CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11384 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CJJ7-288W-3XMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:44Adobe Digital Editions versions 4.5.3 and earlier have an exploitable buffer over-read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2977"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-15T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Digital Editions versions 4.5.3 and earlier have an exploitable buffer over-read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-cjj7-288w-3xmc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:44:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:44:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2977"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/Digital-Editions/apsb17-05.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037816"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJPM-QGQ4-2252
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-28 00:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:32This issue was addressed with improved data protection. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.3, macOS Sonoma 14.7.3. An app may be able to read sensitive location information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24092"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T22:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This issue was addressed with improved data protection. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.3, macOS Sonoma 14.7.3. An app may be able to read sensitive location information.",
"id": "GHSA-cjpm-qgq4-2252",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:32:24Z",
"published": "2025-01-28T00:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24092"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jan/15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jan/16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJPQ-3XP9-4722
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-09 00:33 – Updated: 2023-11-09 00:33A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the SWSMI_Shadow DXE driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45075"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-08T23:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the SWSMI_Shadow DXE driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.",
"id": "GHSA-cjpq-3xp9-4722",
"modified": "2023-11-09T00:33:57Z",
"published": "2023-11-09T00:33:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45075"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/product_security/LEN-141775"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJQ6-J68G-FP2M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-17 12:30 – Updated: 2023-11-17 12:30Adobe After Effects version 24.0.2 (and earlier) and 23.6 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-47071"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-17T11:15:08Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Adobe After Effects version 24.0.2 (and earlier) and 23.6 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-cjq6-j68g-fp2m",
"modified": "2023-11-17T12:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-11-17T12:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb23-66.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJRM-898P-CXJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 21:31LibTIFF 4.4.0 has an out-of-bounds read in tiffcrop in tools/tiffcrop.c:3488, allowing attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit afaabc3e.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0795"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-13T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "LibTIFF 4.4.0 has an out-of-bounds read in tiffcrop in tools/tiffcrop.c:3488, allowing attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit afaabc3e.",
"id": "GHSA-cjrm-898p-cxjr",
"modified": "2025-03-21T21:31:32Z",
"published": "2023-02-14T00:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2023/CVE-2023-0795.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/commit/afaabc3e50d4e5d80a94143f7e3c997e7e410f68"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/02/msg00026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230316-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5361"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJV7-283M-8GMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:44 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:44In BnAudioPolicyService::onTransact of IAudioPolicyService.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-169572641
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0374"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-10T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In BnAudioPolicyService::onTransact of IAudioPolicyService.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-169572641",
"id": "GHSA-cjv7-283m-8gmm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:44:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:44:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CJVR-6XMW-8R8H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-22 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-22 21:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ASoC: codecs: va-macro: fix accessing array out of bounds for enum type
Accessing enums using integer would result in array out of bounds access on platforms like aarch64 where sizeof(long) is 8 compared to enum size which is 4 bytes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-49251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:01:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nASoC: codecs: va-macro: fix accessing array out of bounds for enum type\n\nAccessing enums using integer would result in array out of bounds access\non platforms like aarch64 where sizeof(long) is 8 compared to enum size\nwhich is 4 bytes.",
"id": "GHSA-cjvr-6xmw-8r8h",
"modified": "2025-09-22T21:30:15Z",
"published": "2025-09-22T21:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ea5eff7c6063a8f124188424f8e4c6727f35051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a799972a283ab4ec031041304d7e2d34e1a16eb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/966408e37d84b762d11978b7bfb03fff0c6222ad"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0099bbf8bc85d30c4cf38220fca3c8d4253fa7f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJVX-JH2C-PRQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-10 18:30 – Updated: 2026-02-10 18:30Out-of-bounds read for some TDX Module before version tdx1.5 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Software side channel adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27940"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-10T17:16:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read for some TDX Module before version tdx1.5 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Software side channel adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.",
"id": "GHSA-cjvx-jh2c-prqx",
"modified": "2026-02-10T18:30:40Z",
"published": "2026-02-10T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01397.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJW2-GQ5V-G28J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24468.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9751"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24468.",
"id": "GHSA-cjw2-gq5v-g28j",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1363"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CJWM-4P9F-WR64
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:54The function Object::isName() in Object.h (called from Gfx::opSetFillColorN) in Xpdf 4.00 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer over-read) via a crafted pdf file, as demonstrated by pdftoppm.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18456"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-18T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The function Object::isName() in Object.h (called from Gfx::opSetFillColorN) in Xpdf 4.00 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer over-read) via a crafted pdf file, as demonstrated by pdftoppm.",
"id": "GHSA-cjwm-4p9f-wr64",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:54:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:54:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18456"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.xpdfreader.com/viewtopic.php?f=3\u0026t=41217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TeamSeri0us/pocs/tree/master/xpdf/2018_10_16/pdftoppm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.