Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-326

Allowed-with-Review

Inadequate Encryption Strength

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product stores or transmits sensitive data using an encryption scheme that is theoretically sound, but is not strong enough for the level of protection required.

631 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-7830 (GCVE-0-2026-7830)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 03:33 – Updated: 2026-07-09 04:35
VLAI
Title
UltraVNC MS-Logon II uses 64-bit Diffie-Hellman and seeded libc rand() enabling credential interception
Summary
UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 uses inadequate cryptography in the MS-Logon II authentication scheme (rfbUltraVNC_MsLogonIIAuth). In rfb/dh.cpp the Diffie-Hellman key exchange is performed with parameters that fit in an unsigned 64-bit integer (DH_MAX_BITS controls the prime size). A 64-bit DH key can be broken by Pollard's rho algorithm in under one second on current hardware. Additionally, the private exponent is generated by the rng() function, which multiplies three libc rand() values seeded from time(NULL). With approximately 31 bits of internal state and a time-based seed, the private exponent is recoverable in under a minute by a passive observer. A network attacker who can observe the MS-Logon II handshake (via sniffing, recording, or man-in-the-middle) can derive the shared DH key and decrypt the encapsulated username and password, resulting in full credential disclosure. This affects legacy MS-Logon II connections; MS-Logon III (X25519 + AES-256-GCM) is unaffected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
  • CWE-338 - Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
uvnc UltraVNC Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.8.2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Arjun Basnet, Securin (arjun.basnet@securin.io)
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-7830",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-01T13:13:10.627838Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-01T13:13:23.590Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "winvnc",
            "ms-logon"
          ],
          "product": "UltraVNC",
          "vendor": "uvnc",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "1.8.2.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Arjun Basnet, Securin (arjun.basnet@securin.io)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 uses inadequate cryptography in the MS-Logon II authentication scheme (rfbUltraVNC_MsLogonIIAuth). In rfb/dh.cpp the Diffie-Hellman key exchange is performed with parameters that fit in an unsigned 64-bit integer (DH_MAX_BITS controls the prime size). A 64-bit DH key can be broken by Pollard\u0027s rho algorithm in under one second on current hardware. Additionally, the private exponent is generated by the rng() function, which multiplies three libc rand() values seeded from time(NULL). With approximately 31 bits of internal state and a time-based seed, the private exponent is recoverable in under a minute by a passive observer. A network attacker who can observe the MS-Logon II handshake (via sniffing, recording, or man-in-the-middle) can derive the shared DH key and decrypt the encapsulated username and password, resulting in full credential disclosure. This affects legacy MS-Logon II connections; MS-Logon III (X25519 + AES-256-GCM) is unaffected."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.4,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-338",
              "description": "Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-09T04:35:51.099Z",
        "orgId": "33c584b5-0579-4c06-b2a0-8d8329fcab9c",
        "shortName": "securin"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "UltraVNC project page",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://uvnc.com/"
        },
        {
          "name": "UltraVNC source repository",
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ultravnc/UltraVNC"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.securin.io/zero-days/cve-2026-7830-31-bit-dh-weak-rng-ms-logon-credential-interception-ultravnc"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "Securin Security Advisory \u2014 FINDING-002",
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-06-02T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Vulnerability discovered during security audit"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-06-17T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Reported to vendor (coordinated disclosure)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Planned public disclosure (90-day window)"
        }
      ],
      "title": "UltraVNC MS-Logon II uses 64-bit Diffie-Hellman and seeded libc rand() enabling credential interception"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "33c584b5-0579-4c06-b2a0-8d8329fcab9c",
    "assignerShortName": "securin",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-7830",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-01T03:33:24.106Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-05T03:40:59.002Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-09T04:35:51.099Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-5363 (GCVE-0-2026-5363)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 23:45 – Updated: 2026-04-16 23:10 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
Use of weak cryptographic key in TP-Link Archer C7
Summary
Inadequate Encryption Strength vulnerability in TP-Link Archer C7 v5 and v5.8 (uhttpd modules) allows Password Recovery Exploitation. The web interface encrypts the admin password client-side using RSA-1024 before sending it to the router during login.  An adjacent attacker with the ability to intercept network traffic could potentially perform a brute-force or factorization attack against the 1024-bit RSA key to recover the plaintext administrator password, leading to unauthorized access and compromise of the device configuration.  This issue affects Archer C7: through Build 20220715.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer C7 v5 and v5.8 Affected: 0 , ≤ Build 20220715 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Sérgio Silva (CYBERS3C)
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-5363",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-04-16T13:17:25.657073Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T13:17:48.532Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "uhttpd"
