CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5968 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7G33-JCHX-2FJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Bluetooth LE and BR/EDR secure pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification 2.1 through 5.2 may permit a nearby man-in-the-middle attacker to identify the Passkey used during pairing (in the Passkey authentication procedure) by reflection of the public key and the authentication evidence of the initiating device, potentially permitting this attacker to complete authenticated pairing with the responding device using the correct Passkey for the pairing session. The attack methodology determines the Passkey value one bit at a time.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-24T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Bluetooth LE and BR/EDR secure pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification 2.1 through 5.2 may permit a nearby man-in-the-middle attacker to identify the Passkey used during pairing (in the Passkey authentication procedure) by reflection of the public key and the authentication evidence of the initiating device, potentially permitting this attacker to complete authenticated pairing with the responding device using the correct Passkey for the pairing session. The attack methodology determines the Passkey value one bit at a time.",
"id": "GHSA-7g33-jchx-2fjc",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:03:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/799380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00019.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NSS6CTGE4UGTJLCOZOASDR3T3SLL6QJZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NSS6CTGE4UGTJLCOZOASDR3T3SLL6QJZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bluetooth.com/learn-about-bluetooth/key-attributes/bluetooth-security/reporting-security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00517.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00520.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/799380"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7G52-J5FP-G582
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2025-05-30 18:30In GFOS Workforce Management 4.8.272.1, the login page of application is prone to authentication bypass, allowing anyone (who knows a user's credentials except the password) to get access to an account. This occurs because of JSESSIONID mismanagement.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38618"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-04T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GFOS Workforce Management 4.8.272.1, the login page of application is prone to authentication bypass, allowing anyone (who knows a user\u0027s credentials except the password) to get access to an account. This occurs because of JSESSIONID mismanagement.",
"id": "GHSA-7g52-j5fp-g582",
"modified": "2025-05-30T18:30:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38618"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cds.thalesgroup.com/en/tcs-cert/CVE-2021-38618"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://excellium-services.com/cert-xlm-advisory/cve-2021-38618"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7G5F-32J4-FFM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:15 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:15main/manager.c in the Manager Interface in Asterisk Open Source 1.6.2.x before 1.6.2.24, 1.8.x before 1.8.11.1, and 10.x before 10.3.1 and Asterisk Business Edition C.3.x before C.3.7.4 does not properly enforce System class authorization requirements, which allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via (1) the originate action in the MixMonitor application, (2) the SHELL and EVAL functions in the GetVar manager action, or (3) the SHELL and EVAL functions in the Status manager action.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-2414"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-04-30T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "main/manager.c in the Manager Interface in Asterisk Open Source 1.6.2.x before 1.6.2.24, 1.8.x before 1.8.11.1, and 10.x before 10.3.1 and Asterisk Business Edition C.3.x before C.3.7.4 does not properly enforce System class authorization requirements, which allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via (1) the originate action in the MixMonitor application, (2) the SHELL and EVAL functions in the GetVar manager action, or (3) the SHELL and EVAL functions in the Status manager action.",
"id": "GHSA-7g5f-32j4-ffm7",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:15:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:15:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-2414"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/75100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/security/AST-2012-004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2012-May/079759.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/81454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48941"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2460"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/53206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1026961"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7G7J-XM76-28W4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:31A vulnerability was detected in OpenClaw up to 2026.1.24. The impacted element is the function handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest of the file extensions/bluebubbles/src/monitor.ts of the component bluebubbles Webhook. Performing a manipulation results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2026.2.12 is sufficient to resolve this issue. The patch is named a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6. The affected component should be upgraded.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8305"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-11T18:16:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was detected in OpenClaw up to 2026.1.24. The impacted element is the function handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest of the file extensions/bluebubbles/src/monitor.ts of the component bluebubbles Webhook. Performing a manipulation results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2026.2.12 is sufficient to resolve this issue. The patch is named a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6. The affected component should be upgraded.",
"id": "GHSA-7g7j-xm76-28w4",
"modified": "2026-05-11T18:31:47Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T18:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8305"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/issues/13786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/pull/13787"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Dave-gilmore-aus/security-advisories/blob/main/ClawdBot(aka%20OpenClaw)-Auth-Bypass-SSRF"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/809371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362590/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7G8M-5FF5-P3HG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:41MongoDB on Red Hat Satellite 6 allows local users to bypass authentication by logging in with an empty password and delete information which can cause a Denial of Service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-8180"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-06T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "MongoDB on Red Hat Satellite 6 allows local users to bypass authentication by logging in with an empty password and delete information which can cause a Denial of Service.",
