CWE-98

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.

CVE-2025-10269 (GCVE-0-2025-10269)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-12 02:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:46

Title

Spirit Framework <= 1.2.13 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Local File Inclusion

Summary

The Spirit Framework plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.13. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Theme-Spirit	Spirit Framework	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.13 (semver)

Credits

Bonds

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11023 (GCVE-0-2025-11023)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 12:32 – Updated: 2026-06-04 19:49

Title

Local File Inclusion in ArkSigner's AcBakImzala

Summary

Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere, Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ArkSigner Software and Hardware Inc. AcBakImzala allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects AcBakImzala: before v5.1.4.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

TR-CERT

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0356	government-resourcebroken-link
https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler…	government-resource

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ArkSigner Software and Hardware Inc.	AcBakImzala	Affected: 0 , < v5.1.4 (custom)

Date Public

2025-10-23 12:32

Credits

Barış BAYDUR Emir KARATAŞ

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11704 (GCVE-0-2025-11704)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 04:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:11

Title

Elegance Menu <= 1.9 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion

Summary

The Elegance Menu plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.9 via the 'elegance-menu' attribute of the `elegance-menu` shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/elegan…
https://wordpress.org/plugins/elegance-menu
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3409312/

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
impacttechlab	Elegance Menu	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.9 (semver)

Credits

Djaidja Moundjid

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11722 (GCVE-0-2025-11722)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 08:25 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:53

Title

Category and Products Accordion Panel <= 1.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion

Summary

The Woocommerce Category and Products Accordion Panel plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.0 via the 'categoryaccordionpanel' shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/accord…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/accord…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ikhodal	Woocommerce Category and Products Accordion Panel	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.0 (semver)

Credits

Muhammad Yudha - DJ

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-11920 (GCVE-0-2025-11920)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-01 01:47 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:49

Title

WPCOM Member <= 1.7.14 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via Shortcode

Summary

The WPCOM Member plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.14 via the action parameter in one of its shortcodes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpcom-…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpcom-…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpcom-…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3385…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
whyun	WPCOM Member	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.7.14 (semver)

Credits

Naoya Takahashi

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12497 (GCVE-0-2025-12497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-05 11:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:52

Title

Premium Portfolio Features for Phlox theme <= 2.3.10 - Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion via args[extra_template_path]

Summary

The Premium Portfolio Features for Phlox theme plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.3.10 via the 'args[extra_template_path]' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3388…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
averta	Premium Portfolio Features for Phlox theme	Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.3.10 (semver)

Credits

LionTree

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12549 (GCVE-0-2025-12549)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-08 09:17 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10

Title

WordPress Rozy - Flower Shop theme <= 1.2.25 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability

Summary

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in magentech Rozy - Flower Shop rozy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Rozy - Flower Shop: from n/a through <= 1.2.25.

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Patchstack

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/r…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
magentech	Rozy - Flower Shop	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.25 (custom)

Date Public

2026-04-22 14:22

Credits

Tran Nguyen Bao Khanh (VCI - VNPT Cyber Immunity) | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12550 (GCVE-0-2025-12550)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-08 09:17 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10

Title

WordPress OchaHouse theme <= 2.2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability

Summary

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in jwsthemes OchaHouse ochahouse allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects OchaHouse: from n/a through <= 2.2.8.

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Patchstack

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/o…	vdb-entry

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jwsthemes	OchaHouse	Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.2.8 (custom)

Date Public

2026-04-22 14:22

Credits

Tran Nguyen Bao Khanh (VCI - VNPT Cyber Immunity) | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-12851 (GCVE-0-2025-12851)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 09:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:41

Title

My auctions allegro <= 3.6.32 - Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion via controller

Summary

The My auctions allegro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 3.6.32 via the 'controller' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3402…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
wphocus	My auctions allegro	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.6.32 (semver)

Credits

M Indra Purnama

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-13088 (GCVE-0-2025-13088)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 08:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:20

Title

Category and Product Woocommerce Tabs <= 1.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion

Summary

The Category and Product Woocommerce Tabs plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.0. This is due to insufficient input validation on the 'template' parameter in the categoryProductTab() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')

Assigner

Wordfence

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/catego…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ikhodal	Category and Product Woocommerce Tabs	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.0 (semver)

Credits

Muhammad Yudha - DJ

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.

Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

Mitigation ID: MIT-17

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.

Mitigation ID: MIT-34

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.

Mitigation ID: MIT-6

Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.

Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Develop and run your code in the most recent versions of PHP available, preferably PHP 6 or later. Many of the highly risky features in earlier PHP interpreters have been removed, restricted, or disabled by default.

Mitigation ID: MIT-16

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
Often, programmers do not protect direct access to files intended only to be included by core programs. These include files may assume that critical variables have already been initialized by the calling program. As a result, the use of register_globals combined with the ability to directly access the include file may allow attackers to conduct file inclusion attacks. This remains an extremely common pattern as of 2009.

Mitigation

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

Set allow_url_fopen to false, which limits the ability to include files from remote locations.

CAPEC-193: PHP Remote File Inclusion

In this pattern the adversary is able to load and execute arbitrary code remotely available from the application. This is usually accomplished through an insecurely configured PHP runtime environment and an improperly sanitized "include" or "require" call, which the user can then control to point to any web-accessible file. This allows adversaries to hijack the targeted application and force it to execute their own instructions.

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