CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q98H-33JJ-4253
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30Kofax Power PDF U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20471.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38077"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:48Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20471.",
"id": "GHSA-q98h-33jj-4253",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-955"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q98X-73C3-57GJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-10 09:31Issue summary: When CMS password-based decryption (RFC 3211 / PWRI key unwrap) processes attacker-supplied CMS data, an attacker-chosen stream-mode KEK cipher can trigger a heap out-of-bounds read in kek_unwrap_key().
Impact summary: A heap buffer over-read may trigger a crash which leads to Denial of Service for an application if the input buffer ends at a memory page boundary and the following page is unmapped. There is no information disclosure as the over-read bytes are not revealed to the attacker.
The key unwrapping function performs a check-byte test as specified in the RFC that reads 7 bytes from a heap allocation that is based on the wrapped key length from the message. There is a minimum length check based on the block length of the wrapping cipher. However the cipher is selected from an OID carried in the attacker's PWRI keyEncryptionAlgorithm with no requirement that the cipher be a block cipher. When an attacker selects a stream-mode cipher the guard will be ineffective and the allocated buffer containing the unwrapped key can be too small to fit the check-bytes specified in the RFC and a buffer over-read can happen.
Applications calling CMS_decrypt() or CMS_decrypt_set1_password() (equivalently openssl cms -decrypt -pwri_password ...) on untrusted CMS data are vulnerable to this issue. No password knowledge is required: the over-read happens during the unwrap attempt before any authentication succeeds.
The over-read is limited to a few bytes and is not written to output, so there is no information disclosure. Triggering a crash requires the allocation to border unmapped memory, which is unlikely with the normal allocator.
The FIPS modules are not affected by this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9076"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Issue summary: When CMS password-based decryption (RFC 3211 / PWRI key unwrap)\nprocesses attacker-supplied CMS data, an attacker-chosen stream-mode KEK\ncipher can trigger a heap out-of-bounds read in kek_unwrap_key().\n\nImpact summary: A heap buffer over-read may trigger a crash which leads to\nDenial of Service for an application if the input buffer ends at a memory\npage boundary and the following page is unmapped. There is no information\ndisclosure as the over-read bytes are not revealed to the attacker.\n\nThe key unwrapping function performs a check-byte test as specified in the\nRFC that reads 7 bytes from a heap allocation that is based on the wrapped\nkey length from the message. There is a minimum length check based on the\nblock length of the wrapping cipher. However the cipher is selected from\nan OID carried in the attacker\u0027s PWRI keyEncryptionAlgorithm with no\nrequirement that the cipher be a block cipher. When an attacker selects\na stream-mode cipher the guard will be ineffective and the allocated buffer\ncontaining the unwrapped key can be too small to fit the check-bytes\nspecified in the RFC and a buffer over-read can happen.\n\nApplications calling CMS_decrypt() or CMS_decrypt_set1_password()\n(equivalently openssl cms -decrypt -pwri_password ...) on untrusted CMS\ndata are vulnerable to this issue. No password knowledge is required: the\nover-read happens during the unwrap attempt before any authentication\nsucceeds.\n\nThe over-read is limited to a few bytes and is not written to output, so\nthere is no information disclosure. Triggering a crash requires the\nallocation to border unmapped memory, which is unlikely with the normal\nallocator.\n\nThe FIPS modules are not affected by this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-q98x-73c3-57gj",
"modified": "2026-06-10T09:31:57Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9076"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/05b066366842f930fadd9a6e94df98030af431bb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/3d8d5bc1056b2f62da9fede23fedbf47e85187b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/715349a1d7c6db970e6815dafb90915f07307f98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/77bf00ab13f6ff5e516535432f0328ed70ec0c26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/eecbe330977e8d023aae1ca2d9bdbe983ef3fdc6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/security/commit/05b066366842f930fadd9a6e94df98030af431bb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/security/commit/3d8d5bc1056b2f62da9fede23fedbf47e85187b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/security/commit/715349a1d7c6db970e6815dafb90915f07307f98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/security/commit/77bf00ab13f6ff5e516535432f0328ed70ec0c26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openssl/security/commit/eecbe330977e8d023aae1ca2d9bdbe983ef3fdc6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20260609.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q997-CGGX-JG25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.1.0.1), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.1.0.1). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing of PLT files. This could result in a memory access past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access data in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-12209)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27008"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions \u003c V13.1.0.1), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions \u003c V13.1.0.1). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing of PLT files. This could result in a memory access past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access data in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-12209)",
"id": "GHSA-q997-cggx-jg25",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-663999.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-235"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q9CQ-M6QX-6497
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-30 21:31 – Updated: 2025-01-29 18:31A maliciously crafted DWFX file, when parsed in w3dtk.dll through Autodesk Navisworks, can force an Out-of-Bounds Read. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7670"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-30T21:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted DWFX file, when parsed in w3dtk.dll through Autodesk Navisworks, can force an Out-of-Bounds Read. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-q9cq-m6qx-6497",
