Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-W57V-6XP4-RM2V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-23 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-02 20:15
VLAI
Summary
usememos/memos vulnerable to account takeover due to improper access control
Details

usememos/memos is an open-source, self-hosted memo hub with knowledge management and socialization. Versions prior to 0.9.0 improperly maintain access control allowing an attacker to take over an account by changing header values in the HTTP request.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/usememos/memos"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.9.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4689"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-27T01:57:10Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-23T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "usememos/memos is an open-source, self-hosted memo hub with knowledge management and socialization. Versions prior to 0.9.0 improperly maintain access control allowing an attacker to take over an account by changing header values in the HTTP request.",
  "id": "GHSA-w57v-6xp4-rm2v",
  "modified": "2023-01-02T20:15:37Z",
  "published": "2022-12-23T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4689"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/usememos/memos/pull/831"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/usememos/memos/commit/dca35bde877aab6e64ef51b52e590b5d48f692f9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/usememos/memos"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/a78c4326-6e7b-47fe-aa82-461e5c12a4e3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "usememos/memos vulnerable to account takeover due to improper access control"
}

GHSA-W593-RXRH-7R84

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:46 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:46
VLAI
Details

IBM BigFix Remote Control 9.1.3 could allow a remote attacker to perform actions reserved for an administrator without authentication. IBM X-Force ID: 5512.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-2930"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-05-03T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM BigFix Remote Control 9.1.3 could allow a remote attacker to perform actions reserved for an administrator without authentication. IBM X-Force ID: 5512.",
  "id": "GHSA-w593-rxrh-7r84",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:46:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:46:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2930"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg22002331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98304"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5CV-F3XF-C3V2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-22 00:31 – Updated: 2025-11-23 12:30
VLAI
Details

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5. An attacker with physical access to a device may be able to override managed Wi-Fi profiles.

Severity
2.4 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-21T22:16:19Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5. An attacker with physical access to a device may be able to override managed Wi-Fi profiles.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5cv-f3xf-c3v2",
  "modified": "2025-11-23T12:30:12Z",
  "published": "2025-11-22T00:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31216"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5G8-X3J9-HG74

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:05
VLAI
Details

Incorrect access control in the database manager component in Odoo Community 10.0 and 11.0 and Odoo Enterprise 10.0 and 11.0 allows a remote attacker to restore a database dump without knowing the super-admin password. An arbitrary password succeeds.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-14885"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-28T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect access control in the database manager component in Odoo Community 10.0 and 11.0 and Odoo Enterprise 10.0 and 11.0 allows a remote attacker to restore a database dump without knowing the super-admin password. An arbitrary password succeeds.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5g8-x3j9-hg74",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:05:44Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:48:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14885"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/odoo/odoo/issues/32512"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/odoo/odoo/commits/master"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5H7-3QWF-7CG6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-15 06:30 – Updated: 2025-09-15 06:30
VLAI
Details

A security vulnerability has been detected in SourceCodester Pet Grooming Management Software 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/seo_setting.php of the component Setting Handler. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10428"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-15T06:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in SourceCodester Pet Grooming Management Software 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/seo_setting.php of the component Setting Handler. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5h7-3qwf-7cg6",
  "modified": "2025-09-15T06:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-09-15T06:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10428"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/joinia/webray.com.cn/blob/main/Pet-grooming-management-software/petgrooming-upload-seosetting.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.323862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.323862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.647464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5HC-FQ4M-PCM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:50 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:58
VLAI
Details

The Data Provisioning Agent (aka DP Agent) in SAP HANA does not properly restrict access to service functionality, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, gain privileges, and conduct unspecified other attacks via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2262742.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-4018"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-04-14T14:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Data Provisioning Agent (aka DP Agent) in SAP HANA does not properly restrict access to service functionality, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, gain privileges, and conduct unspecified other attacks via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2262742.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5hc-fq4m-pcm2",
  "modified": "2025-04-12T12:58:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:50:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4018"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://erpscan.io/press-center/blog/dos-vulnerabilities-on-the-rise-sap-security-notes-april-2016"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5J4-7FC7-2HPR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-14 12:30 – Updated: 2025-09-14 12:30
VLAI
Details

