Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11454 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9559-FW75-8XM5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49
VLAI
Details
tinyexr 0.9.5 has a heap-based buffer over-read in LoadEXRImageFromMemory in tinyexr.h.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12503"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-16T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "tinyexr 0.9.5 has a heap-based buffer over-read in LoadEXRImageFromMemory in tinyexr.h.",
"id": "GHSA-9559-fw75-8xm5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/syoyo/tinyexr/issues/81"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ChijinZ/security_advisories/tree/master/tinyexr_b53a457"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-955V-HQM3-9444
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-09-03 00:00
VLAI
Details
Crash in USB HID protocol dissector and possibly other dissectors in Wireshark 3.4.0 and 3.2.0 to 3.2.8 allows denial of service via packet injection or crafted capture file.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-11T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Crash in USB HID protocol dissector and possibly other dissectors in Wireshark 3.4.0 and 3.2.0 to 3.2.8 allows denial of service via packet injection or crafted capture file.",
"id": "GHSA-955v-hqm3-9444",
"modified": "2022-09-03T00:00:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:36:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2020/CVE-2020-26421.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/issues/16958"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/02/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/M75HYXU36SP6GHIDPHNZGJKEO6TX4C4Y"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YHWDZPWQJMLK64VFDWJC5SEGPNH6Y72Z"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202101-12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2020-17.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-956Q-7M23-PHJX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13
VLAI
Details
A local user may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.4, Security Update 2021-003 Catalina. An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30719"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A local user may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.4, Security Update 2021-003 Catalina. An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.",
"id": "GHSA-956q-7m23-phjx",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30719"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212530"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-956W-8XXP-MQ5X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 09:30 – Updated: 2025-08-06 09:30
VLAI
Details
Information disclosure while processing the hash segment in an MBN file.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T08:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Information disclosure while processing the hash segment in an MBN file.",
"id": "GHSA-956w-8xxp-mq5x",
"modified": "2025-08-06T09:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T09:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.qualcomm.com/product/publicresources/securitybulletin/august-2025-bulletin.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-957V-W8PQ-M9P4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:13 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:13
VLAI
Details
coders/wpg.c in ImageMagick allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted file.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7527"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-20T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "coders/wpg.c in ImageMagick allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted file.",
"id": "GHSA-957v-w8pq-m9p4",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:13:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:13:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7527"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/issues/122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/a251039393f423c7858e63cab6aa98d17b8b7a41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/b3dd69b23e9338806891c708a0cc8a82c0d1872a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/imagemagick/+bug/1542115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1378759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/22/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93220"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-959F-9F54-M92G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-15 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-22 00:02
VLAI
Details
Adobe Illustrator versions 25.4.2 (and earlier) and 26.0.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44700"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Illustrator versions 25.4.2 (and earlier) and 26.0.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-959f-9f54-m92g",
"modified": "2022-01-22T00:02:03Z",
"published": "2022-01-15T00:01:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb22-02.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-959P-G3CM-4RCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55054"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:18:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-959p-g3cm-4rcv",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:34Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55054"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55054"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-95C9-4WFM-W24V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Application Identity (AppID) Subsystem allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45604"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Application Identity (AppID) Subsystem allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-95c9-4wfm-w24v",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:30:52Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45604"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45604"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-95F8-9G2Q-VH9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:35 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:35
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability in the Cisco Fabric Services component of Cisco FXOS Software and Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to read sensitive memory content, create a denial of service (DoS) condition, or execute arbitrary code as root. The vulnerability exists because the affected software insufficiently validates Cisco Fabric Services packet headers. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted Cisco Fabric Services packet to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a buffer overflow or buffer overread condition in the Cisco Fabric Services component, which could allow the attacker to read sensitive memory content, create a DoS condition, or execute arbitrary code as root. This vulnerability affects the following if configured to use Cisco Fabric Services: Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewalls, Firepower 9300 Security Appliance, MDS 9000 Series Multilayer Switches, Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules, UCS 6100 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6200 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6300 Series Fabric Interconnects. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvd69951, CSCve02459, CSCve02461, CSCve02463, CSCve02474, CSCve04859.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0304"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-20T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the Cisco Fabric Services component of Cisco FXOS Software and Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to read sensitive memory content, create a denial of service (DoS) condition, or execute arbitrary code as root. The vulnerability exists because the affected software insufficiently validates Cisco Fabric Services packet headers. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted Cisco Fabric Services packet to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a buffer overflow or buffer overread condition in the Cisco Fabric Services component, which could allow the attacker to read sensitive memory content, create a DoS condition, or execute arbitrary code as root. This vulnerability affects the following if configured to use Cisco Fabric Services: Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewalls, Firepower 9300 Security Appliance, MDS 9000 Series Multilayer Switches, Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules, UCS 6100 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6200 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6300 Series Fabric Interconnects. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvd69951, CSCve02459, CSCve02461, CSCve02463, CSCve02474, CSCve04859.",
"id": "GHSA-95f8-9g2q-vh9q",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:35:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:35:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180620-fxnxos-ace"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041169"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-95G7-MPXG-72P3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42
VLAI
Details
The HNCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-hncp.c:dhcpv6_print().
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13042"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The HNCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-hncp.c:dhcpv6_print().",
"id": "GHSA-95g7-mpxg-72p3",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:42:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13042"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/39582c04cc5e34054b2936b423072fb9df2ff6ef"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHEA-2018:0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump-changes.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.