CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11720 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-27X5-RRVG-FCG5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:00Moddable commit before 135aa9a4a6a9b49b60aa730ebc3bcc6247d75c45 was discovered to contain an out-of-bounds read via the function fxUint8Getter at /moddable/xs/sources/xsDataView.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29368"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Moddable commit before 135aa9a4a6a9b49b60aa730ebc3bcc6247d75c45 was discovered to contain an out-of-bounds read via the function fxUint8Getter at /moddable/xs/sources/xsDataView.c.",
"id": "GHSA-27x5-rrvg-fcg5",
"modified": "2022-05-24T00:00:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T00:00:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29368"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Moddable-OpenSource/moddable/issues/896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Moddable-OpenSource/moddable/commit/135aa9a4a6a9b49b60aa730ebc3bcc6247d75c45"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-27XW-W55H-QCR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05In ih264e_fmt_conv_422i_to_420sp of ih264e_fmt_conv.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-172908358
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0563"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-22T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In ih264e_fmt_conv_422i_to_420sp of ih264e_fmt_conv.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-172908358",
"id": "GHSA-27xw-w55h-qcr4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0563"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2829-62MV-2265
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-19 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-01 00:01This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K images. Crafted data in a J2K image can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15416.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46622"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-18T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation CONNECT 10.16.0.80. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K images. Crafted data in a J2K image can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15416.",
"id": "GHSA-2829-62mv-2265",
"modified": "2022-03-01T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-02-19T00:01:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46622"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/BE-2021-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-209"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-284P-M6P6-9CGC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-18 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-26 18:30Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 22.003.20282 (and earlier), 22.003.20281 (and earlier) and 20.005.30418 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-18T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 22.003.20282 (and earlier), 22.003.20281 (and earlier) and 20.005.30418 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-284p-m6p6-9cgc",
"modified": "2023-01-26T18:30:47Z",
"published": "2023-01-18T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb23-01.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2856-2658-H48J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:49A stack-based buffer over-read exists in PostScriptFunction::transform in Function.cc in Xpdf 4.01.01 because GfxSeparationColorSpace and GfxDeviceNColorSpace mishandle tint transform functions. It can, for example, be triggered by sending a crafted PDF document to the pdftops tool. It might allow an attacker to cause Denial of Service or leak memory data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12493"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-31T02:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer over-read exists in PostScriptFunction::transform in Function.cc in Xpdf 4.01.01 because GfxSeparationColorSpace and GfxDeviceNColorSpace mishandle tint transform functions. It can, for example, be triggered by sending a crafted PDF document to the pdftops tool. It might allow an attacker to cause Denial of Service or leak memory data.",
"id": "GHSA-2856-2658-h48j",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:49:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.xpdfreader.com/viewtopic.php?f=3\u0026t=41806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00033.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DJJD7X3ES7ZHJUY2R3DAVCJPV23R64VK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FWEWFUVITPA3Y6F4A5SJSROKYT7PRH7Q"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TNIJWRYTCLGV35WGIHYTMMOPEEOOTIPT"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-288R-5PXQ-4QGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:04 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:04While processing the USB StrSerialDescriptor array, an array index out of bounds can occur in Android releases from CAF using the linux kernel (Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) before security patch level 2018-06-05.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5887"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-06T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "While processing the USB StrSerialDescriptor array, an array index out of bounds can occur in Android releases from CAF using the linux kernel (Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) before security patch level 2018-06-05.",
"id": "GHSA-288r-5pxq-4qgx",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:04:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:04:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2018-06-01#qualcomm-components"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/abl/tianocore/edk2/commit/?id=c8415f6f2271008aef5056689950236df627d9b1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-289C-GRQ2-86FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-02 06:31 – Updated: 2024-12-02 18:31In da, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09121847; Issue ID: MSV-1821.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20136"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-02T04:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In da, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09121847; Issue ID: MSV-1821.",
"id": "GHSA-289c-grq2-86fp",
"modified": "2024-12-02T18:31:55Z",
"published": "2024-12-02T06:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/December-2024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-289H-FCR7-4RG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:47Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38239"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T14:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-289h-fcr7-4rg2",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:47:56Z",
"published": "2023-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb23-30.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28CH-W3C2-XG68
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:32A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, tvOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to read arbitrary file metadata.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24097"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, tvOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to read arbitrary file metadata.",
"id": "GHSA-28ch-w3c2-xg68",
"modified": "2026-04-02T21:32:11Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28CW-RPQC-WQQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-06-14 18:32LiamBindle MQTT-C through version 1.1.6 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read and integer underflow in the mqtt_unpack_publish_response() function in src/mqtt.c that allows a remote unauthenticated attacker controlling an MQTT broker - or able to inject MQTT traffic into an unencrypted session - to crash a subscribed MQTT-C client and potentially disclose adjacent heap memory by sending a single crafted PUBLISH packet. The function validates only that the fixed-header remaining_length is at least 4, then reads the 16-bit topic_name_size field from the broker-controlled packet and advances the parse pointer by that value without verifying that topic_name_size plus the surrounding overhead fits within remaining_length; it subsequently computes application_message_size as remaining_length - topic_name_size - 2 (QoS 0) or - 4 (QoS greater than 0) in unsigned arithmetic, producing an integer underflow that is then passed to memmove(). A PUBLISH packet with topic_name_size = 0xFFFF and remaining_length = 7 advances the parse pointer 65535 bytes past the receive buffer (out-of-bounds read) and causes an application_message_size near 2^32, crashing the process when the resulting memmove() is executed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-54412"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-14T18:17:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "LiamBindle MQTT-C through version 1.1.6 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read and integer underflow in the mqtt_unpack_publish_response() function in src/mqtt.c that allows a remote unauthenticated attacker controlling an MQTT broker - or able to inject MQTT traffic into an unencrypted session - to crash a subscribed MQTT-C client and potentially disclose adjacent heap memory by sending a single crafted PUBLISH packet. The function validates only that the fixed-header remaining_length is at least 4, then reads the 16-bit topic_name_size field from the broker-controlled packet and advances the parse pointer by that value without verifying that topic_name_size plus the surrounding overhead fits within remaining_length; it subsequently computes application_message_size as remaining_length - topic_name_size - 2 (QoS 0) or - 4 (QoS greater than 0) in unsigned arithmetic, producing an integer underflow that is then passed to memmove(). A PUBLISH packet with topic_name_size = 0xFFFF and remaining_length = 7 advances the parse pointer 65535 bytes past the receive buffer (out-of-bounds read) and causes an application_message_size near 2^32, crashing the process when the resulting memmove() is executed.",
"id": "GHSA-28cw-rpqc-wqqj",
"modified": "2026-06-14T18:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-14T18:32:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/125.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/191.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LiamBindle/MQTT-C"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LiamBindle/MQTT-C/blob/v1.1.6/src/mqtt.c#L1334"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:X/V:D/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.