Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-31

Weakness Allowed

Path Traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize 'dir\..\..\filename' (multiple internal backslash dot dot) sequences that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.

Technical nuance

The 'dir\..\..\filename' manipulation is useful for bypassing some path traversal protection schemes. Sometimes a program only removes one "..\" sequence, so multiple "..\" can bypass that check. Alternately, this manipulation could be used to bypass a check for "..\" at the beginning of the pathname, moving up more than one directory level.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-23 · View CWE-1000
Modes of introduction
Implementation
Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Content history
Submission: PLOVER · 2006-07-19 · CWE Draft 3
Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-10-10 · CWE 1.1

fixed incorrect manipulation in name (desc was correct).

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-10-14 · CWE 1.0.1

updated Applicable_Platforms, Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-07-27 · CWE 1.5

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Description, Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Observed_Examples, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Applicable_Platforms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Common_Consequences, Description, Technical_Nuance

18 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-108120 (GCVE-0-2026-108120)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 05:12 – Updated: 2026-10-19 18:33
VLAI
Title
path traversal inKoozali - SME Server
Summary
Brian Mariani from DigitalCanion SA has discovered a path traversal vulnerability in the View Logs functionality of koozali's SME Server version 11.0rc1-215 allowing an unauthenticated attacker to access files outside of the intended directory, leading to exfiltration of files located outside the intended system logs directory, including potentially sensitive system and application files.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:P/AU:Y/R:A/RE:M/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-19 18:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-31 - Path traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 79/100 over 81 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
koozali SME Server Affected: 11.0rc1-215
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Brian Mariani from DigitalCanion SA
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-104810 (GCVE-0-2026-104810)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 08:33 – Updated: 2026-10-05 12:45
VLAI
Title
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 File Management File Browser path traversal vulnerability
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to delete sensitive files on vulnerable installations of Mitel MiVoice Office 400. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the web portal listening on TCP port 443, under Maintenance → File Management → File Browser, which is affected by a directory traversal vulnerability. By exploiting this vulnerability, an authenticated attacker can access and delete files outside of the intended directory, including files belonging to the Mitel application and the underlying Linux system. Deleting critical system or application files can result in a denial-of-service condition affecting the underlying system.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/AU:Y/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 12:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-31 - Path traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 79/100 over 81 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Brian Mariani from DigitalCanion SA
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-104806 (GCVE-0-2026-104806)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 08:24 – Updated: 2026-10-05 13:52
VLAI
Title
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 System Logs Path Traversal Information Disclosure
Summary
DigitalCanion has discovered a path traversal vulnerability that allows an attacker to access files outside of the intended directory. The specific flaw exists within the Maintenance → System Logs functionality of the web management portal listening on TCP port 443. The application fails to properly validate user-supplied file paths, allowing an attacker to manipulate the requested path and traverse the underlying directory structure. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can access and download files located outside the intended system logs directory, including potentially sensitive system and application files.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/AU:Y/R:A/V:D/RE:L/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 13:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-31 - Path traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 79/100 over 81 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Brian Mariani from DigitalCanion SA
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-104706 (GCVE-0-2026-104706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 08:17 – Updated: 2026-10-05 13:15
VLAI
Title
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 view system files path traversal
Summary
DigitalCanion has discovered a path traversal vulnerability that allows to view or download sensitive system files over the portal https://<ip>:8443 via menus Administration -> View Logs
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/AU:Y/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 13:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-31 - Path traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 79/100 over 81 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Brian Mariani from DigitalCanion SA
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-94346 (GCVE-0-2026-94346)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 13:23 – Updated: 2026-10-29 03:56
VLAI
Summary
PowerProtect Data Domain Virtual Edition, Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.70, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.30, LTS2026 release versions 8.6.1.0 through 8.6.1.10, contain a Path Traversal vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Command execution.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-28 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-31 - Path Traversal: 'dir\..\..\filename'
Assigner
dell CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 70/100 over 520 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain Virtual Edition Affected: 0 , < 8.9.0.0 or later (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 7.13.1.80 or later (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 8.3.1.40 or later (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 8.6.1.20 or later (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-01 06:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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GHSA-43QX-3JH4-74CP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-10-27 15:33
VLAI
Details

PowerProtect Data Domain Virtual Edition, Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.70, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.30, LTS2026 release versions 8.6.1.0 through 8.6.1.10, contain a Path Traversal vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Command execution.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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GHSA-484H-VP9M-PWVC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-05 09:31 – Updated: 2026-10-05 09:31
VLAI
Details

DigitalCanion has discovered a path traversal vulnerability that allows an attacker to access files outside of the intended directory.

The specific flaw exists within the Maintenance → System Logs functionality of the web management portal listening on TCP port 443. The application fails to properly validate user-supplied file paths, allowing an attacker to manipulate the requested path and traverse the underlying directory structure.

By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can access and download files located outside the intended system logs directory, including potentially sensitive system and application files.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/AU:Y/R:A/V:D/RE:L/U:Amber
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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}

GHSA-5JQC-QJ57-4HRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-04 21:32 – Updated: 2024-06-11 19:29
VLAI
Summary
Jan path traversal vulnerability
Details

Jan v0.4.12 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file read vulnerability via the /v1/app/readFileSync interface.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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  "details": "Jan v0.4.12 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file read vulnerability via the /v1/app/readFileSync interface.",
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  "modified": "2024-06-11T19:29:48Z",
  "published": "2024-06-04T21:32:20Z",
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      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36857"
    },
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/HackAllSec/CVEs/tree/main/Jan%20AFR%20vulnerability"
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GHSA-6W5Q-79RF-7C49

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 06:30 – Updated: 2025-01-21 22:37
VLAI
Summary
Webtrees Path Traversal vulnerability
Details

Webtrees 2.1.18 is vulnerable to Directory Traversal. By manipulating the "media_folder" parameter in the URL, an attacker (in this case, an administrator) can navigate beyond the intended directory (the 'media/' directory) to access sensitive files in other parts of the application's file system.

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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  },
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  "id": "GHSA-6w5q-79rf-7c49",
  "modified": "2025-01-21T22:37:20Z",
  "published": "2024-02-28T06:30:28Z",
  "references": [
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      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22723"
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      "url": "https://cupc4k3.medium.com/cve-2024-22723-webtrees-vulnerability-uncovering-sensitive-data-through-path-traversal-7442e7a38b68"
    },
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GHSA-7H45-VV72-9V3P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-08 03:31 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

RAD SecFlow-2 devices with Hardware 0202, Firmware 4.1.01.63, and U-Boot 2010.12 allow URIs beginning with /.. for Directory Traversal, as demonstrated by reading /etc/shadow.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-08T02:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "RAD SecFlow-2 devices with Hardware 0202, Firmware 4.1.01.63, and U-Boot 2010.12 allow URIs beginning with /.. for Directory Traversal, as demonstrated by reading /etc/shadow.",
  "id": "GHSA-7h45-vv72-9v3p",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:31Z",
  "published": "2024-03-08T03:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/177440/RAD-SecFlow-2-Path-Traversal.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Path_Traversal"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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