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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-117

Allowed

Improper Output Neutralization for Logs

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs a log message from external input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements when the message is written to a log file.

225 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-87859 (GCVE-0-2026-87859)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-11 09:15 – Updated: 2026-09-11 11:32
VLAI
Title
morgan vulnerable to Log Injection via unescaped double quote in quoted log fields
Summary
morgan is an HTTP request logger middleware for Node.js. In versions before 1.12.1, its escapeLogField() function does not escape the double quote character, which delimits the quoted fields of the Apache combined log format that morgan emits. An unauthenticated remote attacker who controls a value written to a quoted field, such as the User-Agent or Referer header, can include a double quote to close that field early, so a log consumer that parses the log by field position reads attacker-supplied text as the following field. In the built-in formats this makes the recorded value differ from the value that was sent, and in custom formats that quote an attacker-controlled token before a server-controlled one it can forge values such as the response status. No newline is injected, so record separation stays intact. The issue is fixed in morgan 1.12.1, which escapes the double quote. Users should upgrade to morgan 1.12.1 or later.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 11:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
morgan morgan Affected: 0 , < 1.12.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.12.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-84501 (GCVE-0-2026-84501)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 09:28 – Updated: 2026-09-16 19:43
VLAI
Title
Apache ZooKeeper: Operational log forgery via newline injection in EnsembleAuthenticationProvider
Summary
An unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary fake log lines into Apache ZooKeeper's operational log by sending a crafted add_auth("ensemble", ...) request containing newline characters (\n). When the ensemble name doesn't match, EnsembleAuthenticationProvider.handleAuthentication() logs the raw, unsanitized name via LOG.warn(). Because SLF4J's {} placeholder preserves embedded newlines, the attacker can forge complete log entries — with arbitrary timestamps, log levels, class names, and messages — that are visually indistinguishable from genuine ZooKeeper log output. This issue affects Apache ZooKeeper: from 3.9.0 through 3.9.5, from 3.8.0 through 3.8.6. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.7 or 3.9.6, which fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-16 19:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper output neutralization for logs
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache ZooKeeper Affected: 3.9.0 , ≤ 3.9.5 (maven)
Affected: 3.8.0 , ≤ 3.8.6 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-84439 (GCVE-0-2026-84439)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 09:27 – Updated: 2026-09-16 10:12
VLAI
Title
Apache ZooKeeper: Audit log injection via unsanitized output from multiple sources
Summary
When audit logging is enabled (zookeeper.audit.enable=true), an unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary fields into Apache ZooKeeper's audit log by sending a digest authentication request with tab characters (\t) embedded in the username. Because the audit log uses tab-separated key=value format, the injected tabs are parsed as legitimate field separators, allowing the attacker to spoof audit results (e.g., injecting result=success), forge operation types, and corrupt forensic evidence. A log injection vulnerability in Apache ZooKeeper allows a client that can call setACL to inject forged key-value fields into zookeeper_audit.log. When audit logging is enabled, the server serializes attacker-controlled digest ACL ids into the acl= audit field without escaping tab characters. Because audit events are emitted as tab-separated key=value records, a crafted ACL id can make one successful setAcl event appear to contain forged fields such as operation=delete and znode=/forged. This undermines the integrity of downstream audit parsing, alerting, and incident response. This issue affects Apache ZooKeeper: from 3.9.0 through 3.9.5, from 3.8.0 through 3.8.6. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.6 or 3.8.7, which fixes the issue.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper output neutralization for logs
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache ZooKeeper Affected: 3.9.0 , ≤ 3.9.5 (maven)
Affected: 3.8.0 , ≤ 3.8.6 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-81696 (GCVE-0-2026-81696)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:50 – Updated: 2026-08-27 17:42
VLAI
Title
openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 Terminal Injection via info Command
Summary
openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.9 fail to sanitize terminal control characters in file metadata printed by the info command. Attackers can craft malicious files containing escape sequences to repaint terminal output and forge verification information displayed to users.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 17:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jahlives openssl_encrypt Affected: 0 , < 1.4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.4.9 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-81695 (GCVE-0-2026-81695)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:50 – Updated: 2026-08-27 19:26
VLAI
Title
openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 Terminal Injection via key_id
Summary
openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.9 fail to escape attacker-controlled key_id values printed to stderr during decrypt auto-detection. Attackers can craft encrypted files with malicious key_id containing escape sequences to repaint terminal output and forge authenticity verification blocks.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 19:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jahlives openssl_encrypt Affected: 0 , < 1.4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.4.9 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-81694 (GCVE-0-2026-81694)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:50 – Updated: 2026-08-28 15:59
VLAI
Title
verify-usb before 1.4.9 Output Injection via Unsanitized Filenames
Summary
