Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-184

Allowed

Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete.

306 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-46417 (GCVE-0-2025-46417)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-24 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-24 14:51

Summary

The unsafe globals in Picklescan before 0.0.25 do not include ssl. Consequently, ssl.get_server_certificate can exfiltrate data via DNS after deserialization.

Severity

6.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

mitre

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-93mv-x874-956g
https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/pull/40

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Picklescan	Picklescan	Affected: 0 , < 0.0.25 (semver)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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CVE-2025-29822 (GCVE-0-2025-29822)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 17:23 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:32

Title

Microsoft OneNote Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Summary

Incomplete list of disallowed inputs in Microsoft Office OneNote allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

microsoft

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi…	vendor-advisorypatch

Impacted products

8 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Microsoft	Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise	Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office 2019	Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office LTSC 2021	Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office LTSC 2024	Affected: 16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021	Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.96.25041326 (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024	Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.96.25041326 (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft OneNote	Affected: 1.0.0 , < 16.96.25033028 (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft OneNote 2016	Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.0.5495.1001 (custom)

Date Public

2025-04-08 07:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-24388 (GCVE-0-2025-24388)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-16 11:29 – Updated: 2025-06-16 15:01

Title

Unsafe handling of AJAX calls

Summary

A vulnerability in the OTRS Admin Interface and Agent Interface (versions before OTRS 8) allow parameter injection due to for an autheniticated agent or admin user. This issue affects: * OTRS 7.0.X * OTRS 8.0.X * OTRS 2023.X * OTRS 2024.X * OTRS 2025.X * ((OTRS)) Community Edition: 6.0.x Products based on the ((OTRS)) Community Edition also very likely to be affected

Severity

3.8 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

OTRS

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://otrs.com/release-notes/otrs-security-advi…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
OTRS AG	OTRS	Affected: 7.0.x Affected: 8.0.x Affected: 2023.x Affected: 2024.x Affected: 2025.x , ≤ 2025.5.1 (Patch)
OTRS AG	((OTRS)) Community Edition	Affected: 6.0.x

Date Public

2025-06-16 07:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2025-1716 (GCVE-0-2025-1716)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 14:51 – Updated: 2025-12-29 14:22

Title

picklescan - Security scanning bypass via 'pip main'

Summary

picklescan before 0.0.21 does not treat 'pip' as an unsafe global. An attacker could craft a malicious model that uses Pickle to pull in a malicious PyPI package (hosted, for example, on pypi.org or GitHub) via `pip.main()`. Because pip is not a restricted global, the model, when scanned with picklescan, would pass security checks and appear to be safe, when it could instead prove to be problematic.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

Sonatype

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.sonatype.com/security-advisories/cve-…	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/7…	patch
https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
mmaitre314	picklescan	Affected: 0.0.1 , ≤ 0.0.20 (semver)

Credits

Trevor Madge (@madgetr) of Sonatype

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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CVE-2025-1484 (GCVE-0-2025-1484)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-30 12:26 – Updated: 2025-05-30 13:22

Summary

A vulnerability exists in the media upload component of the Asset Suite versions listed below. If successfully exploited an attacker could impact the confidentiality or integrity of the system. An attacker can use this vulnerability to construct a request that will cause JavaScript code supplied by the attacker to execute within the user’s browser in the context of that user’s session with the application.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184

Assigner

Hitachi Energy

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?Docum…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Hitachi Energy	Asset Suite	Affected: 9.6.4.4 Unaffected: 9.6.4.5

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2024-54149 (GCVE-0-2024-54149)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-09 20:54 – Updated: 2024-12-10 17:13

Title

Winter CMS Modules allows a sandbox bypass in Twig templates leading to data modification and deletion

