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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-117

Allowed

Improper Output Neutralization for Logs

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs a log message from external input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements when the message is written to a log file.

225 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-15603 (GCVE-0-2026-15603)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 13:41 – Updated: 2026-08-28 18:23
VLAI
Title
morgan vulnerable to Log Forging via unescaped Unicode line separators
Summary
morgan is an HTTP request logger middleware for Node.js. In versions prior to 1.12.0, the internal helper that escapes log token values did not neutralize the Unicode line separator characters U+0085 (Next Line), U+2028 (Line Separator), and U+2029 (Paragraph Separator). An unauthenticated remote client can place these characters in an attacker-controlled log token, for example a Basic auth username surfaced through the remote-user token, so that Unicode-aware downstream log processing splits a single request log into multiple logical records. This is a log forging issue (CWE-117) and an incomplete-fix follow-up to CVE-2026-5078, which only addressed ASCII control characters. The issue is fixed in morgan 1.12.0, which extends the escaping set to cover these Unicode line separators. Upgrade to morgan 1.12.0 to remediate.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 18:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
morgan morgan Affected: 0 , < 1.12.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
mfazrinizar UlisesGascon jonchurch bjohansebas iaohkut-from-NightWolf-Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-14350 (GCVE-0-2026-14350)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 16:44 – Updated: 2026-09-04 17:26
VLAI
Title
Vulnerabilities exists in IBM Cloud Pak for Data System
Summary
IBM Cloud Pak for Data System 11.3.0.2 through Interim Fix 001 could allow an unauthorized user to inject data into log messages due to improper neutralization of special elements when written to log files.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 17:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286036 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Cloud Pak for Data System Affected: 11.3.0.2 , ≤ Interim Fix 001 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_data_system:11.3.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_data_system:interim:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-12616 (GCVE-0-2026-12616)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-29 13:23 – Updated: 2026-06-29 13:51
VLAI
Summary
The /v1/upload/sbom endpoint extracts the iss claim from the attacker-supplied JWT with signature verification disabled, then interpolates that string into three log statements before any validation gate. Because the configured log format ("%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") renders newlines literally, an unauthenticated attacker can forge log records that are byte-for-byte indistinguishable from PIA's genuine "Successfully authenticated project" message. PIA is an authentication broker whose logs are explicitly relied upon for incident response (DESIGN.md §5.4 lists "Token verifications" and "Errors" as events to log), so the ability to plant fake auth-success entries directly undermines the audit trail the service exists to produce.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-29 13:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper output neutralization for logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Eclipse Foundation Eclipse CSI - PIA Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.2.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-10745 (GCVE-0-2026-10745)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 08:04 – Updated: 2026-06-24 12:02
VLAI
Summary
Improper output neutralization for logs vulnerability in upKeeper Solutions upKeeper Instant Privilege Access on Windows allows Log Injection-Tampering-Forging. This issue affects upKeeper Instant Privilege Access: through 1.6.1.
Severity
7.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-24 12:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper output neutralization for logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-9736 (GCVE-0-2026-9736)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 20:42 – Updated: 2026-09-05 02:18
VLAI
Title
Vulnerabilities exists in IBM Netezza Software
Summary
IBM Netezza Software 11.3.0.3 through Interim Fix 002 could allow an unauthorized user to inject data into log messages due to improper neutralization of special elements when written to log files.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-05 02:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7284359 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Netezza Software Affected: 11.3.0.3 , ≤ Interim Fix 002 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:netezza_software:11.3.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:netezza_software:interim:interim_fix_002:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-9016 (GCVE-0-2026-9016)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-06 04:28 – Updated: 2026-06-06 11:41
VLAI
Title
Debug Log Manager <= 2.5.0 - Unauthenticated Improper Output Neutralization for Logs via log_js_errors AJAX Action
Summary
The Debug Log Manager – Conveniently Monitor and Inspect Errors plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Improper Output Neutralization for Logs in all versions up to, and including, 2.5.0. This is due to the `log_js_errors()` AJAX handler being registered for unauthenticated users via `wp_ajax_nopriv_log_js_errors` and gated only by a nonce that is publicly disclosed in every front-end page's HTML through `wp_localize_script()` whenever JavaScript error logging is enabled, providing no real authorization barrier. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary forged entries into the site's WordPress debug log by supplying attacker-controlled values for the `message`, `script`, `lineNo`, `columnNo`, and `pageUrl` fields — enabling spoofing of error and incident records, obscuring malicious activity within fabricated log noise, and misleading administrators who rely on the log for triage. This vulnerability is only exploitable when the plugin's JavaScript error logging feature is enabled, as the requisite nonce is only published into the page HTML under that condition.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-06 11:33 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Endang Alfarisi