openssl-encrypt (pip package, versions <= 1.4.8) fails to sanitize filenames read from untrusted drive data (outside the AES-GCM authenticated manifest) before printing them in the verify-usb command's output. An attacker can plant filenames containing terminal cursor-movement and erase-line control bytes that repaint a forged PASSED verdict on screen, masking actual tamper detection. Fixed in 1.4.9 by routing drive-derived names through sanitize_for_display().
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 18:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jahlives openssl_encrypt Affected: 0 , < 1.4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.4.9 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-74885 (GCVE-0-2026-74885)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 11:04 – Updated: 2026-08-17 14:42
VLAI
Title
openssl_encrypt before 1.4.0 Logging Bug and Race Condition
Summary
openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.0 contain a logging bug in restore_hidden_modules() that logs module counts after clearing, always showing zero restored modules and corrupting audit trails. Additionally, a race condition exists between module hiding and import hook installation where another thread could re-import blocked modules in multi-threaded environments.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 14:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jahlives openssl_encrypt Affected: 0 , < 1.4.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.4.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-10 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-62948 (GCVE-0-2026-62948)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 17:50 – Updated: 2026-07-15 18:08
VLAI
Title
OpenWrt odhcpd/LuCI: unauthenticated DHCPv6 client can inject lease-file lines via FQDN hostname → stored XSS in the LuCI admin UI
Summary
OpenWrt is a Linux operating system targeting embedded devices. Prior to 25.12.5, odhcpd writes a DHCPv6 client FQDN option 39 hostname into /tmp/odhcpd.leases through src/statefiles.c statefiles_write_state6() and statefiles_write_state4() without escaping, allowing newline injection of forged lease lines that LuCI rpcd-mod-luci getDHCPLeases displays through htdocs/luci-static/resources/view/status/include/40_dhcp.js and htdocs/luci-static/resources/luci.js dom.append as live HTML in the Active DHCPv6 Leases admin page. This vulnerability is fixed in 25.12.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-15 18:08 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  • CWE-150 - Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openwrt openwrt Affected: < 25.12.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-54511 (GCVE-0-2026-54511)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 14:27 – Updated: 2026-08-27 14:33
VLAI
Title
@logtape/syslog: syslog log injection via unescaped control characters and unvalidated SD-NAME keys
Summary
LogTape is an unobtrusive logging library. Prior to 1.3.11, 2.0.14, and 2.1.5, the @logtape/syslog package's escapeStructuredDataValue() function in packages/syslog/src/syslog.ts does not neutralize C0 control characters from U+0000 through U+001F in structured data values, and formatStructuredData() inserts property keys without validating the RFC 5424 SD-NAME grammar. When includeStructuredData is true, an attacker-controlled newline can terminate an RFC 6587 non-transparent TCP syslog frame and make following bytes appear as a forged RFC 5424 record, while a key containing a closing bracket or other forbidden character can terminate or corrupt the structured-data element. Applications that forward attacker-controlled property values or keys can therefore allow forged records with arbitrary hosts, applications, process identifiers, facilities, or severity levels, undermining downstream collector and SIEM integrity. This issue is fixed in versions 1.3.11, 2.0.14, and 2.1.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 13:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
dahlia logtape Affected: < 1.3.11
Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.14
Affected: >= 2.1.0, < 2.1.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-48083 (GCVE-0-2026-48083)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 21:16 – Updated: 2026-08-08 02:42
VLAI
Title
OpenReception: Unauthenticated POST /api/log accepts arbitrary content with CRLF injection and no size or rate limits
Summary
OpenReception's appointment booking software provides an end-to-end encrypted appointment booking platform. Prior to version 1.0.2, the `/api/log` endpoint accepts unauthenticated POST requests, applies no schema validation to the message body, writes attacker-controlled content directly into the application's stdout log, interprets newline characters as real line breaks, and enforces no size or rate limits. Three independent abuse modes follow: log injection (forge log lines that look like legitimate system events), log volume DoS (saturate the logging pipeline at sustained 100+ requests per second of small messages), and oversized-payload submission (100 KB payloads accepted; larger sizes not tested). The most operationally damaging mode is log injection. An attacker can inject lines that an operator scanning logs would mistake for real system errors, mask their own activity behind fake noise, or pollute SIEM alerting rules with crafted false positives. A line such as `[error]: injected admin error` injected from an unauthenticated source is indistinguishable from the application's own error output once written to disk. Version 1.0.2 fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-08 02:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-117 - Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-30
Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.

Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

CAPEC-268: Audit Log Manipulation

The attacker injects, manipulates, deletes, or forges malicious log entries into the log file, in an attempt to mislead an audit of the log file or cover tracks of an attack. Due to either insufficient access controls of the log files or the logging mechanism, the attacker is able to perform such actions.

CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering

Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.

CAPEC-93: Log Injection-Tampering-Forging

This attack targets the log files of the target host. The attacker injects, manipulates or forges malicious log entries in the log file, allowing them to mislead a log audit, cover traces of attack, or perform other malicious actions. The target host is not properly controlling log access. As a result tainted data is resulting in the log files leading to a failure in accountability, non-repudiation and incident forensics capability.