Summary

Winter is a free, open-source content management system (CMS) based on the Laravel PHP framework. Winter CMS prior to versions 1.2.7, 1.1.11, and 1.0.476 allow users with access to the CMS templates sections that modify Twig files to bypass the sandbox placed on Twig files and modify resources such as theme customisation values or modify, or remove, templates in the theme even if not provided direct access via the permissions. As all objects passed through to Twig are references to the live objects, it is also possible to also manipulate model data if models are passed directly to Twig, including changing attributes or even removing records entirely. In most cases, this is unwanted behavior and potentially dangerous. To actively exploit this security issue, an attacker would need access to the Backend with a user account with any of the following permissions: `cms.manage_layouts`; `cms.manage_pages`; or `cms.manage_partials`. The Winter CMS maintainers strongly recommend that these permissions only be reserved to trusted administrators and developers in general. The maintainers of Winter CMS have significantly increased the scope of the sandbox, effectively making all models and datasources read-only in Twig, in versions 1.2.7, 1.1.11, and 1.0.476. Thse who cannot upgrade may apply commit fb88e6fabde3b3278ce1844e581c87dcf7daee22 to their Winter CMS installation manually to resolve the issue. In the rare event that a Winter user was relying on being able to write to models/datasources within their Twig templates, they should instead use or create components to make changes to their models.

Severity

8.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/wintercms/winter/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/wintercms/winter/commit/fb88e6…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
wintercms	winter	Affected: >= 1.2.0, < 1.2.7 Affected: >= 1.1.0, < 1.1.11 Affected: < 1.0.476

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2024-52595 (GCVE-0-2024-52595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-19 21:27 – Updated: 2024-11-20 15:19

Title

HTML Cleaner allows crafted scripts in special contexts like svg or math to pass through

Summary

lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.0, the HTML Parser in lxml does not properly handle context-switching for special HTML tags such as `<svg>`, `<math>` and `<noscript>`. This behavior deviates from how web browsers parse and interpret such tags. Specifically, content in CSS comments is ignored by lxml_html_clean but may be interpreted differently by web browsers, enabling malicious scripts to bypass the cleaning process. This vulnerability could lead to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks, compromising the security of users relying on lxml_html_clean in default configuration for sanitizing untrusted HTML content. Users employing the HTML cleaner in a security-sensitive context should upgrade to lxml 0.4.0, which addresses this issue. As a temporary mitigation, users can configure lxml_html_clean with the following settings to prevent the exploitation of this vulnerability. Via `remove_tags`, one may specify tags to remove - their content is moved to their parents' tags. Via `kill_tags`, one may specify tags to be removed completely. Via `allow_tags`, one may restrict the set of permissible tags, excluding context-switching tags like `<svg>`, `<math>` and `<noscript>`.

Severity

7.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CWE-83 - Improper Neutralization of Script in Attributes in a Web Page
CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/fedora-python/lxml_html_clean/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/fedora-python/lxml_html_clean/…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/fedora-python/lxml_html_clean/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
fedora-python	lxml_html_clean	Affected: < 0.4.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "value": "lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.0, the HTML Parser in lxml does not properly handle context-switching for special HTML tags such as `\u003csvg\u003e`, `\u003cmath\u003e` and `\u003cnoscript\u003e`. This behavior deviates from how web browsers parse and interpret such tags. Specifically, content in CSS comments is ignored by lxml_html_clean but may be interpreted differently by web browsers, enabling malicious scripts to bypass the cleaning process. This vulnerability could lead to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks, compromising the security of users relying on lxml_html_clean in default configuration for sanitizing untrusted HTML content. Users employing the HTML cleaner in a security-sensitive context should upgrade to lxml 0.4.0, which addresses this issue. As a temporary mitigation, users can configure lxml_html_clean with the following settings to prevent the exploitation of this vulnerability. Via `remove_tags`, one may specify tags to remove - their content is moved to their parents\u0027 tags. Via `kill_tags`, one may specify tags to be removed completely. Via `allow_tags`, one may restrict the set of permissible tags, excluding context-switching tags like `\u003csvg\u003e`, `\u003cmath\u003e` and `\u003cnoscript\u003e`."
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CVE-2024-51745 (GCVE-0-2024-51745)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-05 21:09 – Updated: 2024-11-05 21:28

Title

Wasmtime doesn't fully sandbox all the Windows device filenames

Summary

Wasmtime is a fast and secure runtime for WebAssembly. Wasmtime's filesystem sandbox implementation on Windows blocks access to special device filenames such as "COM1", "COM2", "LPT0", "LPT1", and so on, however it did not block access to the special device filenames which use superscript digits, such as "COM¹", "COM²", "LPT⁰", "LPT¹", and so on. Untrusted Wasm programs that are given access to any filesystem directory could bypass the sandbox and access devices through those special device filenames with superscript digits, and through them gain access peripheral devices connected to the computer, or network resources mapped to those devices. This can include modems, printers, network printers, and any other device connected to a serial or parallel port, including emulated USB serial ports. Patch releases for Wasmtime have been issued as 24.0.2, 25.0.3, and 26.0.1. Users of Wasmtime 23.0.x and prior are recommended to upgrade to one of these patched versions. There are no known workarounds for this issue. Affected Windows users are recommended to upgrade.

