Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

13397 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-69153 (GCVE-0-2026-69153)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 16:56 – Updated: 2026-08-03 18:28
VLAI
Title
PostCSS: incomplete fix of CVE-2026-45623 — attacker-controlled sourceMappingURL reads arbitrary .map files when `from` is unset
Summary
PostCSS takes a CSS file and provides an API to analyze and modify its rules by transforming the rules into an Abstract Syntax Tree. Prior to 8.5.19, if from is unset, an attacker can cause PreviousMap.loadFile() to read an unintended source-map file by supplying an absolute or directory-traversal sourceMappingURL. The resulting map’s sources and sourcesContent may then be exposed to the application. This issue is fixed in version 8.5.19.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
postcss postcss Affected: < 8.5.19
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69110 (GCVE-0-2026-69110)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 15:30 – Updated: 2026-08-04 16:39 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenCode Studio < 2.4.4 Unauthenticated File Read via /api/tmp and /api/music
Summary
OpenCode Studio before 2.4.4 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary files within the temp and static/music directories by directly accessing the GET /api/tmp/:tmpFile and GET /api/music/:fileName endpoints. Attackers can retrieve intermediate audio, video artifacts, and subtitles belonging to other users' jobs, and additionally delete any video by ID through the unauthenticated DELETE /api/short-video/:videoId endpoint.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microck opencode-studio Affected: 0 , < 2.4.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-19 00:00
Credits
YU SUN
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69095 (GCVE-0-2026-69095)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 13:20 – Updated: 2026-08-03 14:09
VLAI
Title
OpenWrt luci-app-bmx7 Path Traversal via bmx7-info
Summary
OpenWrt luci-app-bmx7 before commit 5890760a454dad2cb00389dba2cdc5e779e0ffdd contains a path traversal vulnerability in the bmx7-info CGI script that allows unauthenticated attackers to read files outside the configured runtimeDir. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences in the query string to escape the intended directory and read sensitive files accessible to the CGI process.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openwrt luci Affected: 0 , < 5890760a454dad2cb00389dba2cdc5e779e0ffdd (git)
Unaffected: 5890760a454dad2cb00389dba2cdc5e779e0ffdd (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-20 00:00
Credits
nebusecurity
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69089 (GCVE-0-2026-69089)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 13:20 – Updated: 2026-08-03 20:04
VLAI
Title
Grav CMS before 2.0.11 Path Traversal via watermark
Summary
Grav CMS 2.0.10 contains a path traversal vulnerability in ImageMedium::watermark(), which passes its unsanitized $image argument to RocketTheme\Toolbox\ResourceLocator\UniformResourceLocator::findResource(). Because the file:// scheme branch only lexically collapses '..' segments without a realpath/containment check, an editor authoring Markdown image syntax with traversal sequences can cause arbitrary image files outside Grav's media sandbox to be composited into a carrier image, which is then cached and served from a public, unauthenticated URL — disclosing those files to anonymous visitors.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: 0 , < 2.0.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.0.11 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-21 00:00
Credits
nihaddhuseynli
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69086 (GCVE-0-2026-69086)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 13:20 – Updated: 2026-08-03 15:36
VLAI
Title
SiYuan before v3.7.3 Path Traversal via unvalidated avID
Summary
SiYuan versions before v3.7.3 fail to validate the avID parameter on all code branches in attribute-view read endpoints, allowing attackers to construct traversal paths that escape the storage directory. Authenticated users with RoleReader permissions or anonymous clients when publish authentication is disabled can read JSON files outside the attribute-view directory to disclose cross-scope database content.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
siyuan-note siyuan Affected: 0 , < 3.7.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.7.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-20 00:00
Credits
Shirshakhtml
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67429 (GCVE-0-2026-67429)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 18:50 – Updated: 2026-07-29 19:04
VLAI
Title
Flyto2 Core: Arbitrary file write via image.download (and other file-writing modules)
Summary
