CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2023-34232 (GCVE-0-2023-34232)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-08 20:17 – Updated: 2025-01-06 20:19
VLAI
Title
Snowflake NodeJS Driver vulnerable to Command Injection
Summary
snowflake-connector-nodejs, a NodeJS driver for Snowflake, is vulnerable to command injection via single sign on (SSO) browser URL authentication in versions prior to 1.6.21. In order to exploit the potential for command injection, an attacker would need to be successful in (1) establishing a malicious resource and (2) redirecting users to utilize the resource. The attacker could set up a malicious, publicly accessible server which responds to the SSO URL with an attack payload. If the attacker then tricked a user into visiting the maliciously crafted connection URL, the user’s local machine would render the malicious payload, leading to a remote code execution. This attack scenario can be mitigated through URL whitelisting as well as common anti-phishing resources. Version 1.6.21 contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://community.snowflake.com/s/article/Node-js… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| snowflakedb | snowflake-connector-nodejs |
Affected:
< 1.6.21
|
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CVE-2023-34233 (GCVE-0-2023-34233)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-08 20:22 – Updated: 2025-01-06 19:38
VLAI
Title
Snowflake Python Connector vulnerable to Command Injection
Summary
The Snowflake Connector for Python provides an interface for developing Python applications that can connect to Snowflake and perform all standard operations. Versions prior to 3.0.2 are vulnerable to command injection via single sign-on(SSO) browser URL authentication. In order to exploit the potential for command injection, an attacker would need to be successful in (1) establishing a malicious resource and (2) redirecting users to utilize the resource. The attacker could set up a malicious, publicly accessible server which responds to the SSO URL with an attack payload. If the attacker then tricked a user into visiting the maliciously crafted connection URL, the user’s local machine would render the malicious payload, leading to a remote code execution. This attack scenario can be mitigated through URL whitelisting as well as common anti-phishing resources. Version 3.0.2 contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
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Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowflake-connecto… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| snowflakedb | snowflake-connector-python |
Affected:
< 3.0.2
|
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CVE-2023-35390 (GCVE-0-2023-35390)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-08 17:08 – Updated: 2025-01-01 01:59
VLAI
Title
.NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
.NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | x_transferred |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | x_transferred |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.2 |
Affected:
17.2.0 , < 17.2.18
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.4 |
Affected:
17.4.0 , < 17.4.10
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6 |
Affected:
17.6.0 , < 17.6.6
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | .NET 6.0 |
Affected:
6.0.0 , < 6.0.21
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | .NET 7.0 |
Affected:
7.0.0 , < 7.0.10
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-08-08 07:00
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CVE-2023-35932 (GCVE-0-2023-35932)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-23 21:05 – Updated: 2024-11-27 20:01
VLAI
Title
jcvi vulnerable to Configuration Injection due to unsanitized user input
Summary
jcvi is a Python library to facilitate genome assembly, annotation, and comparative genomics. A configuration injection happens when user input is considered by the application in an unsanitized format and can reach the configuration file. A malicious user may craft a special payload that may lead to a command injection. The impact of a configuration injection may vary. Under some conditions, it may lead to command injection if there is for instance shell code execution from the configuration file values. This vulnerability does not currently have a fix.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tanghaibao/jcvi/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tanghaibao/jcvi/blob/cede6c65c… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tanghaibao | jcvi |
Affected:
<= 1.3.5
|
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CVE-2023-36414 (GCVE-0-2023-36414)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-10 17:08 – Updated: 2025-04-14 22:46
VLAI
Title
Azure Identity SDK Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure Identity SDK Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure Identity SDK for .NET |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.10.2
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-10-10 07:00
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CVE-2023-36415 (GCVE-0-2023-36415)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-10 17:08 – Updated: 2025-04-14 22:46
VLAI
Title
Azure Identity SDK Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure Identity SDK Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure Identity SDK for Java |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.10.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Azure Identity SDK for Python |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.14.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Azure Identity SDK for .NET |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.10.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Azure Identity SDK for JavaScript |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 3.3.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2023-10-10 07:00
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CVE-2023-36457 (GCVE-0-2023-36457)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-05 20:57 – Updated: 2024-10-18 19:33