          ],
          "product": "Archer C7 v5 and v5.8",
          "vendor": "TP-Link Systems Inc.",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "Build 20220715",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "S\u00e9rgio Silva (CYBERS3C)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Inadequate Encryption Strength vulnerability in TP-Link Archer C7 v5 and v5.8 (uhttpd modules) allows Password Recovery Exploitation.\u0026nbsp;The web interface encrypts the admin password client-side using RSA-1024 before sending it to the router during login.\u0026nbsp;\nAn adjacent attacker with the ability to intercept network traffic could potentially perform a brute-force or factorization attack against the 1024-bit RSA key to recover the plaintext administrator password, leading to unauthorized access and compromise of the device configuration.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Archer C7: through Build 20220715.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Inadequate Encryption Strength vulnerability in TP-Link Archer C7 v5 and v5.8 (uhttpd modules) allows Password Recovery Exploitation.\u00a0The web interface encrypts the admin password client-side using RSA-1024 before sending it to the router during login.\u00a0\nAn adjacent attacker with the ability to intercept network traffic could potentially perform a brute-force or factorization attack against the 1024-bit RSA key to recover the plaintext administrator password, leading to unauthorized access and compromise of the device configuration.\u00a0\u00a0This issue affects Archer C7: through Build 20220715."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-50",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-50 Password Recovery Exploitation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT",
            "baseScore": 5.4,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T23:10:46.170Z",
        "orgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
        "shortName": "TPLink"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/3562/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "tags": [
        "unsupported-when-assigned"
      ],
      "title": "Use of weak cryptographic key in TP-Link Archer C7",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.1"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
    "assignerShortName": "TPLink",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-5363",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-15T23:45:54.271Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-04-01T17:38:27.536Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T23:10:46.170Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-0510 (GCVE-0-2026-0510)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 01:15 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:26
VLAI
Title
Obsolete Encryption Algorithm Used in NW AS Java UME User Mapping
Summary
The User Management Engine (UME) in NetWeaver Application Server for Java (NW AS Java) utilizes an obsolete cryptographic algorithm for encrypting User Mapping data. This weakness could allow an attacker with high-privileged access to exploit the vulnerability under specific conditions potentially leading to partial disclosure of sensitive information.This has low impact on confidentiality with no impact on integrity and availability of the application.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
sap
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP_SE NW AS Java UME User Mapping Affected: ENGINEAPI 7.50
Affected: SERVERCORE 7.50
Affected: UMEADMIN 7.50
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-0510",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-01-13T18:17:58.478110Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T18:26:48.509Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "NW AS Java UME User Mapping",
          "vendor": "SAP_SE",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "ENGINEAPI 7.50"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "SERVERCORE 7.50"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "UMEADMIN 7.50"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe User Management Engine (UME) in NetWeaver Application Server for Java (NW AS Java) utilizes an obsolete cryptographic algorithm for encrypting User Mapping data. This weakness could allow an attacker with high-privileged access to exploit the vulnerability under specific conditions potentially leading to partial disclosure of sensitive information.This has low impact on confidentiality with no impact on integrity and availability of the application.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The User Management Engine (UME) in NetWeaver Application Server for Java (NW AS Java) utilizes an obsolete cryptographic algorithm for encrypting User Mapping data. This weakness could allow an attacker with high-privileged access to exploit the vulnerability under specific conditions potentially leading to partial disclosure of sensitive information.This has low impact on confidentiality with no impact on integrity and availability of the application."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 3,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "eng",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T01:15:43.846Z",
        "orgId": "e4686d1a-f260-4930-ac4c-2f5c992778dd",
        "shortName": "sap"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3593356"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Obsolete Encryption Algorithm Used in NW AS Java UME User Mapping",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "e4686d1a-f260-4930-ac4c-2f5c992778dd",
    "assignerShortName": "sap",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-0510",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-13T01:15:43.846Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-09T22:06:49.250Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T18:26:48.509Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-68703 (GCVE-0-2025-68703)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 19:27 – Updated: 2026-01-13 19:54
VLAI
Title
Jervis has a Salt for PBKDF2 derived from password
Summary
Jervis is a library for Job DSL plugin scripts and shared Jenkins pipeline libraries. Prior to 2.2, the salt is derived from sha256Sum(passphrase). Two encryption operations with the same password will have the same derived key. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