Severity

2.3 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-67 - Improper Handling of Windows Device Names
CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/secu…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/bytecodealliance/cap-std/pull/371	x_refsource_MISC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_8859-1	x_refsource_MISC
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/f…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
bytecodealliance	wasmtime	Affected: < 24.0.2 Affected: >= 25.0.0, < 25.0.3 Affected: = 26.0.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2024-32152 (GCVE-0-2024-32152)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-22 14:20 – Updated: 2025-11-04 17:20

Summary

A blocklist bypass vulnerability exists in the LaTeX functionality of Ankitects Anki 24.04. A specially crafted malicious flashcard can lead to an arbitrary file creation at a fixed path. An attacker can share a malicious flashcard to trigger this vulnerability.

Severity

3.1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete Blacklist

Assigner

talos

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor…
https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_r…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Ankitects	Anki	Affected: 24.04
ankitects	anki	Affected: 24.04 cpe:2.3:a:ankitects:anki:24.04:::::::*

Credits

Discovered by Autumn Bee Skerritt of Cisco Duo Security and Jacob B.

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2024-30103 (GCVE-0-2024-30103)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-11 17:00 – Updated: 2025-12-17 22:23

Title

Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Summary

Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

Assigner

microsoft

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

4 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Microsoft	Microsoft Office 2019	Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise	Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Office LTSC 2021	Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Microsoft	Microsoft Outlook 2016	Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5452.1000 (custom)

Date Public

2024-06-11 07:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "lang": "en-US",
          "value": "Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-184",
              "description": "CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-17T22:23:41.720Z",
        "orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
        "shortName": "microsoft"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30103"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
    "assignerShortName": "microsoft",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-30103",
    "datePublished": "2024-06-11T17:00:04.279Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-03-22T23:12:15.573Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-17T22:23:41.720Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Do not rely exclusively on detecting disallowed inputs. There are too many variants to encode a character, especially when different environments are used, so there is a high likelihood of missing some variants. Only use detection of disallowed inputs as a mechanism for detecting suspicious activity. Ensure that you are using other protection mechanisms that only identify "good" input - such as lists of allowed inputs - and ensure that you are properly encoding your outputs.

CAPEC-120: Double Encoding

The adversary utilizes a repeating of the encoding process for a set of characters (that is, character encoding a character encoding of a character) to obfuscate the payload of a particular request. This may allow the adversary to bypass filters that attempt to detect illegal characters or strings, such as those that might be used in traversal or injection attacks. Filters may be able to catch illegal encoded strings, but may not catch doubly encoded strings. For example, a dot (.), often used in path traversal attacks and therefore often blocked by filters, could be URL encoded as %2E. However, many filters recognize this encoding and would still block the request. In a double encoding, the % in the above URL encoding would be encoded again as %25, resulting in %252E which some filters might not catch, but which could still be interpreted as a dot (.) by interpreters on the target.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-182: Flash Injection

An attacker tricks a victim to execute malicious flash content that executes commands or makes flash calls specified by the attacker. One example of this attack is cross-site flashing, an attacker controlled parameter to a reference call loads from content specified by the attacker.

CAPEC-3: Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters

Some APIs will strip certain leading characters from a string of parameters. An adversary can intentionally introduce leading "ghost" characters (extra characters that don't affect the validity of the request at the API layer) that enable the input to pass the filters and therefore process the adversary's input. This occurs when the targeted API will accept input data in several syntactic forms and interpret it in the equivalent semantic way, while the filter does not take into account the full spectrum of the syntactic forms acceptable to the targeted API.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-6: Argument Injection

An attacker changes the behavior or state of a targeted application through injecting data or command syntax through the targets use of non-validated and non-filtered arguments of exposed services or methods.

CAPEC-71: Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic

An attacker may provide a Unicode string to a system component that is not Unicode aware and use that to circumvent the filter or cause the classifying mechanism to fail to properly understanding the request. That may allow the attacker to slip malicious data past the content filter and/or possibly cause the application to route the request incorrectly.

CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename

An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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