A security flaw has been discovered in fcba_zzm ics-park Smart Park Management System 2.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file FileUploadUtils.java. The manipulation of the argument File results in unrestricted upload. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10398"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-14T12:15:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A security flaw has been discovered in fcba_zzm ics-park Smart Park Management System 2.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file FileUploadUtils.java. The manipulation of the argument File results in unrestricted upload. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5j4-7fc7-2hpr",
  "modified": "2025-09-14T12:30:24Z",
  "published": "2025-09-14T12:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10398"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Yyjccc/CVE/issues/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.323833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.323833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.646303"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5PC-M664-R62V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-24 19:43 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:19
VLAI
Summary
A PinchTab Security Policy Bypass in /wait Allows Arbitrary JavaScript Execution
Details

Summary

PinchTab v0.8.3 through v0.8.5 allow arbitrary JavaScript execution through POST /wait and POST /tabs/{id}/wait when the request uses fn mode, even if security.allowEvaluate is disabled.

POST /evaluate correctly enforces the security.allowEvaluate guard, which is disabled by default. However, in the affected releases, POST /wait accepted a user-controlled fn expression, embedded it directly into executable JavaScript, and evaluated it in the browser context without checking the same policy.

This is a security-policy bypass rather than a separate authentication bypass. Exploitation still requires authenticated API access, but a caller with the server token can execute arbitrary JavaScript in a tab context even when the operator explicitly disabled JavaScript evaluation.

The current worktree fixes this by applying the same policy boundary to fn mode in /wait that already exists on /evaluate, while preserving the non-code wait modes.

Details

Issue 1 — /evaluate enforced the guard, /wait did not (v0.8.3 through v0.8.5): The dedicated evaluate endpoint rejected requests when security.allowEvaluate was disabled:

// internal/handlers/evaluate.go — v0.8.5
func (h *Handlers) evaluateEnabled() bool {
    return h != nil && h.Config != nil && h.Config.AllowEvaluate
}

func (h *Handlers) HandleEvaluate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if !h.evaluateEnabled() {
        httpx.ErrorCode(w, 403, "evaluate_disabled", httpx.DisabledEndpointMessage("evaluate", "security.allowEvaluate"), false, map[string]any{
            "setting": "security.allowEvaluate",
        })
        return
    }
    // ...
}

In the same releases, /wait did not apply that guard before evaluating fn:

// internal/handlers/wait.go — v0.8.5 (vulnerable)
func (h *Handlers) handleWaitCore(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, req waitRequest) {
    mode := req.mode()
    if mode == "" {
        httpx.Error(w, 400, fmt.Errorf("one of selector, text, url, load, fn, or ms is required"))
        return
    }

    // No evaluateEnabled() check here in affected releases
    // ...
}

Issue 2 — fn mode evaluated caller-supplied JavaScript directly: The fn branch built executable JavaScript from the request field and passed it to chromedp.Evaluate:

// internal/handlers/wait.go — v0.8.5 (vulnerable)
case "fn":
    js = fmt.Sprintf(`!!(function(){try{return %s}catch(e){return false}})()`, req.Fn)
    matchLabel = "fn"

// Poll loop
evalErr := chromedp.Run(tCtx, chromedp.Evaluate(js, &result))

Because req.Fn was interpolated directly into evaluated JavaScript, a caller could supply expressions with side effects, not just passive predicates.

Issue 3 — Current worktree contains an unreleased fix: The current worktree closes this gap by making fn mode in /wait respect the same security.allowEvaluate policy boundary that /evaluate already enforced. The underlying non-code wait modes remain available.