samrocketman jervis Affected: < 2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-68703",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-01-13T19:54:35.848146Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T19:54:40.542Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "jervis",
          "vendor": "samrocketman",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Jervis is a library for Job DSL plugin scripts and shared Jenkins pipeline libraries. Prior to 2.2, the salt is derived from sha256Sum(passphrase). Two encryption operations with the same password will have the same derived key. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T19:27:33.177Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/samrocketman/jervis/security/advisories/GHSA-36h5-vrq6-pp34",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/samrocketman/jervis/security/advisories/GHSA-36h5-vrq6-pp34"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/samrocketman/jervis/commit/c3981ff71de7b0f767dfe7b37a2372cb2a51974a",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/samrocketman/jervis/commit/c3981ff71de7b0f767dfe7b37a2372cb2a51974a"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-36h5-vrq6-pp34",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Jervis has a Salt for PBKDF2 derived from password"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68703",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-13T19:27:33.177Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-23T22:32:51.733Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-13T19:54:40.542Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-55248 (GCVE-0-2025-55248)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-22 17:25
VLAI
Title
.NET, .NET Framework, and Visual Studio Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Inadequate encryption strength in .NET, .NET Framework, Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft .NET 8.0 Affected: 8.0.0 , < 8.0.21 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft .NET 9.0 Affected: 9.0.0 , < 9.0.10 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 2 Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.0.50727.8981 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 Service Pack 2 Affected: 3.0.0 , < 2.0.50727.8981 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 Affected: 3.5.0 , < 2.0.50727.8981 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.7.2 Affected: 4.7.0 , < 4.7.04137.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8 Affected: 4.8.0 , < 4.8.04798.02 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8.1 Affected: 4.8.1 , < 4.8.1.09320.02 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 Affected: 3.5.0 , < 2.0.50727.8981 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2 Affected: 4.7.0 , < 4.7.04137.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 Affected: 4.7.0 , < 4.7.04137.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework 4.8 Affected: 4.8.0 , < 4.8.04798.02 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10 Affected: 17.10.0 , < 17.10.20 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12 Affected: 17.12.0 , < 17.12.13 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.14 Affected: 17.14.0 , < 17.14.17 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-10-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-55248",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-14T19:18:38.015089Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-14T19:24:07.203Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": ".NET 8.0",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "8.0.21",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.0.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": ".NET 9.0",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "9.0.10",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.0.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 2",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.0.50727.8981",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.0.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 Service Pack 2",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.0.50727.8981",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.0.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2012",
            "Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.0.50727.8981",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.5.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows Server 2016",
            "Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2019",
            "Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.7.2",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.7.04137.03",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.7.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows Server 2019",
            "Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2022",
            "Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.8.04798.02",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.8.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM64-based Systems",
            "Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows Server 2022",
            "Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8.1",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.8.1.09320.02",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.8.1",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1",
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.0.50727.8981",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.5.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2",
            "Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.7.04137.03",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.7.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1",
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2012",
            "Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.7.04137.03",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.7.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "platforms": [
            "Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems",
            "Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems",
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1",
            "Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2012",
            "Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2",