"modified": "2025-01-29T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2024-09-30T21:31:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2024-0015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2024-0015"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9CR-635R-8RC3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:10 – Updated: 2025-11-25 18:32An out-of-bounds read in WebGL with a maliciously crafted "ImageInfo" object during WebGL operations. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 54, Firefox ESR < 52.2, and Thunderbird < 52.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7754"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-11T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read in WebGL with a maliciously crafted \"ImageInfo\" object during WebGL operations. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 54, Firefox ESR \u003c 52.2, and Thunderbird \u003c 52.2.",
"id": "GHSA-q9cr-635r-8rc3",
"modified": "2025-11-25T18:32:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:10:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1561"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1357090"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038689"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9F3-JCG6-9J2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-03-06 15:34In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
binder: fix OOB in binder_add_freeze_work()
In binder_add_freeze_work() we iterate over the proc->nodes with the proc->inner_lock held. However, this lock is temporarily dropped to acquire the node->lock first (lock nesting order). This can race with binder_deferred_release() which removes the nodes from the proc->nodes rbtree and adds them into binder_dead_nodes list. This leads to a broken iteration in binder_add_freeze_work() as rb_next() will use data from binder_dead_nodes, triggering an out-of-bounds access:
================================================================== BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in rb_next+0xfc/0x124 Read of size 8 at addr ffffcb84285f7170 by task freeze/660
CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 660 Comm: freeze Not tainted 6.11.0-07343-ga727812a8d45 #18 Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Call trace: rb_next+0xfc/0x124 binder_add_freeze_work+0x344/0x534 binder_ioctl+0x1e70/0x25ac __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190
The buggy address belongs to the variable: binder_dead_nodes+0x10/0x40 [...] ==================================================================
This is possible because proc->nodes (rbtree) and binder_dead_nodes (list) share entries in binder_node through a union:
struct binder_node {
[...]
union {
struct rb_node rb_node;
struct hlist_node dead_node;
};
Fix the race by checking that the proc is still alive. If not, simply break out of the iteration.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56555"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-27T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbinder: fix OOB in binder_add_freeze_work()\n\nIn binder_add_freeze_work() we iterate over the proc-\u003enodes with the\nproc-\u003einner_lock held. However, this lock is temporarily dropped to\nacquire the node-\u003elock first (lock nesting order). This can race with\nbinder_deferred_release() which removes the nodes from the proc-\u003enodes\nrbtree and adds them into binder_dead_nodes list. This leads to a broken\niteration in binder_add_freeze_work() as rb_next() will use data from\nbinder_dead_nodes, triggering an out-of-bounds access:\n\n ==================================================================\n BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in rb_next+0xfc/0x124\n Read of size 8 at addr ffffcb84285f7170 by task freeze/660\n\n CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 660 Comm: freeze Not tainted 6.11.0-07343-ga727812a8d45 #18\n Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n Call trace:\n rb_next+0xfc/0x124\n binder_add_freeze_work+0x344/0x534\n binder_ioctl+0x1e70/0x25ac\n __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190\n\n The buggy address belongs to the variable:\n binder_dead_nodes+0x10/0x40\n [...]\n ==================================================================\n\nThis is possible because proc-\u003enodes (rbtree) and binder_dead_nodes\n(list) share entries in binder_node through a union:\n\n\tstruct binder_node {\n\t[...]\n\t\tunion {\n\t\t\tstruct rb_node rb_node;\n\t\t\tstruct hlist_node dead_node;\n\t\t};\n\nFix the race by checking that the proc is still alive. If not, simply\nbreak out of the iteration.",
"id": "GHSA-q9f3-jcg6-9j2x",
"modified": "2025-03-06T15:34:39Z",
"published": "2024-12-27T15:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/011e69a1b23011c0db3af4b8293fdd4522cc97b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b1be1da1f8279cf091266e71b5153c5b02aaff6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9FC-6FVR-WXG5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-13 09:31 – Updated: 2024-06-13 09:31Audition versions 24.2, 23.6.4 and earlier Answer: are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-13T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Audition versions 24.2, 23.6.4 and earlier Answer: are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-q9fc-6fvr-wxg5",
"modified": "2024-06-13T09:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-06-13T09:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/audition/apsb24-32.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9GG-5PFC-VVRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1743"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-q9gg-5pfc-vvrm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:46:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1743"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212148"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212149"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q9H5-JH92-4FVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:05In Bluetooth, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-79883824
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9289"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Bluetooth, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-79883824",
"id": "GHSA-q9h5-jh92-4fvh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:05:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9MH-P233-5PVV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-26 00:03 – Updated: 2022-08-29 20:06A flaw was found in Samba. Samba AD users can cause the server to access uninitialized data with an LDAP add or modify the request, usually resulting in a segmentation fault.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32745"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-25T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Samba. Samba AD users can cause the server to access uninitialized data with an LDAP add or modify the request, usually resulting in a segmentation fault.",
"id": "GHSA-q9mh-p233-5pvv",
"modified": "2022-08-29T20:06:47Z",
"published": "2022-08-26T00:03:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32745"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202309-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2022-32745.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.