Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1321
AllowedImproperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.
963 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-114142 (GCVE-0-2026-114142)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 20:28 – Updated: 2026-10-21 20:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
toml-node: Prototype pollution: parsing a TOML document can write to Object.prototype
Summary
toml-node is a TOML parser for Node.js and the browser. Prior to 5.0.1, toml.parse() can write attacker-controlled properties to Object.prototype because quoteDottedString() in lib/compiler.js produces the same bookkeeping string for distinct quoted key paths, allowing addTableArray() to clear another key's guard. The assign() path then descends through an unowned Date value without applying the owned-container check and can reach the prototype chain. Objects created elsewhere in the process can inherit the injected property. This issue is fixed in version 5.0.1.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/BinaryMuse/toml-node/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/BinaryMuse/toml-node/commit/60… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/BinaryMuse/toml-node/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BinaryMuse | toml-node |
Affected:
< 5.0.1
|
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CVE-2026-113666 (GCVE-0-2026-113666)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-20 17:25 – Updated: 2026-10-20 17:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ApostropheCMS: Authenticated projection-exclusion prototype-member deletion in @apostrophecms/db-connect causes process-wide denial of service
Summary
ApostropheCMS is an open-source Node.js content management system. Prior to 1.1.0 of db-connect and 4.33.0 of ApostropheCMS, an account with view-draft access can submit a projection exclusion path that traverses through a constructor prototype chain to a shared prototype member when a consumer uses a SQLite, PostgreSQL, or multipostgres adapter and has a matching document. Every editing role has view-draft access, while guestApiAccess broadens this prerequisite to any logged-in account. The unsetNestedField helper then deletes the shared runtime member, causing persistent process-wide integrity and availability effects; the default MongoDB adapter is not affected. This issue is fixed in db-connect 1.1.0 and ApostropheCMS 4.33.0.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-20 17:41 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| apostrophecms | apostrophe |
Affected:
< 4.33.0
|
|
| @apostrophecms | db-connect |
Affected:
< 1.1.0
|
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CVE-2026-113659 (GCVE-0-2026-113659)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-20 17:00 – Updated: 2026-10-20 17:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ApostropheCMS: Client-side Prototype Pollution in apos.http.parseQuery leading to DOM-based XSS against authenticated users
Summary
ApostropheCMS is an open-source Node.js content management system. Prior to 4.33.0, an unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted link whose query string is automatically parsed by apos.http.parseQuery when an authenticated victim loads a page with the admin bundle. The parser accepts the special __proto__, constructor, and prototype path keys, allowing browser prototype mutation that can reach an unsafe DOM sink and execute script in the victim's session; anonymous visitors do not load the affected admin context. This issue is fixed in version 4.33.0.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| apostrophecms | apostrophe |
Affected:
< 4.33.0
|
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CVE-2026-112309 (GCVE-0-2026-112309)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 15:28 – Updated: 2026-10-22 03:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@rvf/set-get before 7.0.4 Prototype Pollution via setPath Inherited Methods
Summary
@rvf/set-get before 7.0.4 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in setPath that allows unauthenticated attackers to overwrite properties of shared built-in functions via inherited Object.prototype methods. Attackers can submit a form field named hasOwnProperty.call through @rvf/core form parsing to replace the shared function property, causing process-wide denial of service until restart.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 03:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/airjp73/rvf/commit/4a5e1186675… | patch |
| https://github.com/airjp73/rvf/blob/61172ff01bf12… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/airjp73/rvf/blob/61172ff01bf12… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/rvf-set-get-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| airjp73 | @rvf/set-get |
Affected:
0 , < 7.0.4
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-10-15 13:33
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CVE-2026-111172 (GCVE-0-2026-111172)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 18:57 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@casl/ability 6.7.5 before 7.0.2 Prototype Pollution via rulesToFields setByPath
Summary
@casl/ability 6.7.5 before 7.0.2 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in rulesToFields() that allows attackers to modify inherited builtins via dotted condition keys. Attackers controlling rule conditions can supply keys like 'toString.call' to alter shared builtin functions process-wide, causing denial of service for the Node.js process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/stalniy/casl/commit/58242cb3c7… | patch |