            "Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)",
            "Windows Server 2016",
            "Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)"
          ],
          "product": "Microsoft .NET Framework 4.8",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.8.04798.02",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.8.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "17.10.20",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.10.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "17.12.13",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.12.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.14",
          "vendor": "Microsoft",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "17.14.17",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.14.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "8.0.21",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "8.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "9.0.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "9.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "17.12.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "17.12.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "17.10.20",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "17.10.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "17.14.17",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "17.14.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.8.04798.02",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.8.04798.02",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.7.04137.03",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.7.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.7.04137.03",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.7.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.8.1.09320.02",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.8.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "4.7.04137.03",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.7.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.50727.8981",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.50727.8981",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.50727.8981",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.5.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.50727.8981",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.5.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-10-14T14:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en-US",
          "value": "Inadequate encryption strength in .NET, .NET Framework, Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-22T17:25:10.409Z",
        "orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
        "shortName": "microsoft"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": ".NET, .NET Framework, and Visual Studio Information Disclosure Vulnerability",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55248"
        }
      ],
      "title": ".NET, .NET Framework, and Visual Studio Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
    "assignerShortName": "microsoft",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-55248",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-14T17:00:59.059Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-08-11T20:26:16.634Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-22T17:25:10.409Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-55039 (GCVE-0-2025-55039)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 07:19 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:13
VLAI
Title
Apache Spark, Apache Spark: RPC encryption defaults to unauthenticated AES-CTR mode, enabling man-in-the-middle ciphertext modification attacks
Summary
This issue affects Apache Spark versions before 3.4.4, 3.5.2 and 4.0.0. Apache Spark versions before 4.0.0, 3.5.2 and 3.4.4 use an insecure default network encryption cipher for RPC communication between nodes. When spark.network.crypto.enabled is set to true (it is set to false by default), but spark.network.crypto.cipher is not explicitly configured, Spark defaults to AES in CTR mode (AES/CTR/NoPadding), which provides encryption without authentication. This vulnerability allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to modify encrypted RPC traffic undetected by flipping bits in ciphertext, potentially compromising heartbeat messages or application data and affecting the integrity of Spark workflows. To mitigate this issue, users should either configure spark.network.crypto.cipher to AES/GCM/NoPadding to enable authenticated encryption or enable SSL encryption by setting spark.ssl.enabled to true, which provides stronger transport security.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Spark Affected: 3.5.0 , < 3.5.2 (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 3.4.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 6.5,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
              "integrityImpact": "LOW",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-55039",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-15T19:33:07.860034Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-15T19:33:31.064Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:13:00.940Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/14/11"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "org.apache.spark:spark-network-common_2.13",
          "product": "Apache Spark",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "3.5.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.5.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.4.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "org.apache.spark:spark-network-common_2.12",
