Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11289 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-45358 (GCVE-0-2026-45358)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:26 – Updated: 2026-06-11 14:19
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick: Out-of-Bounds Read of a single byte in meta encoder
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, an off by one in the meta encoder could result in an out of bounds read of a single byte in the meta encoder. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: < 6.9.13-47
Affected: < 7.1.2-22
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-45329 (GCVE-0-2026-45329)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 00:34 – Updated: 2026-06-10 16:32
VLAI
Title
ESF-IDF: Out-of-Bounds Read in ESP-TEE Secure Service Wrappers
Summary
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.4 and 6.0, several ESP-TEE secure-service wrappers in esp_secure_services.c and esp_secure_services_iram.c validated only some of the caller-supplied pointer arguments, leaving input pointer arguments unchecked. Because the underlying TEE-protected hardware peripherals (e.g., ECC, SHA, SPI) run in RISC-V machine mode (M-mode) with full address-space access, a caller could supply pointers into TEE-exclusive memory as inputs, causing the peripheral to read TEE memory and return results derived from it to the REE. Depending on the wrapper, the result contains raw bytes from TEE memory, a computed function of TEE memory recoverable through repeated calls, or a single bit per call that forms an oracle for incremental disclosure of TEE-resident sensitive data. This issue has been patched in versions 5.5.5 and 6.0.1.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
espressif esp-idf Affected: = 6.0
Affected: = 5.5.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-45258 (GCVE-0-2026-45258)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-27 08:50 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:55
VLAI
Title
Multiple vulnerabilities in the sound(4) mmap path
Summary
dsp_mmap_single() validated the requested mapping by checking the sum of the user-supplied offset and length against the buffer size. This addition could overflow, so that a large offset and length wrapped around and passed the check. The offset was then narrowed from 64 to 32 bits when converted to a buffer address, yielding a mapping that extended past the audio buffer into unrelated kernel memory. The /dev/dsp device nodes are world-accessible by default. On a system with an audio device, either issue allows an unprivileged local user to read and write kernel memory, which can be used to escalate privileges, potentially gaining full control of the affected system. At a minimum, an attacker can crash the kernel, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-681 - Incorrect Conversion between Numeric Types
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeBSD FreeBSD Affected: 15.0-RELEASE , < p10 (release)
Affected: 14.4-RELEASE , < p6 (release)
Affected: 14.3-RELEASE , < p15 (release)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 23:30
Credits
Lexpl0it, 75Acol, ch0wn, zer0duck Emmanuel Genier from Quarkslab Hazley Samsudin of GovTech CSG
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-45160 (GCVE-0-2026-45160)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 00:26 – Updated: 2026-06-10 15:10
VLAI
Title
ESF-IDF: Out-of-bounds Read in lwIP DHCP Server Option Parser
Summary
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.2.7, 5.3.5, 5.4.4, 5.5.4, and 6.0.1, an out-of-bounds read flaw exists in the DHCP server option parser (parse_options() in components/lwip/apps/dhcpserver/dhcpserver.c) shipped with ESP-IDF's lwIP component. The parser walks the BOOTP/DHCP options field without validating that each option's length byte and declared payload length stay within the received packet buffer. A crafted DHCP request can cause the parser to read past the end of the options buffer into adjacent heap memory. The issue affects the DHCP server used by ESP-IDF's SoftAP and any configuration where the device runs as a DHCP server on a local network. This issue has been patched in versions 5.2.8, 5.3.6, 5.4.5, 5.5.5, and 6.0.2.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
espressif esp-idf Affected: = 5.2.7
Affected: = 5.3.5
Affected: = 5.4.4
Affected: = 5.5.4
Affected: = 6.0.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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CVE-2026-44822 (GCVE-0-2026-44822)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:05 – Updated: 2026-07-15 20:09
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Excel 2016 Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5556.1001 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 365 for Mac Affected: 1.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Office Online Server Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20137 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-44821 (GCVE-0-2026-44821)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:04 – Updated: 2026-07-15 20:09
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2016 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.5556.1005 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 365 for Mac Affected: 1.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.5556.1005 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20153 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft SharePoint Server Subscription Edition Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.19725.20384 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-44820 (GCVE-0-2026-44820)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:04 – Updated: 2026-07-15 20:09
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Excel 2016 Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5556.1001 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 365 for Mac Affected: 1.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.110.26061317 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Office Online Server Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20137 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-44814 (GCVE-0-2026-44814)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:06 – Updated: 2026-07-15 20:10
VLAI
Title
Windows DWM Core Library Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2269 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-44808 (GCVE-0-2026-44808)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:06 – Updated: 2026-07-15 20:10
VLAI
Title
Windows DWM Core Library Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2269 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-44808",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-09T17:06:19.933Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-07T20:07:18.271Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T20:10:33.999Z",
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CVE-2026-44518 (GCVE-0-2026-44518)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 18:07 – Updated: 2026-05-29 18:41
VLAI
Title
liboqs: XMSS Buffer Overread Bug
Summary
liboqs is a C-language cryptographic library that provides implementations of post-quantum cryptography algorithms. Prior to 0.16.0, an out-of-bounds read has been identified in the XMSS and XMSS^MT stateful signature verification code. When the verification function is called with a signature buffer shorter than the expected signature size for the given parameter set, the implementation does not validate the caller-supplied length and proceeds to read past the end of the buffer. The out-of-bounds bytes are consumed only as input to an internal hash computation and are not returned to the caller, so no oracle exists to leak their contents to an attacker. The primary observable effect is a possible crash (denial of service) of the verifying process if the read crosses into an unmapped memory page. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.16.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
open-quantum-safe liboqs Affected: < 0.16.0
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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