CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5984 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-356P-VP2Q-7RG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:35An issue was discovered in B&R Industrial Automation APROL before R4.2 V7.08. An attacker can get access to historical data from AprolSqlServer by bypassing authentication, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-16358.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19878"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-27T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in B\u0026R Industrial Automation APROL before R4.2 V7.08. An attacker can get access to historical data from AprolSqlServer by bypassing authentication, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-16358.",
"id": "GHSA-356p-vp2q-7rg4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:35:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.br-automation.com/downloads_br_productcatalogue/BRP44400000000000000585952/APROL_R42_A1_ReleaseNotes_001.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-35C5-28PG-2QG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:10 – Updated: 2024-04-25 22:11An issue was discovered in the LDAP component in Symfony 2.8.x before 2.8.37, 3.3.x before 3.3.17, 3.4.x before 3.4.7, and 4.0.x before 4.0.7. It allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by logging in with a "null" password and valid username, which triggers an unauthenticated bind. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2016-2403.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.37"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.37"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/security"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.37"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11407"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-25T22:11:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-13T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the LDAP component in Symfony 2.8.x before 2.8.37, 3.3.x before 3.3.17, 3.4.x before 3.4.7, and 4.0.x before 4.0.7. It allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by logging in with a \"null\" password and valid username, which triggers an unauthenticated bind. **NOTE:** this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2016-2403.",
"id": "GHSA-35c5-28pg-2qg4",
"modified": "2024-04-25T22:11:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:10:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11407"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony/pull/27377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony/commit/b46fc93785d37ffa5d706a82cd175b33ce8f2934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/security-core/CVE-2018-11407.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/security/CVE-2018-11407.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/symfony/CVE-2018-11407.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://symfony.com/blog/cve-2018-11407-unauthorized-access-on-a-misconfigured-ldap-server-when-using-an-empty-password"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://symfony.com/cve-2018-11407"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Symfony Authentication Bypass"
}
GHSA-35G3-X9XW-F42C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager, allow the /cfg web app and diagnostic endpoints, on port 8443, to be accessed via port 443 using a custom host header. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 could tamper with host headers to facilitate access to the /cfg web app, in addition a malicious actor could access /cfg diagnostic endpoints without authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22002"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-31T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager, allow the /cfg web app and diagnostic endpoints, on port 8443, to be accessed via port 443 using a custom host header. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 could tamper with host headers to facilitate access to the /cfg web app, in addition a malicious actor could access /cfg diagnostic endpoints without authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-35g3-x9xw-f42c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2021-0016.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-35P2-8GMG-PP6J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-28 03:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 06:32Improper authentication vulnerability in NEC Corporation Aterm WG1800HP4, WG1200HS3, WG1900HP2, WG1200HP3, WG1800HP3, WG1200HS2, WG1900HP, WG1200HP2, W1200EX(-MS), WG1200HS, WG1200HP, WF300HP2, W300P, WF800HP, WR8165N, WG2200HP, WF1200HP2, WG1800HP2, WF1200HP, WG600HP, WG300HP, WF300HP, WG1800HP, WG1400HP, WR8175N, WR9300N, WR8750N, WR8160N, WR9500N, WR8600N, WR8370N, WR8170N, WR8700N, WR8300N, WR8150N, WR4100N, WR4500N, WR8100N, WR8500N, CR2500P, WR8400N, WR8200N, WR1200H, WR7870S, WR6670S, WR7850S, WR6650S, WR6600H, WR7800H, WM3400RN, WM3450RN, WM3500R, WM3600R, WM3800R, WR8166N, MR01LN and MR02LN all versions allows a attacker to execute an arbitrary command with the root privilege via the internet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28007"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-28T01:15:47Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper authentication vulnerability in NEC Corporation Aterm WG1800HP4, WG1200HS3, WG1900HP2, WG1200HP3, WG1800HP3, WG1200HS2, WG1900HP, WG1200HP2, W1200EX(-MS), WG1200HS, WG1200HP, WF300HP2, W300P, WF800HP, WR8165N, WG2200HP, WF1200HP2, WG1800HP2, WF1200HP, WG600HP, WG300HP, WF300HP, WG1800HP, WG1400HP, WR8175N, WR9300N, WR8750N, WR8160N, WR9500N, WR8600N, WR8370N, WR8170N, WR8700N, WR8300N, WR8150N, WR4100N, WR4500N, WR8100N, WR8500N, CR2500P, WR8400N, WR8200N, WR1200H, WR7870S, WR6670S, WR7850S, WR6650S, WR6600H, WR7800H, WM3400RN, WM3450RN, WM3500R, WM3600R, WM3800R, WR8166N, MR01LN and MR02LN all versions allows a attacker to execute an arbitrary command with the root privilege via the internet.",
"id": "GHSA-35p2-8gmg-pp6j",
"modified": "2025-01-14T06:32:00Z",
"published": "2024-03-28T03:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-001_en.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-001_en.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-35Q6-5V8G-78C6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-30 18:31 – Updated: 2023-11-30 18:31Tyler Technologies Court Case Management Plus may store backups in a location that can be accessed by a remote, unauthenticated attacker. Backups may contain sensitive information such as database credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-6375"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-552"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-30T18:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tyler Technologies Court Case Management Plus may store backups in a location that can be accessed by a remote, unauthenticated attacker. Backups may contain sensitive information such as database credentials.\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-35q6-5v8g-78c6",
