CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11384 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CM28-MC8H-9H49
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-29 00:00 – Updated: 2026-05-29 21:31sqclass.cpp in Squirrel through 2.2.5 and 3.x through 3.1 allows an out-of-bounds read (in the core interpreter) that can lead to Code Execution. If a victim executes an attacker-controlled squirrel script, it is possible for the attacker to break out of the squirrel script sandbox even if all dangerous functionality such as File System functions has been disabled. An attacker might abuse this bug to target (for example) Cloud services that allow customization via SquirrelScripts, or distribute malware through video games that embed a Squirrel Engine.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41556"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-28T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "sqclass.cpp in Squirrel through 2.2.5 and 3.x through 3.1 allows an out-of-bounds read (in the core interpreter) that can lead to Code Execution. If a victim executes an attacker-controlled squirrel script, it is possible for the attacker to break out of the squirrel script sandbox even if all dangerous functionality such as File System functions has been disabled. An attacker might abuse this bug to target (for example) Cloud services that allow customization via SquirrelScripts, or distribute malware through video games that embed a Squirrel Engine.",
"id": "GHSA-cm28-mc8h-9h49",
"modified": "2026-05-29T21:31:16Z",
"published": "2022-07-29T00:00:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41556"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/albertodemichelis/squirrel/commit/23a0620658714b996d20da3d4dd1a0dcf9b0bd98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.sonarsource.com/squirrel-vm-sandbox-escape"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BV7SJJ44AGAX4ILIVPREIXPJ2GOG3FKV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/M3FQILX7UUEERSDPMZP3MKGTMY2E7ESU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BV7SJJ44AGAX4ILIVPREIXPJ2GOG3FKV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/M3FQILX7UUEERSDPMZP3MKGTMY2E7ESU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/squirrel-vm-sandbox-escape"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.squirrel-lang.org/#download"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM3Q-WF38-7W4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:46The PoDoFo::PdfSimpleEncoding::ConvertToEncoding function in PdfEncoding.cpp in PoDoFo 0.9.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted PDF document.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7379"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-03T05:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The PoDoFo::PdfSimpleEncoding::ConvertToEncoding function in PdfEncoding.cpp in PoDoFo 0.9.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted PDF document.",
"id": "GHSA-cm3q-wf38-7w4w",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:46:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:46:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/03/31/podofo-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-podofopdfsimpleencodingconverttoencoding-pdfencoding-cpp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97296"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM4W-GMJC-W5MW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-04 21:31 – Updated: 2025-09-05 18:31In multiple locations, there is a possible condition that results in OOB accesses due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution in combination with other bugs, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48530"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-04T19:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In multiple locations, there is a possible condition that results in OOB accesses due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution in combination with other bugs, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-cm4w-gmjc-w5mw",
"modified": "2025-09-05T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2025-09-04T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-08-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM5J-MGW2-2JWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07Possible buffer over read due to lack of length check while flashing meta images in Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1899"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-13T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Possible buffer over read due to lack of length check while flashing meta images in Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables",
"id": "GHSA-cm5j-mgw2-2jwr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/july-2021-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CM7V-XQFW-XMHJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 03:30 – Updated: 2025-10-15 03:30Animate versions 23.0.13, 24.0.10 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54269"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T01:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Animate versions 23.0.13, 24.0.10 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-cm7v-xqfw-xmhj",
"modified": "2025-10-15T03:30:39Z",
"published": "2025-10-15T03:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/animate/apsb25-97.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM8F-5FX7-MV6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-02 15:31 – Updated: 2025-05-02 15:31MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read which may allow an attacker to cause memory corruption within the application. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36521"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-01T19:15:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read which may allow an attacker to cause memory corruption within the application. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-cm8f-5fx7-mv6c",
"modified": "2025-05-02T15:31:45Z",
"published": "2025-05-02T15:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-medical-advisories/icsma-25-121-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.microdicom.com/downloads.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CM9F-V3W6-MPWH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-28 21:30Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26341"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-28T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-cm9f-v3w6-mpwh",
"modified": "2023-03-28T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-03-28T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26341"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dimension/apsb23-20.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CMC7-X6MJ-3GGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-21 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-21 00:00Adobe Audition versions 14.4 (and earlier), and 22.0 (and earlier)are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious MP4 file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44698"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-20T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Adobe Audition versions 14.4 (and earlier), and 22.0 (and earlier)are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious MP4 file.",
"id": "GHSA-cmc7-x6mj-3ggx",
"modified": "2021-12-21T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2021-12-21T00:00:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/audition/apsb21-121.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-1577"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CMCW-P678-RM3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:46Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2017.011.30113 and earlier version, and 2015.006.30464 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-24T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2017.011.30113 and earlier version, and 2015.006.30464 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-cmcw-p678-rm3p",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:46:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-07.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CMGC-8M5V-V678
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-25 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-27 19:00A denial of service vulnerability exists in the web_server hashFirst functionality of Robustel R1510 3.1.16 and 3.3.0. A specially-crafted network request can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.The /action/import_https_cert_file/ API is affected by command injection vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35267"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-20",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-25T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the web_server hashFirst functionality of Robustel R1510 3.1.16 and 3.3.0. A specially-crafted network request can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.The `/action/import_https_cert_file/` API is affected by command injection vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-cmgc-8m5v-v678",
"modified": "2022-10-27T19:00:38Z",
"published": "2022-10-25T19:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35267"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1575"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.