Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6001 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9CWV-CPPX-MQJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-23 21:17 – Updated: 2022-02-25 15:39
VLAI
Summary
Improper Authentication in Capsule Proxy
Details

Impact

Using a malicious Connection header, an attacker with a proper authentication mechanism could start a privilege escalation towards the Kubernetes API Server, being able to exploit the cluster-admin Role bound to capsule-proxy.

Patches

Patch has been merged in the v0.2.1 release.

Workarounds

Upgrading is mandatory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/clastix/capsule-proxy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23652"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-02-23T21:17:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-22T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nUsing a malicious `Connection` header, an attacker with a proper authentication mechanism could start a privilege escalation towards the Kubernetes API Server, being able to exploit the `cluster-admin` Role bound to `capsule-proxy`.\n\n### Patches\n\nPatch has been merged in the v0.2.1 release.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUpgrading is mandatory.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-9cwv-cppx-mqjm",
  "modified": "2022-02-25T15:39:14Z",
  "published": "2022-02-23T21:17:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clastix/capsule-proxy/security/advisories/GHSA-9cwv-cppx-mqjm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23652"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clastix/capsule-proxy/issues/188"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clastix/capsule-proxy/commit/efe91f68ebf8a9e3d21491dc57da7b8a746415d8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clastix/capsule-proxy"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Authentication in Capsule Proxy"
}

GHSA-9CXJ-6MJ4-PXVP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-13 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-13 09:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in will-moss Isaiah up to 1.36.9. This affects an unknown function of the file app/main.go of the component Websocket Connection Authentication. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be initiated remotely. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-15542"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T08:16:20Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in will-moss Isaiah up to 1.36.9. This affects an unknown function of the file app/main.go of the component Websocket Connection Authentication. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be initiated remotely. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.",
  "id": "GHSA-9cxj-6mj4-pxvp",
  "modified": "2026-07-13T09:31:42Z",
  "published": "2026-07-13T09:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/will-moss/isaiah/issues/33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/will-moss/isaiah/pull/36"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/will-moss/isaiah"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-15542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/855075"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/377892"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/377892/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9CXJ-F8G7-43V7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-25 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-04 00:30
VLAI
Details

There is broken access control during authentication in Jamf Pro Server before 10.46.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31224"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-25T08:15:07Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "There is broken access control during authentication in Jamf Pro Server before 10.46.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-9cxj-f8g7-43v7",
  "modified": "2024-01-04T00:30:19Z",
  "published": "2023-12-25T09:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://learn.jamf.com/bundle/jamf-pro-release-notes-10.47.0/page/Resolved_Issues.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F5C-V3C9-RFHG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:29 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered on Dasan GPON home routers. It is possible to bypass authentication simply by appending "?images" to any URL of the device that requires authentication, as demonstrated by the /menu.html?images/ or /GponForm/diag_FORM?images/ URI. One can then manage the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-10561"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-04T03:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered on Dasan GPON home routers. It is possible to bypass authentication simply by appending \"?images\" to any URL of the device that requires authentication, as demonstrated by the /menu.html?images/ or /GponForm/diag_FORM?images/ URI. One can then manage the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f5c-v3c9-rfhg",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:29:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10561"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2018-10561"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44576"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vpnmentor.com/blog/critical-vulnerability-gpon-router"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107053"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F66-X3QX-V4CG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:53 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:40
VLAI
Details

Incorrect Access Control in the LDAP class of GONICUS GOsa through 2019-04-11 allows an attacker to log into any account with a username containing the case-insensitive substring "success" when an arbitrary password is provided.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-11187"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-15T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Incorrect Access Control in the LDAP class of GONICUS GOsa through 2019-04-11 allows an attacker to log into any account with a username containing the case-insensitive substring \"success\" when an arbitrary password is provided.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f66-x3qx-v4cg",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:40:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:53:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11187"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gonicus/gosa/commits/master"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/08/msg00009.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F7F-QVQP-2HF3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1472"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-08T04:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f7f-qvqp-2hf3",
  "modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1472"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sb-rv-bypass-inject-Rbhgvfdx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162238/Cisco-RV-Authentication-Bypass-Code-Execution.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Apr/39"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FCR-9VQ3-V9FX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:41 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:41
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered on D-Link DIR-809 A1 through 1.09, A2 through 1.11, and Guest Zone through 1.09 devices. One can bypass authentication mechanisms to download the configuration file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-14080"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-09T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered on D-Link DIR-809 A1 through 1.09, A2 through 1.11, and Guest Zone through 1.09 devices. One can bypass authentication mechanisms to download the configuration file.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fcr-9vq3-v9fx",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:41:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:41:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14080"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nivel4.com/investigaciones/nuevas-vulnerabilidades-en-router-d-link-permiten-tomar-control-remoto-del-dispositivo"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FH9-C7VH-GR58

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 04:04 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:49
VLAI
Details

SAP Business Intelligence Promotion Management Application, Enterprise 4.10, 4.20, and 4.30, does not perform authentication checks for functionalities that require user identity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16684"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-12-12T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "SAP Business Intelligence Promotion Management Application, Enterprise 4.10, 4.20, and 4.30, does not perform authentication checks for functionalities that require user identity.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fh9-c7vh-gr58",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:49:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T04:04:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16684"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.sap.com/2017/12/12/sap-security-patch-day-december-2017"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2537152"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102147"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FJF-27F3-W5W8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was discovered in Siemens SIMATIC WinCC Sm@rtClient for Android (All versions before V1.0.2.2) and SIMATIC WinCC Sm@rtClient for Android Lite (All versions before V1.0.2.2). An attacker with physical access to an unlocked mobile device, that has the affected app running, could bypass the app's authentication mechanism under certain conditions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6871"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-288"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-08T00:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was discovered in Siemens SIMATIC WinCC Sm@rtClient for Android (All versions before V1.0.2.2) and SIMATIC WinCC Sm@rtClient for Android Lite (All versions before V1.0.2.2). An attacker with physical access to an unlocked mobile device, that has the affected app running, could bypass the app\u0027s authentication mechanism under certain conditions.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fjf-27f3-w5w8",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:36:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6871"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.siemens.com/cert/pool/cert/siemens_security_advisory_ssa-589378.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99582"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FQ7-3GMM-WJPP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:39 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:39
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the interdevice communications interface of the Cisco IP Interoperability and Collaboration System (IPICS) Universal Media Services (UMS) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to modify configuration parameters of the UMS and cause the system to become unavailable. Affected Products: This vulnerability affects Cisco IPICS releases 4.8(1) to 4.10(1). More Information: CSCva46644. Known Affected Releases: 4.10(1) 4.8(1) 4.8(2) 4.9(1) 4.9(2).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6397"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-10-28T10:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the interdevice communications interface of the Cisco IP Interoperability and Collaboration System (IPICS) Universal Media Services (UMS) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to modify configuration parameters of the UMS and cause the system to become unavailable. Affected Products: This vulnerability affects Cisco IPICS releases 4.8(1) to 4.10(1). More Information: CSCva46644. Known Affected Releases: 4.10(1) 4.8(1) 4.8(2) 4.9(1) 4.9(2).",
  "id": "GHSA-9fq7-3gmm-wjpp",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:39:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:39:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6397"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20161026-ipics"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93913"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.