CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QC3Q-9H28-R994
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:00 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:00VMware Tools (10.x and prior before 10.3.0) contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in HGFS. Successful exploitation of this issue may lead to information disclosure or may allow attackers to escalate their privileges on the guest VMs. In order to be able to exploit this issue, file sharing must be enabled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6969"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-13T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VMware Tools (10.x and prior before 10.3.0) contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in HGFS. Successful exploitation of this issue may lead to information disclosure or may allow attackers to escalate their privileges on the guest VMs. In order to be able to exploit this issue, file sharing must be enabled.",
"id": "GHSA-qc3q-9h28-r994",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:00:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:00:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6969"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2018-0017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041291"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC42-WF33-XQ82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31Out-of-bounds read in Windows NDIS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information with a physical attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows NDIS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information with a physical attack.",
"id": "GHSA-qc42-wf33-xq82",
"modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:10Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T18:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20936"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC4J-PXCH-G3GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:45A heap-based buffer over-read was discovered in AP4_BitStream::ReadBytes in Codecs/Ap4BitStream.cpp in Bento4 version 1.5.0-617. The vulnerability causes an application crash, which leads to remote denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14645"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-21T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer over-read was discovered in AP4_BitStream::ReadBytes in Codecs/Ap4BitStream.cpp in Bento4 version 1.5.0-617. The vulnerability causes an application crash, which leads to remote denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-qc4j-pxch-g3gx",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:45:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:43:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/09/14/bento4-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-ap4_bitstreamreadbytes-ap4bitstream-cpp"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC4W-JM2J-VJPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.2). The Tiff_loader.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing TIFF files. This could result in an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-12959)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34292"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-20"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-13T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions \u003c V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions \u003c V13.2). The Tiff_loader.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing TIFF files. This could result in an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-12959)",
"id": "GHSA-qc4w-jm2j-vjpq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34292"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-483182.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-871"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QC59-8XW2-X92X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18284.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41146"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18284.",
"id": "GHSA-qc59-8xw2-x92x",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:36Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1336"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC6F-VG59-3945
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-07 18:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amd/display: Bound VBIOS record-chain walk loops
[Why & How] All record-chain walk loops in bios_parser.c and bios_parser2.c use for(;;) and only terminate on a 0xFF record_type sentinel or zero record_size. A malformed VBIOS image missing the terminator record causes unbounded iteration at probe time, potentially hundreds of thousands of iterations with record_size=1. In the final iterations near the BIOS image boundary, struct casts beyond the 2-byte header validated by GET_IMAGE can also read out of bounds.
Cap all 14 record-chain walk loops to BIOS_MAX_NUM_RECORD (256) iterations. The atombios.h defines up to 22 distinct record types and atomfirmware.h has 13. Assuming an average of less than 10 records per type (which is reasonable since most are connector- based) 256 is a generous upper bound.
(cherry picked from commit 95700a3d660287ed657d6892f7be9ffc0e294a93)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53138"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T09:16:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amd/display: Bound VBIOS record-chain walk loops\n\n[Why \u0026 How]\nAll record-chain walk loops in bios_parser.c and bios_parser2.c use\nfor(;;) and only terminate on a 0xFF record_type sentinel or zero\nrecord_size. A malformed VBIOS image missing the terminator record\ncauses unbounded iteration at probe time, potentially hundreds of\nthousands of iterations with record_size=1. In the final iterations\nnear the BIOS image boundary, struct casts beyond the 2-byte header\nvalidated by GET_IMAGE can also read out of bounds.\n\nCap all 14 record-chain walk loops to BIOS_MAX_NUM_RECORD (256)\niterations. The atombios.h defines up to 22 distinct record types\nand atomfirmware.h has 13. Assuming an average of less than 10\nrecords per type (which is reasonable since most are connector-\nbased) 256 is a generous upper bound.\n\n(cherry picked from commit 95700a3d660287ed657d6892f7be9ffc0e294a93)",
"id": "GHSA-qc6f-vg59-3945",
"modified": "2026-07-07T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-06-25T09:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/04e271a952b8863bbafc99bd51aca4c32bff0e0d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e56f460bddb397fa9a8e6faf7ae7eaa86953eb1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2645e3caf7e013189da9c6ff621d006cca5a538b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/499c6b43a79dd684bddbd18fe8b2235aa2764db4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6173cfea2f916e01c4f98e29cd654384a05e32a3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6723188c42ca3b34a9fce634d7a0ecc9ccd5cd56"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e94f5323c41f32a74160378c3b19850d1f203ad5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff287df16a1a58aca78b08d1f3ee09fc44da0351"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC6X-2435-2VFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-28 21:30Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26346"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-28T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-qc6x-2435-2vfr",
"modified": "2023-03-28T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-03-28T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dimension/apsb23-20.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QC9F-6X66-H8C3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-28 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:31An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.1. Parsing a file may lead to disclosure of user information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-44279"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-28T21:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.1. Parsing a file may lead to disclosure of user information.",
"id": "GHSA-qc9f-6x66-h8c3",
"modified": "2026-04-02T21:31:59Z",
"published": "2024-10-28T21:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44279"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121568"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121570"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Oct/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Oct/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Oct/13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QCC5-J37H-W6F4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:00Adobe Character Animator version 4.4 (and earlier versions) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40766"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-16T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Adobe Character Animator version 4.4 (and earlier versions) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-qcc5-j37h-w6f4",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-03-17T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/character_animator/apsb21-95.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QCFP-9C2V-6HQ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2025-12-03 21:30The HNCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-hncp.c:print_prefix().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16228"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-03T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The HNCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-hncp.c:print_prefix().",
"id": "GHSA-qcfp-9c2v-6hq6",
"modified": "2025-12-03T21:30:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/83a412a5275cac973c5841eca3511c766bed778d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4252-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4252-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT210788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200120-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/R2UDPOSGVJQIYC33SQBXMDXHH4QDSDMU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FNYXF3IY2X65IOD422SA6EQUULSGW7FN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/62XY42U6HY3H2APR5EHNWCZ7SAQNMMJN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/R2UDPOSGVJQIYC33SQBXMDXHH4QDSDMU"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FNYXF3IY2X65IOD422SA6EQUULSGW7FN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/62XY42U6HY3H2APR5EHNWCZ7SAQNMMJN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/10/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/blob/tcpdump-4.9/CHANGES"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00050.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00053.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Dec/26"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.