PoC

Prerequisites

  • PinchTab v0.8.3, v0.8.4, or v0.8.5
  • A configured API token
  • security.allowEvaluate = false
  • A reachable tab context, created by the caller or already present

Step 1 — Confirm /evaluate is blocked by policy

curl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/evaluate \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"expression":"1+1"}'

Expected:

{
  "code": "evaluate_disabled"
}

Step 2 — Open a tab

curl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/navigate \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"url":"https://example.com"}'

Example result:

{
  "tabId": "<TAB_ID>",
  "title": "Example Domain",
  "url": "https://example.com/"
}

Step 3 — Execute JavaScript through /wait using fn mode

curl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/wait \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "tabId":"<TAB_ID>",
    "fn":"(function(){window._poc_executed=true;return true})()",
    "timeout":5000
  }'

Example result:

{
  "waited": true,
  "elapsed": 1,
  "match": "fn"
}

Step 4 — Verify the side effect

curl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/wait \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "tabId":"<TAB_ID>",
    "fn":"window._poc_executed === true",
    "timeout":3000
  }'

Example result:

{
  "waited": true,
  "elapsed": 0,
  "match": "fn"
}

Observation 1. /evaluate returns evaluate_disabled when security.allowEvaluate is off. 2. /wait still evaluates caller-supplied JavaScript through fn mode in the affected releases. 3. The first /wait request introduces a side effect in page state. 4. The second /wait request confirms that the side effect occurred, demonstrating arbitrary JavaScript execution despite the disabled evaluate policy.

Impact

  1. Bypass of the explicit security.allowEvaluate control in v0.8.3 through v0.8.5.
  2. Arbitrary JavaScript execution in the reachable browser tab context for callers who already possess the server API token.
  3. Ability to read or modify page state and act within authenticated browser sessions available to that tab context.
  4. Inconsistent security boundaries between /evaluate and /wait, making the configured execution policy unreliable.
  5. This is not an unauthenticated issue. Practical risk depends on who can access the API and whether the deployment exposes tabs containing sensitive authenticated state.

