Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-362

Allowed-with-Review

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

2903 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9HW5-F93P-C5P6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-03-10 21:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tcp: Fix a data-race around sysctl_tcp_probe_threshold.

While reading sysctl_tcp_probe_threshold, it can be changed concurrently. Thus, we need to add READ_ONCE() to its reader.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-49595"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:01:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntcp: Fix a data-race around sysctl_tcp_probe_threshold.\n\nWhile reading sysctl_tcp_probe_threshold, it can be changed concurrently.\nThus, we need to add READ_ONCE() to its reader.",
  "id": "GHSA-9hw5-f93p-c5p6",
  "modified": "2025-03-10T21:31:11Z",
  "published": "2025-03-10T21:31:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49595"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/44768749980d53bc01980d9c060f736808d11af0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92c0aa4175474483d6cf373314343d4e624e882a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/96900fa61777402eb5056269d8000aace33a8b6c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b5dc7ad6da1373d3c60d4b869d688f996e5d219"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b04817c94fbd285a967d9b830b274fe9998c9c0b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d452ce36f2d4c402fa3f5275c9677f80166e7fc6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f524c3e7f6cdad66b3b6a912cef47b656f8b0de3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa5fb2cf9393db898772db8cb897ed5fd265eb78"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9HW7-7G65-G445

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-25 21:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

accel/amdxdna: Fix race condition when checking rpm_on

When autosuspend is triggered, driver rpm_on flag is set to indicate that a suspend/resume is already in progress. However, when a userspace application submits a command during this narrow window, amdxdna_pm_resume_get() may incorrectly skip the resume operation because the rpm_on flag is still set. This results in commands being submitted while the device has not actually resumed, causing unexpected behavior.

The set_dpm() is called by suspend/resume, it relied on rpm_on flag to avoid calling into rpm suspend/resume recursivly. So to fix this, remove the use of the rpm_on flag entirely. Instead, introduce aie2_pm_set_dpm() which explicitly resumes the device before invoking set_dpm(). With this change, set_dpm() is called directly inside the suspend or resume execution path. Otherwise, aie2_pm_set_dpm() is called.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-71303"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T14:16:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\naccel/amdxdna: Fix race condition when checking rpm_on\n\nWhen autosuspend is triggered, driver rpm_on flag is set to indicate that\na suspend/resume is already in progress. However, when a userspace\napplication submits a command during this narrow window,\namdxdna_pm_resume_get() may incorrectly skip the resume operation because\nthe rpm_on flag is still set. This results in commands being submitted\nwhile the device has not actually resumed, causing unexpected behavior.\n\nThe set_dpm() is called by suspend/resume, it relied on rpm_on flag to\navoid calling into rpm suspend/resume recursivly. So to fix this, remove\nthe use of the rpm_on flag entirely. Instead, introduce aie2_pm_set_dpm()\nwhich explicitly resumes the device before invoking set_dpm(). With this\nchange, set_dpm() is called directly inside the suspend or resume execution\npath. Otherwise, aie2_pm_set_dpm() is called.",
  "id": "GHSA-9hw7-7g65-g445",
  "modified": "2026-06-25T21:31:18Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T15:33:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71303"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00ffe45ece80160aef446d74ded906352f21dd72"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7cb75b6a5127d78298e39750b4f3185eca0dafc"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9J47-8FGC-498V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:16 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:16
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Joomla! Core before 3.8.8. A long running background process, such as remote checks for core or extension updates, could create a race condition where a session that was expected to be destroyed would be recreated.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-11324"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-22T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Joomla! Core before 3.8.8. A long running background process, such as remote checks for core or extension updates, could create a race condition where a session that was expected to be destroyed would be recreated.",
  "id": "GHSA-9j47-8fgc-498v",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:16:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:16:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/735-20180507-core-session-deletion-race-condition.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104274"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040966"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9J53-7WPR-H42C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

Double free in Microsoft Wireless Provisioning System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62219"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362",
      "CWE-415"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T18:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Double free in Microsoft Wireless Provisioning System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-9j53-7wpr-h42c",
  "modified": "2025-11-11T18:30:23Z",
  "published": "2025-11-11T18:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62219"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-62219"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9J75-Q276-C2HC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

In JetBrains YouTrack before 2025.3.104432 a race condition allowed bypass of helpdesk Agent limit

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64773"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T16:15:40Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In JetBrains YouTrack before 2025.3.104432 a race condition allowed bypass of helpdesk Agent limit",
  "id": "GHSA-9j75-q276-c2hc",
  "modified": "2025-11-11T18:30:17Z",
  "published": "2025-11-11T18:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64773"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9J8Q-M9X5-9G6J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 20:59 – Updated: 2021-08-24 18:52
VLAI
Summary
Data races in async-coap
Details

An issue was discovered in the async-coap crate through 2020-12-08 for Rust. Affected versions of this crate implement Send/Sync for ArcGuard<RC, T> with no trait bounds on RC. This allows users to send RC: !Send to other threads and also allows users to concurrently access Rc: !Sync from multiple threads.