          "product": "Apache Spark",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "3.5.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.5.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.4.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Apache Spark versions before  3.4.4,\u0026nbsp;3.5.2 and 4.0.0.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003eApache Spark versions before 4.0.0, 3.5.2 and 3.4.4 use an insecure default network encryption cipher for RPC communication between nodes.\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhen \u003ccode\u003espark.network.crypto.enabled\u003c/code\u003e is set to true (it is set to false by default), but \u003ccode\u003espark.network.crypto.cipher\u003c/code\u003e is not explicitly configured, Spark defaults to AES in CTR mode (\u003ccode\u003eAES/CTR/NoPadding\u003c/code\u003e), which provides encryption without authentication.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis vulnerability allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to modify encrypted RPC traffic undetected by flipping bits in ciphertext, potentially compromising heartbeat messages or application data and affecting the integrity of Spark workflows.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo mitigate this issue, users should either configure \u003ccode\u003espark.network.crypto.cipher\u003c/code\u003e to \u003ccode\u003eAES/GCM/NoPadding\u003c/code\u003e to enable authenticated encryption or\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eenable SSL encryption by setting \u003ccode\u003espark.ssl.enabled\u003c/code\u003e to true, which provides stronger transport security.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "This issue affects Apache Spark versions before  3.4.4,\u00a03.5.2 and 4.0.0.\n\n\n\nApache Spark versions before 4.0.0, 3.5.2 and 3.4.4 use an insecure default network encryption cipher for RPC communication between nodes.\n\nWhen spark.network.crypto.enabled is set to true (it is set to false by default), but spark.network.crypto.cipher is not explicitly configured, Spark defaults to AES in CTR mode (AES/CTR/NoPadding), which provides encryption without authentication.\n\nThis vulnerability allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to modify encrypted RPC traffic undetected by flipping bits in ciphertext, potentially compromising heartbeat messages or application data and affecting the integrity of Spark workflows.\n\n\nTo mitigate this issue, users should either configure spark.network.crypto.cipher to AES/GCM/NoPadding to enable authenticated encryption or\n\nenable SSL encryption by setting spark.ssl.enabled to true, which provides stronger transport security."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "moderate"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-347",
              "description": "CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326 Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-10-15T07:19:25.493Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/zrgyy9l85nm2c7vk36vr7bkyorg3w4qq"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Apache Spark, Apache Spark: RPC encryption defaults to unauthenticated AES-CTR mode, enabling man-in-the-middle ciphertext modification attacks",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-55039",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-15T07:19:25.493Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-08-06T00:27:38.654Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:13:00.940Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-48960 (GCVE-0-2025-48960)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-04 13:26 – Updated: 2025-06-04 13:42
VLAI
Summary
Weak server key used for TLS encryption. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 16 (Linux, macOS, Windows) before build 39938.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Acronis Acronis Cyber Protect 16 Affected: unspecified , < 39938 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-48960",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-04T13:42:21.346574Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-04T13:42:31.537Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "platforms": [
            "Linux",
            "macOS",
            "Windows"
          ],
          "product": "Acronis Cyber Protect 16",
          "vendor": "Acronis",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "39938",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "unspecified",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Weak server key used for TLS encryption. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 16 (Linux, macOS, Windows) before build 39938."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-06-04T13:26:27.062Z",
        "orgId": "73dc0fef-1c66-4a72-9d2d-0a0f4012c175",
        "shortName": "Acronis"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "SEC-6403",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://security-advisory.acronis.com/advisories/SEC-6403"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "73dc0fef-1c66-4a72-9d2d-0a0f4012c175",
    "assignerShortName": "Acronis",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-48960",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-04T13:26:27.062Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-29T00:22:59.556Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-04T13:42:31.537Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-46833 (GCVE-0-2025-46833)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-08 19:27 – Updated: 2025-05-08 19:49
VLAI
Title
Programs/P73_SimplePythonEncryption.py has weak cryptographic key
Summary
Programs/P73_SimplePythonEncryption.py illustrates a simple Python encryption example using the RSA Algorithm. In versions prior to commit 6ce60b1, an attacker may be able to decrypt the data using brute force attacks and because of this the whole application can be impacted. This issue has been patched in commit 6ce60b1. A workaround involves increasing the key size, for RSA or DSA this is at least 2048 bits, for ECC this is at least 256 bits.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-46833",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-08T19:47:53.139736Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-08T19:49:41.318Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "python-progrrames",