Suggested Remediation

  1. Make fn mode in /wait enforce the same policy check as /evaluate.
  2. Keep non-code wait modes available when JavaScript evaluation is disabled.
  3. Add regression coverage so the policy boundary remains consistent across endpoints.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/pinchtab/pinchtab/cmd/pinchtab"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.8.3"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.8.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/pinchtab/pinchtab"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.8.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-33622"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-693",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-24T19:43:30Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T21:17:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nPinchTab `v0.8.3` through `v0.8.5` allow arbitrary JavaScript execution through `POST /wait` and `POST /tabs/{id}/wait` when the request uses `fn` mode, even if `security.allowEvaluate` is disabled.\n\n`POST /evaluate` correctly enforces the `security.allowEvaluate` guard, which is disabled by default. However, in the affected releases, `POST /wait` accepted a user-controlled `fn` expression, embedded it directly into executable JavaScript, and evaluated it in the browser context without checking the same policy.\n\nThis is a security-policy bypass rather than a separate authentication bypass. Exploitation still requires authenticated API access, but a caller with the server token can execute arbitrary JavaScript in a tab context even when the operator explicitly disabled JavaScript evaluation.\n\nThe current worktree fixes this by applying the same policy boundary to `fn` mode in `/wait` that already exists on `/evaluate`, while preserving the non-code wait modes.\n\n### Details\n**Issue 1 \u2014 `/evaluate` enforced the guard, `/wait` did not (`v0.8.3` through `v0.8.5`):**\nThe dedicated evaluate endpoint rejected requests when `security.allowEvaluate` was disabled:\n\n```go\n// internal/handlers/evaluate.go \u2014 v0.8.5\nfunc (h *Handlers) evaluateEnabled() bool {\n    return h != nil \u0026\u0026 h.Config != nil \u0026\u0026 h.Config.AllowEvaluate\n}\n\nfunc (h *Handlers) HandleEvaluate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n    if !h.evaluateEnabled() {\n        httpx.ErrorCode(w, 403, \"evaluate_disabled\", httpx.DisabledEndpointMessage(\"evaluate\", \"security.allowEvaluate\"), false, map[string]any{\n            \"setting\": \"security.allowEvaluate\",\n        })\n        return\n    }\n    // ...\n}\n```\n\nIn the same releases, `/wait` did not apply that guard before evaluating `fn`:\n\n```go\n// internal/handlers/wait.go \u2014 v0.8.5 (vulnerable)\nfunc (h *Handlers) handleWaitCore(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, req waitRequest) {\n    mode := req.mode()\n    if mode == \"\" {\n        httpx.Error(w, 400, fmt.Errorf(\"one of selector, text, url, load, fn, or ms is required\"))\n        return\n    }\n\n    // No evaluateEnabled() check here in affected releases\n    // ...\n}\n```\n\n**Issue 2 \u2014 `fn` mode evaluated caller-supplied JavaScript directly:**\nThe `fn` branch built executable JavaScript from the request field and passed it to `chromedp.Evaluate`:\n\n```go\n// internal/handlers/wait.go \u2014 v0.8.5 (vulnerable)\ncase \"fn\":\n    js = fmt.Sprintf(`!!(function(){try{return %s}catch(e){return false}})()`, req.Fn)\n    matchLabel = \"fn\"\n\n// Poll loop\nevalErr := chromedp.Run(tCtx, chromedp.Evaluate(js, \u0026result))\n```\n\nBecause `req.Fn` was interpolated directly into evaluated JavaScript, a caller could supply expressions with side effects, not just passive predicates.\n\n**Issue 3 \u2014 Current worktree contains an unreleased fix:**\nThe current worktree closes this gap by making `fn` mode in `/wait` respect the same `security.allowEvaluate` policy boundary that `/evaluate` already enforced. The underlying non-code wait modes remain available.\n\n### PoC\n**Prerequisites**\n\n- PinchTab `v0.8.3`, `v0.8.4`, or `v0.8.5`\n- A configured API token\n- `security.allowEvaluate = false`\n- A reachable tab context, created by the caller or already present\n\n**Step 1 \u2014 Confirm `/evaluate` is blocked by policy**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/evaluate \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer \u003cTOKEN\u003e\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\"expression\":\"1+1\"}\u0027\n```\n\nExpected:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"code\": \"evaluate_disabled\"\n}\n```\n\n**Step 2 \u2014 Open a tab**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/navigate \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer \u003cTOKEN\u003e\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\"url\":\"https://example.com\"}\u0027\n```\n\nExample result:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"tabId\": \"\u003cTAB_ID\u003e\",\n  \"title\": \"Example Domain\",\n  \"url\": \"https://example.com/\"\n}\n```\n\n**Step 3 \u2014 Execute JavaScript through `/wait` using `fn` mode**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/wait \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer \u003cTOKEN\u003e\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"tabId\":\"\u003cTAB_ID\u003e\",\n    \"fn\":\"(function(){window._poc_executed=true;return true})()\",\n    \"timeout\":5000\n  }\u0027\n```\n\nExample result:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"waited\": true,\n  \"elapsed\": 1,\n  \"match\": \"fn\"\n}\n```\n\n**Step 4 \u2014 Verify the side effect**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:9867/wait \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer \u003cTOKEN\u003e\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"tabId\":\"\u003cTAB_ID\u003e\",\n    \"fn\":\"window._poc_executed === true\",\n    \"timeout\":3000\n  }\u0027\n```\n\nExample result:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"waited\": true,\n  \"elapsed\": 0,\n  \"match\": \"fn\"\n}\n```\n\n**Observation**\n1. `/evaluate` returns `evaluate_disabled` when `security.allowEvaluate` is off.\n2. `/wait` still evaluates caller-supplied JavaScript through `fn` mode in the affected releases.\n3. The first `/wait` request introduces a side effect in page state.\n4. The second `/wait` request confirms that the side effect occurred, demonstrating arbitrary JavaScript execution despite the disabled evaluate policy.\n\n### Impact\n1. Bypass of the explicit `security.allowEvaluate` control in `v0.8.3` through `v0.8.5`.\n2. Arbitrary JavaScript execution in the reachable browser tab context for callers who already possess the server API token.\n3. Ability to read or modify page state and act within authenticated browser sessions available to that tab context.\n4. Inconsistent security boundaries between `/evaluate` and `/wait`, making the configured execution policy unreliable.\n5. This is not an unauthenticated issue. Practical risk depends on who can access the API and whether the deployment exposes tabs containing sensitive authenticated state.\n\n### Suggested Remediation\n1. Make `fn` mode in `/wait` enforce the same policy check as `/evaluate`.\n2. Keep non-code wait modes available when JavaScript evaluation is disabled.\n3. Add regression coverage so the policy boundary remains consistent across endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5pc-m664-r62v",
  "modified": "2026-03-27T21:19:00Z",
  "published": "2026-03-24T19:43:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pinchtab/pinchtab/security/advisories/GHSA-w5pc-m664-r62v"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33622"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pinchtab/pinchtab"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "A PinchTab Security Policy Bypass in /wait Allows Arbitrary JavaScript Execution"
}

