CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5968 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-78X2-CWP9-5J42
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-20 20:04 – Updated: 2024-10-29 20:00Impact
Improper authentication on some endpoints used for member actions would allow an attacker to perform member-only actions, and read member information.
Vulnerable versions
This security vulnerability is present in Ghost v4.46.0-v5.89.5.
Ghost(Pro) customers are automatically updated to fixed versions ahead of disclosure.
If you're a self-hoster, please follow our update instructions.
Patches
v5.89.5 contains a fix for this issue.
Workarounds
Disable site membership in Ghost settings.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Email us at security@ghost.org
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "ghost"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.46.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.89.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@tryghost/portal"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.22.2"
},
{
"fixed": "2.39.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43409"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-20T20:04:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-20T15:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nImproper authentication on some endpoints used for member actions would allow an attacker to perform member-only actions, and read member information.\n\n### Vulnerable versions\n\nThis security vulnerability is present in Ghost v4.46.0-v5.89.5.\n\nGhost(Pro) customers are automatically updated to fixed versions ahead of disclosure.\n\nIf you\u0027re a self-hoster, please follow our [update instructions](https://ghost.org/docs/update).\n\n### Patches\n\nv5.89.5 contains a fix for this issue.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nDisable site membership in Ghost settings.\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Email us at [security@ghost.org](mailto:security@ghost.org)\n",
"id": "GHSA-78x2-cwp9-5j42",
"modified": "2024-10-29T20:00:41Z",
"published": "2024-08-20T20:04:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost/security/advisories/GHSA-78x2-cwp9-5j42"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43409"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost/commit/dac25612520b571f58679764ecc27109e641d1db"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Ghost\u0027s improper authentication allows access to member information and actions"
}
GHSA-7923-5QWC-8V2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-22 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-31 21:30The communication protocol implemented in Ghost Robotics Vision 60 v0.27.2 could allow an attacker to send commands to the robot from an external attack station, impersonating the control station (tablet) and gaining unauthorised full control of the robot. The absence of encryption and authentication mechanisms in the communication protocol allows an attacker to capture legitimate traffic between the robot and the controller, replicate it, and send any valid command to the robot from any attacking computer or device. The communication protocol used in this interface is based on MAVLink, a widely documented protocol, which increases the likelihood of attack. There are two methods for connecting to the robot remotely: Wi-Fi and 4G/LTE.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41108"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-22T09:15:36Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The communication protocol implemented in Ghost Robotics Vision 60 v0.27.2 could allow an attacker to send commands to the robot from an external attack station, impersonating the control station (tablet) and gaining unauthorised full control of the robot. The absence of encryption and authentication mechanisms in the communication protocol allows an attacker to capture legitimate traffic between the robot and the controller, replicate it, and send any valid command to the robot from any attacking computer or device. The communication protocol used in this interface is based on MAVLink, a widely documented protocol, which increases the likelihood of attack. There are two methods for connecting to the robot remotely: Wi-Fi and 4G/LTE.",
"id": "GHSA-7923-5qwc-8v2q",
"modified": "2025-10-31T21:30:58Z",
"published": "2025-10-22T09:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-ghost-robotics-vision-60"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-797J-6CF4-3F6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:09 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:09Huawei Video Content Management (VCM) before V100R001C10SPC001 does not properly "authenticate online user identities and privileges," which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges and perform a case operation as another user via a crafted message, aka "Horizontal Privilege Escalation Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-8332"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-28T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Huawei Video Content Management (VCM) before V100R001C10SPC001 does not properly \"authenticate online user identities and privileges,\" which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges and perform a case operation as another user via a crafted message, aka \"Horizontal Privilege Escalation Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-797j-6cf4-3f6f",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:09:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:09:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www1.huawei.com/en/security/psirt/security-bulletins/security-advisories/hw-462985.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79C2-28C3-2CP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:32 – Updated: 2025-04-11 04:11The HP Integrated Lights-Out (iLO) BMC implementation allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary IPMI commands by using cipher suite 0 (aka cipher zero) and an arbitrary password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-4784"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-07-08T22:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The HP Integrated Lights-Out (iLO) BMC implementation allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary IPMI commands by using cipher suite 0 (aka cipher zero) and an arbitrary password.",
"id": "GHSA-79c2-28c3-2cp6",
"modified": "2025-04-11T04:11:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:32:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-4784"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/85569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/freeipmi-devel/2013-02/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://fish2.com/ipmi/cipherzero.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/show/osvdb/93040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.metasploit.com/modules/auxiliary/scanner/ipmi/ipmi_cipher_zero"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2015-1972971.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/07/ipmi"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-79F6-44F9-WH5P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-18 09:31 – Updated: 2024-12-18 09:31The Biagiotti Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying a user's identity prior to authenticating them. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as other users, such as administrators, granted they have access to an email.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12287"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-18T07:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Biagiotti Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying a user\u0027s identity prior to authenticating them. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as other users, such as administrators, granted they have access to an email.",