          "vendor": "ShashikantSingh09",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 6ce60b1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Programs/P73_SimplePythonEncryption.py illustrates a simple Python encryption example using the RSA Algorithm. In versions prior to commit 6ce60b1, an attacker may be able to decrypt the data using brute force attacks and because of this the whole application can be impacted. This issue has been patched in commit 6ce60b1. A workaround involves increasing the key size, for RSA or DSA this is at least 2048 bits, for ECC this is at least 256 bits."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 4.6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-08T19:27:33.330Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/ShashikantSingh09/python-progrrames/security/advisories/GHSA-5h26-2c6g-4ch4",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ShashikantSingh09/python-progrrames/security/advisories/GHSA-5h26-2c6g-4ch4"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/ShashikantSingh09/python-progrrames/commit/6ce60b1b2116a579a2e89de96d738a98f6ad4f27",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ShashikantSingh09/python-progrrames/commit/6ce60b1b2116a579a2e89de96d738a98f6ad4f27"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-5h26-2c6g-4ch4",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Programs/P73_SimplePythonEncryption.py has weak cryptographic key"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-46833",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-08T19:27:33.330Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-30T19:41:58.135Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-08T19:49:41.318Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-46409 (GCVE-0-2025-46409)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-28 08:27 – Updated: 2025-08-28 14:17
VLAI
Summary
Inadequate encryption strength issue exists in SS1 Ver.16.0.0.10 and earlier (Media version:16.0.0a and earlier). If this vulnerability is exploited, a function that requires authentication may be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate encryption strength
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
DOS Co., Ltd. SS1 Affected: Ver.16.0.0.10 and earlier (Media version:16.0.0a and earlier)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-46409",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-28T14:17:37.556191Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-28T14:17:54.161Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "SS1",
          "vendor": "DOS Co., Ltd.",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "Ver.16.0.0.10 and earlier (Media version:16.0.0a and earlier)"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Inadequate encryption strength issue exists in SS1 Ver.16.0.0.10 and earlier (Media version:16.0.0a and earlier). If this vulnerability is exploited, a function that requires authentication may be accessed by a remote unauthenticated attacker."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "Inadequate encryption strength",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-28T08:27:44.793Z",
        "orgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
        "shortName": "jpcert"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.dos-osaka.co.jp/news/2025/08/250827.html"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN99577552/"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
    "assignerShortName": "jpcert",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-46409",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-28T08:27:44.793Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-08-25T06:42:30.553Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-28T14:17:54.161Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-45764 (GCVE-0-2025-45764)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 00:00 – Updated: 2025-08-26 18:51 Disputed
VLAI
Summary
jsrsasign v11.1.0 was discovered to contain weak encryption. NOTE: this issue has been disputed by a third party who believes that CVE IDs can be assigned for key lengths in specific applications that use a library, and should not be assigned to the default key lengths in a library. This dispute is subject to review under CNA rules 4.1.4, 4.1.14, and other rules; the dispute tagging is not meant to recommend an outcome for this CVE Record.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jsrsasign project jsrsasign Affected: 11.1.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-45764",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-06T19:40:39.638189Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-26T18:51:17.741Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "jsrsasign",
          "vendor": "jsrsasign project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "11.1.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:jsrsasign_project:jsrsasign:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndIncluding": "11.1.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "11.1.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "jsrsasign v11.1.0 was discovered to contain weak encryption. NOTE: this issue has been disputed by a third party who believes that CVE IDs can be assigned for key lengths in specific applications that use a library, and should not be assigned to the default key lengths in a library. This dispute is subject to review under CNA rules 4.1.4, 4.1.14, and other rules; the dispute tagging is not meant to recommend an outcome for this CVE Record."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 3.2,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326 Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-07T04:15:54.319Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://gist.github.com/ZupeiNie/2250cf1758771d56272dc326ce066202"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/kjur/jsrsasign/issues/634"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "disputed"
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "enrichogram 0.0.1"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-45764",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-06T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-22T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-26T18:51:17.741Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an encryption scheme that is currently considered to be strong by experts in the field.

CAPEC-112: Brute Force

In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset.

CAPEC-192: Protocol Analysis

An adversary engages in activities to decipher and/or decode protocol information for a network or application communication protocol used for transmitting information between interconnected nodes or systems on a packet-switched data network. While this type of analysis involves the analysis of a networking protocol inherently, it does not require the presence of an actual or physical network.

CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing

An attacker, armed with the cipher text and the encryption algorithm used, performs an exhaustive (brute force) search on the key space to determine the key that decrypts the cipher text to obtain the plaintext.