VLAI
Title
1Panel vulnerable to command injection when adding container repositories
Summary
1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. Prior to version 1.3.6, an authenticated attacker can craft a malicious payload to achieve command injection when adding container repositories. The vulnerability has been fixed in v1.3.6.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Panel-dev | 1Panel |
Affected:
< 1.3.6
|
|
| fit2cloud | 1panel |
Affected:
0 , < 1.3.6
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:fit2cloud:1panel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-36458 (GCVE-0-2023-36458)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-05 20:57 – Updated: 2024-10-18 19:36
VLAI
Title
1Panel vulnerable to ommand injection when entering the container terminal
Summary
1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. Prior to version 1.3.6, an authenticated attacker can craft a malicious payloads to achieve command injection when entering the container terminal. The vulnerability has been fixed in v1.3.6.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Panel-dev | 1Panel |
Affected:
, 1.3.6
|
|
| fit2cloud | 1panel |
Affected:
0 , < 1.3.6
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:fit2cloud:1panel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-36642 (GCVE-0-2023-36642)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-13 12:29 – Updated: 2024-09-25 17:33
VLAI
Summary
An improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerability [CWE-78] in the management interface of FortiTester 3.0.0 through 7.2.3 may allow an authenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands via specifically crafted arguments to existing commands.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiTester |
Affected:
7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.3
(semver)
Affected: 7.1.0 , ≤ 7.1.1 (semver) Affected: 7.0.0 Affected: 4.2.0 , ≤ 4.2.1 (semver) Affected: 4.1.0 , ≤ 4.1.1 (semver) Affected: 4.0.0 Affected: 3.9.0 , ≤ 3.9.2 (semver) Affected: 3.8.0 Affected: 3.7.0 , ≤ 3.7.1 (semver) Affected: 3.6.0 Affected: 3.5.0 , ≤ 3.5.1 (semver) Affected: 3.4.0 Affected: 3.3.0 , ≤ 3.3.1 (semver) Affected: 3.2.0 Affected: 3.1.0 Affected: 3.0.0 |
|
| fortinet | fortitester |
Affected:
3.0.0 , ≤ 7.2.3
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortitester:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-36750 (GCVE-0-2023-36750)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-11 09:07 – Updated: 2024-11-26 18:40
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 (All versions < V2.16.0). The software-upgrade Url parameter in the web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to command injection due to missing server side input sanitation. This could allow an authenticated privileged remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
22 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.16.0
|
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_mx5000 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_mx5000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_mx5000re |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_mx5000re:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1400 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1400:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1500 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1501 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1501:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1510 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1511 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1511:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1512 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1512:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1524 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1524:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx1536 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx1536:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| siemens | ruggedcom_rox_rx5000 |
Affected:
0 , < 2.16.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx5000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"versionType": "custom"
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]
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:h:siemens:ruggedcom_rox_rx5000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "ruggedcom_rox_rx5000",
"vendor": "siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.16.0",
"status": "affected",
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]
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],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2023-36750",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-11-26T18:35:58.218652Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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"type": "ssvc"
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-26T18:40:24.816Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions \u003c V2.16.0"
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 (All versions \u003c V2.16.0). The software-upgrade Url parameter in the web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to command injection due to missing server side input sanitation. This could allow an authenticated privileged remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 9.1,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-77",
"description": "CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-07-11T09:07:16.822Z",
"orgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"shortName": "siemens"
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"references": [
{
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-146325.pdf"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"assignerShortName": "siemens",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-36750",
"datePublished": "2023-07-11T09:07:16.822Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-06-27T11:37:08.703Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-26T18:40:24.816Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.