"id": "GHSA-7g8m-5ff5-p3hg",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:41:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:41:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-8180"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_satellite/6.2/html/installation_guide/preparing_your_environment_for_installation#restricting_access_to_mongod"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1301703"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7G8M-7QRW-WG8G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:51 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:51com/salesmanager/central/profile/ProfileAction.java in Shopizer 1.1.5 and earlier does not restrict the number of authentication attempts, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess passwords via a brute force attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-5385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-08-21T23:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "com/salesmanager/central/profile/ProfileAction.java in Shopizer 1.1.5 and earlier does not restrict the number of authentication attempts, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess passwords via a brute force attack.",
"id": "GHSA-7g8m-7qrw-wg8g",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:51:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:51:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2014/Jul/38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/532726/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7G9C-3HJM-R38G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by authentication bypass. This affects CBR40 before 2.5.0.24, CBR750 before 4.6.3.6, RBK752 before 3.2.17.12, RBR750 before 3.2.17.12, RBS750 before 3.2.17.12, RBK852 before 3.2.17.12, and RBR850 before 3.2.17.12.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45508"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by authentication bypass. This affects CBR40 before 2.5.0.24, CBR750 before 4.6.3.6, RBK752 before 3.2.17.12, RBR750 before 3.2.17.12, RBS750 before 3.2.17.12, RBK852 before 3.2.17.12, and RBR850 before 3.2.17.12.",
"id": "GHSA-7g9c-3hjm-r38g",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:51Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:01:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064133/Security-Advisory-for-Authentication-Bypass-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0490"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GFG-6934-MQQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-06-29 21:34 – Updated: 2023-02-14 00:18handleIncomingPacket in conn.go in Pion DTLS before 1.5.2 lacks a check for application data with epoch 0, which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary unencrypted data after handshake completion.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/pion/dtls"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-20786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-25T19:54:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "handleIncomingPacket in conn.go in Pion DTLS before 1.5.2 lacks a check for application data with epoch 0, which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary unencrypted data after handshake completion.",
"id": "GHSA-7gfg-6934-mqq2",
"modified": "2023-02-14T00:18:06Z",
"published": "2021-06-29T21:34:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pion/dtls/pull/128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pion/dtls/commit/fd73a5df2ff0e1fb6ae6a51e2777d7a16cc4f4e0"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pion/dtls"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pion/dtls/compare/v1.5.1...v1.5.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2020-0038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity20/presentation/fiterau-brostean"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec20fall_fiterau-brostean_prepub.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Improper Authenication in Pion DTLS"
}
GHSA-7GH3-72P7-5H77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38Baxter SIGMA Spectrum Infusion System version 6.05 (model 35700BAX) with wireless battery module (WBM) version 16 is remotely accessible via Port 22/SSH without authentication. A remote attacker may be able to make unauthorized configuration changes to the WBM, as well as issue commands to access account credentials and shared keys. Baxter asserts that this vulnerability only allows access to features and functionality on the WBM and that the SIGMA Spectrum infusion pump cannot be controlled from the WBM. Baxter has released a new version of the SIGMA Spectrum Infusion System, Version 8, which incorporates hardware and software changes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-5432"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-26T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Baxter SIGMA Spectrum Infusion System version 6.05 (model 35700BAX) with wireless battery module (WBM) version 16 is remotely accessible via Port 22/SSH without authentication. A remote attacker may be able to make unauthorized configuration changes to the WBM, as well as issue commands to access account credentials and shared keys. Baxter asserts that this vulnerability only allows access to features and functionality on the WBM and that the SIGMA Spectrum infusion pump cannot be controlled from the WBM. Baxter has released a new version of the SIGMA Spectrum Infusion System, Version 8, which incorporates hardware and software changes.",
"id": "GHSA-7gh3-72p7-5h77",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-5432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-181-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GHC-HF7M-MG9F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-18 00:34 – Updated: 2025-12-18 21:31An issue was discovered in DriveLock 24.1 through 24.1., 24.2 through 24.2., and 25.1 through 25.1.*. An incomplete configuration (agent authentication) in DriveLock tenant allows attackers to impersonate any DriveLock agent on the network against the DES (DriveLock Enterprise Service).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67791"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T22:15:59Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in DriveLock 24.1 through 24.1.*, 24.2 through 24.2.*, and 25.1 through 25.1.*. An incomplete configuration (agent authentication) in DriveLock tenant allows attackers to impersonate any DriveLock agent on the network against the DES (DriveLock Enterprise Service).",
"id": "GHSA-7ghc-hf7m-mg9f",
"modified": "2025-12-18T21:31:38Z",
"published": "2025-12-18T00:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drivelock.help/versions/current/web/en/releasenotes/Content/ReleaseNotes_DriveLock/SecurityBulletins/25-006-DESMisconfig.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.