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-6494 (GCVE-0-2026-6494)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 08:18 – Updated: 2026-04-18 02:53
VLAI
Title
Aap-mcp-server: aap mcp server: log injection allows social engineering attacks via unsanitized input
Summary
A flaw was found in the AAP MCP server. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit a log injection vulnerability by sending specially crafted input to the `toolsetroute` parameter. This parameter is not properly sanitized before being written to logs, allowing the attacker to inject control characters such as newlines and ANSI escape sequences. This enables the attacker to obscure legitimate log entries and insert forged ones, which could facilitate social engineering attacks, potentially leading to an operator executing dangerous commands or visiting malicious URLs.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-18 02:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6494 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459131 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Red Hat Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2     cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-17 00:00
Credits
This issue was discovered by Melissa Ing, Oleg Sushchenko, Jon Weiser (Red Hat).
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-5078 (GCVE-0-2026-5078)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-03 05:56 – Updated: 2026-06-03 13:19
VLAI
Title
morgan vulnerable to Log Forging via unneutralized control characters in :remote-user
Summary
Impact: The morgan logging middleware's :remote-user token extracts the Basic auth username from the Authorization request header and writes it to the log stream without neutralizing control characters. An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted Authorization Basic header containing CR or LF bytes to inject forged log lines, breaking the one-request-per-line structure of access logs and enabling log forgery against downstream log consumers. The built-in combined, common, default, and short formats are affected, as well as any custom format that references :remote-user. Affected versions: morgan 1.2.0 through 1.10.1. Patches: upgrade to morgan 1.11.0, which neutralizes control characters in the :remote-user token output. Workarounds: use a custom format string that does not include :remote-user.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-03 13:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
morgan morgan Affected: 1.2.0 , ≤ 1.10.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.11.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Yuki Matsuhashi Ulises Gascón Jon Church
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-1337 (GCVE-0-2026-1337)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-06 13:13 – Updated: 2026-02-06 14:30
VLAI
Title
Insufficient escaping of unicode characters in query log
Summary
Insufficient escaping of unicode characters in query log in Neo4j Enterprise and Community editions prior to 2026.01 can lead to XSS if the user opens the logs in a tool that treats them as HTML. There is no security impact on Neo4j products, but this advisory is released as a precaution to treat the logs as plain text if using versions prior to 2026.01. Proof of concept exploit:  https://github.com/JoakimBulow/CVE-2026-1337
Severity
1.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-06 14:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
neo4j Enterprise Edition Affected: 0 , < 2026.01.0 (date)
Create a notification for this product.
neo4j Community Edition Affected: 0 , < 2026.01.0 (date)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Joakim Bülow
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-66577 (GCVE-0-2025-66577)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 18:20 – Updated: 2025-12-05 18:29
VLAI
Title
cpp-httplib Untrusted HTTP Header Handling: X-Forwarded-For/X-Real-IP Trust
Summary
cpp-httplib is a C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library. Prior to 0.27.0, a vulnerability allows attacker-controlled HTTP headers to influence server-visible metadata, logging, and authorization decisions. An attacker can supply X-Forwarded-For or X-Real-IP headers which get accepted unconditionally by get_client_ip() in docker/main.cc, causing access and error logs (nginx_access_logger / nginx_error_logger) to record spoofed client IPs (log poisoning / audit evasion). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.27.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-05 18:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  • CWE-807 - Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
yhirose cpp-httplib Affected: < 0.27.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-30
Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.

Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

CAPEC-268: Audit Log Manipulation

The attacker injects, manipulates, deletes, or forges malicious log entries into the log file, in an attempt to mislead an audit of the log file or cover tracks of an attack. Due to either insufficient access controls of the log files or the logging mechanism, the attacker is able to perform such actions.

CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering

Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.

CAPEC-93: Log Injection-Tampering-Forging

This attack targets the log files of the target host. The attacker injects, manipulates or forges malicious log entries in the log file, allowing them to mislead a log audit, cover traces of attack, or perform other malicious actions. The target host is not properly controlling log access. As a result tainted data is resulting in the log files leading to a failure in accountability, non-repudiation and incident forensics capability.

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