CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
452 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9QMV-39GP-VCQ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05In onCreate of WifiScanModeActivity.java, there is a possible way to enable Wi-Fi scanning without user consent due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-174047492
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-21T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of WifiScanModeActivity.java, there is a possible way to enable Wi-Fi scanning without user consent due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-174047492",
"id": "GHSA-9qmv-39gp-vcq7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9R9V-644H-2P8G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 03:30 – Updated: 2025-02-11 03:30SAP Commerce (Backoffice) uses the deprecated X-FRAME-OPTIONS header to protect against clickjacking. While this protection remains effective now, it may not be the case in the future as browsers might discontinue support for this header in favor of the frame-ancestors CSP directive. Hence, clickjacking could become possible then, and lead to exposure and modification of sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24874"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T01:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP Commerce (Backoffice) uses the deprecated X-FRAME-OPTIONS header to protect against clickjacking. While this protection remains effective now, it may not be the case in the future as browsers might discontinue support for this header in favor of the frame-ancestors CSP directive. Hence, clickjacking could become possible then, and lead to exposure and modification of sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-9r9v-644h-2p8g",
"modified": "2025-02-11T03:30:56Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T03:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3559510"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9V8P-C94C-Q287
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:08 – Updated: 2022-12-13 18:30A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (all versions < 5.2.4), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions), SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (all versions < 4.1.3). The device does not send the X-Frame-Option Header in the administrative web interface, which makes it vulnerable to Clickjacking attacks. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker that is able to trick an administrative user with a valid session on the target device into clicking on a website controlled by the attacker. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to perform administrative actions via the web interface. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13924"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-693"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-02-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (all versions \u003c 5.2.4), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions), SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (all versions \u003c 4.1.3). The device does not send the X-Frame-Option Header in the administrative web interface, which makes it vulnerable to Clickjacking attacks. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker that is able to trick an administrative user with a valid session on the target device into clicking on a website controlled by the attacker. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to perform administrative actions via the web interface. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.",
"id": "GHSA-9v8p-c94c-q287",
"modified": "2022-12-13T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:08:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13924"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-951513.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-042-07"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9VC6-7G98-392V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41In onCreate of NotificationAccessConfirmationActivity.java, there is a possible overlay attack due to an insecure default value. This could lead to local escalation of privilege and notification access with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-9 Android-10 Android-11 Android-8.1Android ID: A-170731783
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of NotificationAccessConfirmationActivity.java, there is a possible overlay attack due to an insecure default value. This could lead to local escalation of privilege and notification access with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-9 Android-10 Android-11 Android-8.1Android ID: A-170731783",
"id": "GHSA-9vc6-7g98-392v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-02-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9WR3-QGP9-CHGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-18 06:30 – Updated: 2025-08-18 06:30Affected is an unknown function of the component Login Page. The manipulation leads to improper restriction of rendered ui layers. It is possible to launch the attack remotely.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9108"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-18T06:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Affected is an unknown function of the component Login Page. The manipulation leads to improper restriction of rendered ui layers. It is possible to launch the attack remotely.",
"id": "GHSA-9wr3-qgp9-chgr",
"modified": "2025-08-18T06:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-08-18T06:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.320430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.627923"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WXW-F5FM-CF3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 00:00Through a series of navigations, Firefox could have entered fullscreen mode without notification or warning to the user. This could lead to spoofing attacks on the browser UI including phishing. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 94, Thunderbird < 91.3, and Firefox ESR < 91.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38506"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Through a series of navigations, Firefox could have entered fullscreen mode without notification or warning to the user. This could lead to spoofing attacks on the browser UI including phishing. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 94, Thunderbird \u003c 91.3, and Firefox ESR \u003c 91.3.",
"id": "GHSA-9wxw-f5fm-cf3j",
"modified": "2022-08-11T00:00:27Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38506"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1730750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/12/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/01/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202202-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C2CX-322M-JMV2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05In onCreate of WiFiInstaller.java, there is a possible way to install a malicious Hotspot 2.0 configuration due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-176756141
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0537"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-22T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of WiFiInstaller.java, there is a possible way to install a malicious Hotspot 2.0 configuration due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-176756141",
"id": "GHSA-c2cx-322m-jmv2",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C4X5-WM4G-3CX9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-04 03:30 – Updated: 2025-04-04 03:30Improper restriction of rendered UI layers or frames issue exists in HMI ViewJet C-more series, which may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to trick the product user to perform operations on the product's web pages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-04T02:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper restriction of rendered UI layers or frames issue exists in HMI ViewJet C-more series, which may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to trick the product user to perform operations on the product\u0027s web pages.",
"id": "GHSA-c4x5-wm4g-3cx9",
"modified": "2025-04-04T03:30:20Z",
"published": "2025-04-04T03:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN17260367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.electronics.jtekt.co.jp/en/topics/202503207271"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C7P8-VCCH-9RF2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23Mozilla Firefox before 26.0 and SeaMonkey before 2.23 do not properly consider the sandbox attribute of an IFRAME element during processing of a contained OBJECT element, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended sandbox restrictions via a crafted web site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-5614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-12-11T15:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Mozilla Firefox before 26.0 and SeaMonkey before 2.23 do not properly consider the sandbox attribute of an IFRAME element during processing of a contained OBJECT element, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended sandbox restrictions via a crafted web site.",
"id": "GHSA-c7p8-vcch-9rf2",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-5614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=886262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201504-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2013-December/123437.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2013-December/124257.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2013-12/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2013-12/msg00085.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2013-12/msg00086.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2013-12/msg00087.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2014-01/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-1812.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2013/mfsa2013-107.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinapr2016-2952098.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2052-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CCM7-X3QR-C5MR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38Insufficient data validation in sharing in Google Chrome prior to 87.0.4280.66 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-16032"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-08T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient data validation in sharing in Google Chrome prior to 87.0.4280.66 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-ccm7-x3qr-c5mr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-16032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/11/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_17.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1136714"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.