| https://github.com/stalniy/casl/pull/1305 | patchissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/stalniy/casl/blob/80f2380d03cf… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/stalniy/casl | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/casl-ability… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| stalniy | @casl/ability |
Affected:
6.7.5 , < 7.0.2
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-10-15 00:00
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CVE-2026-110848 (GCVE-0-2026-110848)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 22:52 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.83, 2.41.4, and 2.42.1 Prototype Pollution via AI Workflow Builder Connection Merge
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-1… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-110842 (GCVE-0-2026-110842)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 22:52 – Updated: 2026-10-15 13:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.1 Prototype Pollution via MCP Workflow-Validation Interpreter
Summary
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.x before 2.42.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the MCP workflow-validation tool, whose interpreter evaluates caller-supplied code in the main process, reads inherited properties, and permits assignment onto shared prototypes. An authenticated member holding only a workflow:read grant can replace a built-in method with one returning a truthy value so server-side permission checks accept unheld scopes, enabling takeover of owner accounts not protected by MFA.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-2… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-110111 (GCVE-0-2026-110111)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:05 – Updated: 2026-10-26 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Xen Orchestra before 6.9.0 Privilege Escalation via Prototype Pollution in vm.importFromEsxi
Summary
Xen Orchestra before 6.9.0 contains an improper access control vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to become global administrator by abusing the unprotected vm.importFromEsxi and vm.importMultipleFromEsxi methods. Attackers can point xo-server at a malicious ESXi host serving a crafted .vmx file with __proto__.permission set, polluting Object.prototype so permission-less accounts inherit admin rights and enabling remote code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 18:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vatesfr/xen-orchestra/security… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xen-orchestr… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vatesfr | xen-orchestra |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:xen-orchestra:xen_orchestra_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-109758 (GCVE-0-2026-109758)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 04:00 – Updated: 2026-10-15 16:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Perforce Helix Authentication Service (HAS) deployments that retain the shipped default SCIM bearer token are vulnerable to unauthorized access when the SCIM endpoint is reachable by an attacker. In affected versions of HAS, the installation templates contain a default credential which the installer copies into the active configuration; the installer and configuration script do not automatically replace that value with a random token. An attacker who knows the default token can authenticate to the SCIM API and perform user and group operations allowed by the configured provisioning backend.
This issue can be chained with CVE-2026-61834 in affected releases of the scim-patch dependency.
This vulnerability exists in version 2022.1 - 2025.2 of HAS however the underlying defect was removed in version 2026.1 which was released July 17th 2026. The vulnerability was identified in older versions of HAS after version 2026.1 was released.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 19:02 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perforce | Helix Authentication Service |
Affected:
2022.1 , ≤ 2025.2
(semver)
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CVE-2026-107701 (GCVE-0-2026-107701)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 18:36 – Updated: 2026-10-14 16:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
dot-access through 1.0.0 Prototype Pollution via set() path argument
Summary
dot-access through 1.0.0 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability that allows attackers to modify Object.prototype by supplying a crafted dotted path to set(). Attackers controlling the path, such as through user-supplied field names, can use __proto__ segments to inject properties into all objects, altering authorization flags and option defaults or crashing the process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 14:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gist.github.com/R3tro16/e094e4318a040f189… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/ntharim/dot-access/issues/5 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/ntharim/dot-access/blob/v1.0.0… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/ntharim/dot-access | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dot-access-t… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntharim | dot-access |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-03-05 00:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.
Mitigation
Implementation
By using an object without prototypes (via Object.create(null) ), adding object prototype attributes by accessing the prototype via the special attributes becomes impossible, mitigating this weakness.
Mitigation
Implementation
Map can be used instead of objects in most cases. If Map methods are used instead of object attributes, it is not possible to access the object prototype or modify it.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels
An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.