This can result in memory corruption from data race or other undefined behavior caused by sending T: !Send to other threads (e.g. dropping MutexGuard<T> in another thread that didn't lock its mutex).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "async-coap"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-36444"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-09T21:45:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-08T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in the async-coap crate through 2020-12-08 for Rust. \nAffected versions of this crate implement Send/Sync for `ArcGuard\u003cRC, T\u003e` with no trait bounds on `RC`. This allows users to send `RC: !Send` to other threads and also allows users to concurrently access `Rc: !Sync` from multiple threads.\n\nThis can result in memory corruption from data race or other undefined behavior caused by sending `T: !Send` to other threads (e.g. dropping `MutexGuard\u003cT\u003e` in another thread that didn\u0027t lock its mutex).\n",
  "id": "GHSA-9j8q-m9x5-9g6j",
  "modified": "2021-08-24T18:52:16Z",
  "published": "2021-08-25T20:59:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36444"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/rust-async-coap/issues/33"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/rust-async-coap"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/async-coap/RUSTSEC-2020-0124.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2020-0124.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Data races in async-coap"
}

GHSA-9J94-67JR-4CQJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-08 14:45 – Updated: 2025-05-09 14:34
VLAI
Summary
Rack session gets restored after deletion
Details

Summary

When using the Rack::Session::Pool middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session.

Details

Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store with possible changes applied by host rack application. This way the session becomes to be a subject of race conditions in general sense over concurrent rack requests.

Impact

When using the Rack::Session::Pool middleware, and provided the attacker can acquire a session cookie (already a major issue), the session may be restored if the attacker can trigger a long running request (within that same session) adjacent to the user logging out, in order to retain illicit access even after a user has attempted to logout.

Mitigation

  • Update to the latest version of rack-session, or
  • Ensure your application invalidates sessions atomically by marking them as logged out e.g., using a logged_out flag, instead of deleting them, and check this flag on every request to prevent reuse, or
  • Implement a custom session store that tracks session invalidation timestamps and refuses to accept session data if the session was invalidated after the request began.

Related

This code was previously part of rack in Rack < 3, see https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-vpfw-47h7-xj4g for the equivalent advisory in rack (affecting Rack < 3 only).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "rack-session"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46336"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362",
      "CWE-367",
      "CWE-613"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-08T14:45:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-08T20:15:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nWhen using the `Rack::Session::Pool` middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session.\n\n## Details\n\n[Rack session middleware](https://github.com/rack/rack-session/blob/v2.1.0/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb#L271-L278) prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store with possible changes applied by host rack application. This way the session becomes to be a subject of race conditions in general sense over concurrent rack requests.\n\n## Impact\n\nWhen using the `Rack::Session::Pool` middleware, and provided the attacker can acquire a session cookie (already a major issue), the session may be restored if the attacker can trigger a long running request (within that same session) adjacent to the user logging out, in order to retain illicit access even after a user has attempted to logout.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of `rack-session`, or\n- Ensure your application invalidates sessions atomically by marking them as logged out e.g., using a `logged_out` flag, instead of deleting them, and check this flag on every request to prevent reuse, or\n- Implement a custom session store that tracks session invalidation timestamps and refuses to accept session data if the session was invalidated after the request began.\n\n## Related\n\nThis code was previously part of `rack` in Rack \u003c 3, see \u003chttps://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-vpfw-47h7-xj4g\u003e for the equivalent advisory in `rack` (affecting Rack \u003c 3 only).",
  "id": "GHSA-9j94-67jr-4cqj",
  "modified": "2025-05-09T14:34:48Z",
  "published": "2025-05-08T14:45:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-session/security/advisories/GHSA-9j94-67jr-4cqj"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-vpfw-47h7-xj4g"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46336"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-session/commit/c28c4a8c1861d814e09f2ae48264ac4c40be2d3b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-session"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack-session/CVE-2025-46336.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Rack session gets restored after deletion"
}

GHSA-9JJV-35HV-G56W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:26 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:26
VLAI
Details

parcimonie before 0.8.1, when using a large keyring, sleeps for the same amount of time between fetches, which allows attackers to correlate key fetches via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-1921"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-02-14T15:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "parcimonie before 0.8.1, when using a large keyring, sleeps for the same amount of time between fetches, which allows attackers to correlate key fetches via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-9jjv-35hv-g56w",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:26:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:26:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1921"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=738134"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/91118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gaffer.ptitcanardnoir.org/intrigeri/files/parcimonie/App-Parcimonie-0.8.1.tar.gz"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/305"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/308"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/65505"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-9JXP-4R84-XF98

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23
VLAI
Details

Race condition in the ext4_file_write_iter function in fs/ext4/file.c in the Linux kernel through 3.17 allows local users to cause a denial of service (file unavailability) via a combination of a write action and an F_SETFL fcntl operation for the O_DIRECT flag.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-8086"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-10-13T10:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Race condition in the ext4_file_write_iter function in fs/ext4/file.c in the Linux kernel through 3.17 allows local users to cause a denial of service (file unavailability) via a combination of a write action and an F_SETFL fcntl operation for the O_DIRECT flag.",
  "id": "GHSA-9jxp-4r84-xf98",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:23:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-8086"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1151353"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/96922"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/8/545"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/9/129"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-09/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0290.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0694.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/10/09/25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/70376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-ext4/msg45683.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-ext4/msg45685.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9M59-V99V-J834

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Runtime allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization (\u0027race condition\u0027) in Windows Runtime allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-9m59-v99v-j834",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:19Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T18:32:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50385"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
  • Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
Implementation

When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.

Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.

Mitigation
Implementation

Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions

The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.