"modified": "2023-11-30T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2023-11-30T18:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/qwell/disorder-in-the-court/blob/main/README-TylerTechnologies.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://techcrunch.com/2023/11/30/us-court-records-systems-vulnerabilities-exposed-sealed-documents"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2023/11/30/multiple-vulnerabilities-affecting-web-based-court-case-and-document-management-systems"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tylertech.com/solutions/courts-public-safety/courts-justice"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-35R4-97WH-88X3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42ModernFlow before 1.3.00.208 does not constrain web-page access to members of a security group, as demonstrated by the Search Screen and the Profile Screen.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3339"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-19T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ModernFlow before 1.3.00.208 does not constrain web-page access to members of a security group, as demonstrated by the Search Screen and the Profile Screen.",
"id": "GHSA-35r4-97wh-88x3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3339"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://4sightwebsite.azurewebsites.net/mf_releaseNotes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://appsource.microsoft.com/en-us/product/web-apps/acctech-systems-pty-ltd.modernflow-saas?tab=overview"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-35VM-P7H9-Q944
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:52 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:52The Real Time Monitoring Tool (RTMT) web application in Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) 10.0(1) and earlier does not properly enforce authentication requirements, which allows remote attackers to read application files via a direct request to a URL, aka Bug ID CSCum46495.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-0732"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-02-20T05:18:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Real Time Monitoring Tool (RTMT) web application in Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) 10.0(1) and earlier does not properly enforce authentication requirements, which allows remote attackers to read application files via a direct request to a URL, aka Bug ID CSCum46495.",
"id": "GHSA-35vm-p7h9-q944",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:52:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:52:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-0732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityNotice/CVE-2014-0732"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/viewAlert.x?alertId=32913"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-35VX-Q8FX-9JG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:07 – Updated: 2022-05-02 00:07Addalink 1.0 beta 4 and earlier allows remote attackers to (1) approve web-site additions via a modified approved field and (2) change the visit-counter value via a modified counter field.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-4146"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-09-24T05:41:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Addalink 1.0 beta 4 and earlier allows remote attackers to (1) approve web-site additions via a modified approved field and (2) change the visit-counter value via a modified counter field.",
"id": "GHSA-35vx-q8fx-9jg2",
"modified": "2022-05-02T00:07:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T00:07:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/6482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4295"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2606"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-35WJ-3F68-9HRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:52 – Updated: 2025-04-09 04:06Cerberus Helpdesk before 4.0 (Build 600) allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via direct requests for "controllers ... that aren't standard helpdesk pages," possibly involving the (1) /display and (2) /kb URIs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-6440"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-03-06T18:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cerberus Helpdesk before 4.0 (Build 600) allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via direct requests for \"controllers ... that aren\u0027t standard helpdesk pages,\" possibly involving the (1) /display and (2) /kb URIs.",
"id": "GHSA-35wj-3f68-9hrj",
"modified": "2025-04-09T04:06:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:52:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/30344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cerb4.com/blog/2008/05/15/important-security-patch-40-build-599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29335"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-363X-QXHW-JJX9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:49Aptdaemon 0.43 and earlier in Ubuntu 11.04, 11.10, and 12.04 LTS does not authenticate packages when the transaction is not simulated, which allows remote attackers to install arbitrary packages via a man-in-the-middle attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-0944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-06-04T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Aptdaemon 0.43 and earlier in Ubuntu 11.04, 11.10, and 12.04 LTS does not authenticate packages when the transaction is not simulated, which allows remote attackers to install arbitrary packages via a man-in-the-middle attack.",
"id": "GHSA-363x-qxhw-jjx9",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:49:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:49:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/%2Bsource/aptdaemon/%2Bbug/959131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/74553"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ubuntu.com/usn/usn-1414-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/80887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/52855"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.