Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7803 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-VRJ2-P3R5-2MQ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-16 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-16 18:31
VLAI
Details

Improper access control in Intel(R) RAID Web Console software for all versions may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via adjacent access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32940"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-16T17:16:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper access control in Intel(R) RAID Web Console software for all versions may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via adjacent access.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrj2-p3r5-2mq6",
  "modified": "2024-09-16T18:31:22Z",
  "published": "2024-09-16T18:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32940"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00926.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VRJ5-2CPP-XRHH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-20 09:32 – Updated: 2026-04-29 04:11
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Metasoft 美特软件 MetaCRM up to 6.4.2. Affected is an unknown function of the file /common/jsp/upload2.jsp. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7878"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-20T09:15:23Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Metasoft \u7f8e\u7279\u8f6f\u4ef6 MetaCRM up to 6.4.2. Affected is an unknown function of the file /common/jsp/upload2.jsp. The manipulation of the argument File leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrj5-2cpp-xrhh",
  "modified": "2026-04-29T04:11:28Z",
  "published": "2025-07-20T09:32:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7878"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FightingLzn9/vul/blob/main/MetaCRM6-Upload-5.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.316992"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.316992"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.611267"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VRQP-WGCR-W7FH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Improper access control in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T17:16:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper access control in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrqp-wgcr-w7fh",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:03Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T18:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50297"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VRR2-83P8-VP4C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:15 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:15
VLAI
Details

IBM Security Access Manager for Mobile 8.x before 8.0.1 and Security Access Manager for Web 7.x before 7.0.0 FP10 and 8.x before 8.0.1 do not have a lockout period after invalid login attempts, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain admin access via a brute-force attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-6078"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-12-18T16:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Security Access Manager for Mobile 8.x before 8.0.1 and Security Access Manager for Web 7.x before 7.0.0 FP10 and 8.x before 8.0.1 do not have a lockout period after invalid login attempts, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain admin access via a brute-force attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrr2-83p8-vp4c",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:15:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:15:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-6078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/95762"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1IV67358"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1IV67581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21684475"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-VRWX-Q9PJ-X488

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2025-05-28 20:02
VLAI
Summary
Liferay Portal and Liferay DXP Bypass via Double Encoded URL
Details

In Liferay Portal before 7.3.1, com.liferay.portal:com.liferay.portal.impl before 7.1.3 and 7.4.0, Liferay Portal 6.2 EE, and Liferay DXP 7.2, DXP 7.1 and DXP 7.0, the property 'portlet.resource.id.banned.paths.regexp' can be bypassed with doubled encoded URLs.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:com.liferay.portal.impl"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.0.10.fp93"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.1.10.fp19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.2.10.fp7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:release.portal.bom"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.liferay.portal:com.liferay.portal.impl"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-15840"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-28T20:02:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-24T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Liferay Portal before 7.3.1, com.liferay.portal:com.liferay.portal.impl before 7.1.3 and 7.4.0, Liferay Portal 6.2 EE, and Liferay DXP 7.2, DXP 7.1 and DXP 7.0, the property \u0027portlet.resource.id.banned.paths.regexp\u0027 can be bypassed with doubled encoded URLs.",
  "id": "GHSA-vrwx-q9pj-x488",
  "modified": "2025-05-28T20:02:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:29:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15840"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.liferay.com/browse/LPE-17046"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.liferay.dev/learn/security/known-vulnerabilities"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.liferay.dev/learn/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/HbL5mxmVrnXW/content/id/119772204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-COMLIFERAYPORTAL-1296538"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Liferay Portal and Liferay DXP Bypass via Double Encoded URL"
}

GHSA-VV2J-8G5J-V96Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-11 00:30 – Updated: 2025-06-11 00:30
VLAI
Details

Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.22 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. A low privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain limited unauthorized elevated access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46889"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T23:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.22 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. A low privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain limited unauthorized elevated access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv2j-8g5j-v96q",
  "modified": "2025-06-11T00:30:38Z",
  "published": "2025-06-11T00:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46889"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb25-48.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV2R-W4HF-7MHR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:19
VLAI
Details

Windows workloads can run as ContainerAdministrator even when those workloads set the runAsNonRoot option to true.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25749"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-24T17:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows workloads can run as ContainerAdministrator even when those workloads set the runAsNonRoot option to true.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv2r-w4hf-7mhr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:19:42Z",
  "published": "2023-05-24T18:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25749"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/kubernetes-security-announce/c/qqTZgulISzA"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV6X-5WF6-XH93

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:26 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:26
VLAI
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability in the Qualcomm crypto driver could enable a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the kernel. This issue is rated as Critical due to the possibility of remote code execution in the context of the kernel. Product: Android. Versions: N/A. Android ID: A-32652894. References: QC-CR#1077457.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-8418"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-02-08T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability in the Qualcomm crypto driver could enable a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the kernel. This issue is rated as Critical due to the possibility of remote code execution in the context of the kernel. Product: Android. Versions: N/A. Android ID: A-32652894. References: QC-CR#1077457.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv6x-5wf6-xh93",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:26:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:26:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8418"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2017-02-01.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037798"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VV9F-F2HJ-8FJJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-16 00:30 – Updated: 2025-09-16 18:31
VLAI
Details

SourceCodester Web-based Pharmacy Product Management System 1.0 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control, which allows low-privileged users to forge high privileged (such as admin) sessions and perform sensitive operations such as adding new users.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-56274"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-15T22:15:34Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SourceCodester Web-based Pharmacy Product Management System 1.0 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control, which allows low-privileged users to forge high privileged (such as admin) sessions and perform sensitive operations such as adding new users.",
  "id": "GHSA-vv9f-f2hj-8fjj",
  "modified": "2025-09-16T18:31:21Z",
  "published": "2025-09-16T00:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-56274"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Chen1-Boop/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-56274.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sourcecodester.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VVCH-R9R8-HVPX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:00 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:00
VLAI
Details

IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13, 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.8 IFIX005, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.2 IFIX002; Maximo Asset Management 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.8 IFIX005, 7.5.1, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.2 IFIX002 for SmartCloud Control Desk; and Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13 and 7.2 for Tivoli IT Asset Management for IT and certain other products allow remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and establish a login session by entering an expired password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-5017"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-01-03T05:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13, 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.8 IFIX005, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.2 IFIX002; Maximo Asset Management 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.8 IFIX005, 7.5.1, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.2 IFIX002 for SmartCloud Control Desk; and Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13 and 7.2 for Tivoli IT Asset Management for IT and certain other products allow remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and establish a login session by entering an expired password.",
  "id": "GHSA-vvch-r9r8-hvpx",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:00:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:00:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5017"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21969052"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.