GHSA-W5RC-V4P4-22H8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:21 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:21
VLAI
Details

Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via unspecified vectors.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6958"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-10-13T19:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5rc-v4p4-22h8",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:21:29Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:21:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6958"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb16-33.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036986"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-W5XQ-C4PF-GHQ7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 06:31 – Updated: 2026-06-12 15:05
VLAI
Summary
MLflow authenticated users can enumerate any registered model versions due to lack of per-model permissions checks
Details

In mlflow/mlflow versions up to 3.9.0, the SearchModelVersions REST API endpoint and the mlflowSearchModelVersions GraphQL query lack proper per-model authorization checks when basic authentication is enabled. This allows any authenticated user to enumerate all model versions across all registered models, regardless of their permission level. The issue arises due to the absence of SearchModelVersions in the BEFORE_REQUEST_VALIDATORS and AFTER_REQUEST_HANDLERS for the REST API, and its omission from GraphQLAuthorizationMiddleware.PROTECTED_FIELDS for GraphQL. This vulnerability can expose sensitive information such as model names, version descriptions, source URIs, tags, and other metadata, potentially revealing proprietary or confidential details in multi-tenant environments. The issue is resolved in version 3.10.0.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "mlflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.10.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2734"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-12T15:05:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T05:16:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In mlflow/mlflow versions up to 3.9.0, the `SearchModelVersions` REST API endpoint and the `mlflowSearchModelVersions` GraphQL query lack proper per-model authorization checks when basic authentication is enabled. This allows any authenticated user to enumerate all model versions across all registered models, regardless of their permission level. The issue arises due to the absence of `SearchModelVersions` in the `BEFORE_REQUEST_VALIDATORS` and `AFTER_REQUEST_HANDLERS` for the REST API, and its omission from `GraphQLAuthorizationMiddleware.PROTECTED_FIELDS` for GraphQL. This vulnerability can expose sensitive information such as model names, version descriptions, source URIs, tags, and other metadata, potentially revealing proprietary or confidential details in multi-tenant environments. The issue is resolved in version 3.10.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-w5xq-c4pf-ghq7",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T15:05:41Z",
  "published": "2026-05-21T06:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2734"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow/commit/6989066af33fdcb03588fd71a1a67f8fc5ef12c9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/d632f783-b2c7-4a3b-af5e-1d693e841c08"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "MLflow authenticated users can enumerate any registered model versions due to lack of per-model permissions checks"
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.

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