Flyto2 Core is an execution kernel for automation and AI-agent workflows. Prior to 2.26.6, image.download and related file-writing modules use caller-controlled output_dir instead of validate_path_with_env_config and its FLYTO_SANDBOX_DIR confinement, allowing attacker-controlled response bytes to be written to arbitrary filesystem paths the process can access. This issue is fixed in version 2.26.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
flytohub flyto-core Affected: < 2.26.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67309 (GCVE-0-2026-67309)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-01 12:22 – Updated: 2026-08-03 16:00
VLAI
Title
Traefik v3.7.0 Path Traversal via RewriteTarget Authentication Bypass
Summary
Traefik versions >= v3.7.0 and <= v3.7.7 contain a path traversal vulnerability in the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX provider's RewriteTarget middleware (generated from the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target annotation). When an Ingress path uses a regex that captures attacker-controlled text without requiring a path separator (e.g., path /api(.*) with rewrite target /$1), a crafted request such as /api../admin matches the public router, is rewritten to a dot-segment traversal path (/../admin), and is forwarded without post-replacement normalization validation. A backend that normalizes dot segments resolves the path to a protected endpoint (e.g., /admin) reachable only through a separate router secured with BasicAuth, DigestAuth, or ForwardAuth, resulting in route-level authentication bypass. The issue is fixed in v3.7.8.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: 3.7.0 , < 3.7.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.7.8 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-16 00:00
Credits
B1gN0Se
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67295 (GCVE-0-2026-67295)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-01 12:22 – Updated: 2026-08-03 15:37
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP before 3.29.0 Path Traversal via drive redirection
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.29.0 fails to properly validate server-supplied RDPDR paths in drive redirection, allowing attackers to access prefix-sibling paths outside the configured shared root. A malicious RDP server can read, write, delete, and enumerate files in sibling directories by sending non-rooted paths that bypass the shared-root boundary check.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 0 , < 3.29.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.29.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-15 00:00
Credits
1121984919
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67247 (GCVE-0-2026-67247)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-30 03:42 – Updated: 2026-08-04 07:32
VLAI
Title
A path traversal vulnerability was found in the IHM Log handling of ADM
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability was found in the IHM Log handling of ADM. The vulnerability occurs because user-controlled disk serial input is not sufficiently validated before being used to construct the path of an IHM log database file. An authenticated attacker can exploit this issue to cause the affected component to access an unintended filesystem path or log database file. Affected products and versions include: from ADM 4.1.0 through ADM 4.3.3.RUN1 as well as from ADM 5.0.0 through ADM 5.1.3.RI81.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (Path Traversal)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ASUSTOR Inc. ADM Affected: 5.0.0 , ≤ 5.1.3.RI81 (custom)
Affected: 4.1.0 , ≤ 4.3.3.RUN1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-30 03:44
Credits
Jincheng Wang (@winmt) from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67246 (GCVE-0-2026-67246)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-30 03:33 – Updated: 2026-08-04 07:31
VLAI
Title
A path traversal vulnerability was found in the Wallpaper component of ADM
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability was found in the Wallpaper component of ADM. The vulnerability occurs because user-controlled wallpaper path input is not sufficiently validated before being used for file access. An authenticated attacker can exploit this issue to access or manipulate files outside the intended wallpaper directory, subject to user permissions and filesystem restrictions. Affected products and versions include: from ADM 4.1.0 through ADM 4.3.3.RUN1 as well as from ADM 5.0.0 through ADM 5.1.3.RI81.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (Path Traversal)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ASUSTOR Inc. ADM Affected: 5.0.0 , ≤ 5.1.3.RI81 (custom)
Affected: 4.1.0 , ≤ 4.3.3.RUN1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-30 03:33
Credits
Jincheng Wang (@winmt) from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
  • Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
  • realpath() in C
  • getCanonicalPath() in Java
  • GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
  • realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
  • realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
  • This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
  • In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.