. Version 5.3.3 fixes this issue.
Severity
8.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d9880… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
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|---|---|---|---|
| astropy | astropy |
Affected:
= 5.3.2
|
|
| astropy_project | astropy |
Affected:
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cpe:2.3:a:astropy_project:astropy:5.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-42136 (GCVE-0-2023-42136)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-15 13:28 – Updated: 2024-10-10 15:35
VLAI
Summary
PAX Android based POS devices with PayDroid_8.1.0_Sagittarius_V11.1.50_20230614 or earlier can allow the execution of arbitrary commands with system account privilege by shell injection starting with a specific word.
The attacker must have shell access to the device in order to exploit this vulnerability.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://ppn.paxengine.com/release/development | vendor-advisory |
| https://blog.stmcyber.com/pax-pos-cves-2023/ | technical-description |
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/01/CVE-2023-4818/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://cert.pl/posts/2024/01/CVE-2023-4818/ | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAX Technology | POS terminals |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 11.1.50_20230614
(custom)
|
|
| paxtechnology | paydroid |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 8.1.0_sagittarius_11.1.50_20230614
(custom)
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Date Public
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CVE-2023-42810 (GCVE-0-2023-42810)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-21 17:11 – Updated: 2024-09-24 14:58
VLAI
Title
systeminformation SSID Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
systeminformation is a System Information Library for Node.JS. Versions 5.0.0 through 5.21.6 have a SSID Command Injection Vulnerability. The problem was fixed with a parameter check in version 5.21.7. As a workaround, check or sanitize parameter strings that are passed to `wifiConnections()`, `wifiNetworks()` (string only).
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
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|---|---|
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://systeminformation.io/security.html | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sebhildebrandt | systeminformation |
Affected:
>= 5.0.0, < 5.21.7
|
|
| systeminformation | systeminformation |
Affected:
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(custom)
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"id": "CVE-2023-42810",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-09-24T14:49:28.954395Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-09-24T14:58:02.906Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "systeminformation",
"vendor": "sebhildebrandt",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 5.0.0, \u003c 5.21.7"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "systeminformation is a System Information Library for Node.JS. Versions 5.0.0 through 5.21.6 have a SSID Command Injection Vulnerability. The problem was fixed with a parameter check in version 5.21.7. As a workaround, check or sanitize parameter strings that are passed to `wifiConnections()`, `wifiNetworks()` (string only)."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-77",
"description": "CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-09-21T17:11:54.756Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/security/advisories/GHSA-gx6r-qc2v-3p3v",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/security/advisories/GHSA-gx6r-qc2v-3p3v"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/commit/7972565812ccb2a610a22911c54c3446f4171392",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/commit/7972565812ccb2a610a22911c54c3446f4171392"
},
{
"name": "https://systeminformation.io/security.html",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://systeminformation.io/security.html"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-gx6r-qc2v-3p3v",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "systeminformation SSID Command Injection Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-42810",
"datePublished": "2023-09-21T17:11:54.756Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-09-14T16:13:33.307Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-09-24T14:58:02.906Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.