"id": "GHSA-79f6-44f9-wh5p",
"modified": "2024-12-18T09:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-12-18T09:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12287"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://themeforest.net/item/biagiotti-beauty-and-cosmetics-shop/24645919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/12f319df-41eb-484a-8fca-af6ae76f4179?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79FX-VXCW-M53C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 02:23 – Updated: 2022-05-01 02:23relocate_server.php in Coppermine Photo Gallery (CPG) 1.4.2 and 1.4 beta is not removed after installation and does not use authentication, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, such as database configuration, via a direct request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2005-3979"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2005-12-03T19:03:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "relocate_server.php in Coppermine Photo Gallery (CPG) 1.4.2 and 1.4 beta is not removed after installation and does not use authentication, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, such as database configuration, via a direct request.",
"id": "GHSA-79fx-vxcw-m53c",
"modified": "2022-05-01T02:23:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T02:23:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2005-3979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://coppermine-gallery.net/forum/index.php?topic=24217.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/17855"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2005/2698"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-79GJ-6H44-RVGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:25 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:25IBM Rational ClearQuest 7.1 before 7.1.2.15, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.12, and 8.0.1 before 8.0.1.5 does not properly implement the Local Access Only protection mechanism, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and read files via the Help Server Administration feature.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-3106"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-09-23T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Rational ClearQuest 7.1 before 7.1.2.15, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.12, and 8.0.1 before 8.0.1.5 does not properly implement the Local Access Only protection mechanism, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and read files via the Help Server Administration feature.",
"id": "GHSA-79gj-6h44-rvgj",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:25:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:25:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/94313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21682950"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-79GV-5CGX-X6RX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-22 00:24 – Updated: 2024-01-12 20:43TYPO3 before 4.3.12, 4.4.x before 4.4.9, and 4.5.x before 4.5.4 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms in the backend through a crafted request.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-4628"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-12T20:43:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-06T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TYPO3 before 4.3.12, 4.4.x before 4.4.9, and 4.5.x before 4.5.4 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms in the backend through a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-79gv-5cgx-x6rx",
"modified": "2024-01-12T20:43:33Z",
"published": "2022-04-22T00:24:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-4628"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/TYPO3/typo3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2011-4628"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa-2011-001/#Authentication_Delay_Bypass"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Typo3 Authentication Bypass"
}
GHSA-79GX-P4G6-75QP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-25 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-26 21:31An issue in TheGreenBow Windows Standard VPN Client 6.87.108 (and older), Windows Enterprise VPN Client 6.87.109 (and older), Windows Enterprise VPN Client 7.5.007 (and older), Android VPN Client 6.4.5 (and older) VPN Client Linux 3.4 (and older), VPN Client MacOS 2.4.10 (and older) allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the IKEv2 Authentication phase, it accepts malformed ECDSA signatures and establishes the tunnel.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45750"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-25T18:15:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in TheGreenBow Windows Standard VPN Client 6.87.108 (and older), Windows Enterprise VPN Client 6.87.109 (and older), Windows Enterprise VPN Client 7.5.007 (and older), Android VPN Client 6.4.5 (and older) VPN Client Linux 3.4 (and older), VPN Client MacOS 2.4.10 (and older) allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the IKEv2 Authentication phase, it accepts malformed ECDSA signatures and establishes the tunnel.",
"id": "GHSA-79gx-p4g6-75qp",
"modified": "2024-09-26T21:31:11Z",
"published": "2024-09-25T18:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://thegreenbow.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.thegreenbow.com/en/support/security-alerts/#deeplink-17024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79J4-MGPG-FRJ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:31 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:31Opera displays a cached certificate for a (1) 4xx or (2) 5xx CONNECT response page returned by a proxy server, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof an arbitrary https site by letting a browser obtain a valid certificate from this site during one request, and then sending the browser a crafted 502 response page upon a subsequent request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-2070"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-06-15T19:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Opera displays a cached certificate for a (1) 4xx or (2) 5xx CONNECT response page returned by a proxy server, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof an arbitrary https site by letting a browser obtain a valid certificate from this site during one request, and then sending the browser a crafted 502 response page upon a subsequent request.",
"id": "GHSA-79j4-mgpg-frj9",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:31:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/default.aspx?id=79323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/79323/pbp-final-with-update.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35411"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.