CWE-362
Allowed-with-ReviewConcurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
2915 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FFJC-CCP9-8JJJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:10 – Updated: 2025-04-09 03:42Race condition in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 SP1; 6 and 7 for Windows XP SP2 and SP3; 6 and 7 for Server 2003 SP2; 7 for Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2; and 7 for Server 2008 SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or perform other actions upon a page transition, with the permissions of the old page and the content of the new page, as demonstrated by setInterval functions that set location.href within a try/catch expression, aka the "bait & switch vulnerability" or "Race Condition Cross-Domain Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-3091"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-06-06T21:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Race condition in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 SP1; 6 and 7 for Windows XP SP2 and SP3; 6 and 7 for Server 2003 SP2; 7 for Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2; and 7 for Server 2008 SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or perform other actions upon a page transition, with the permissions of the old page and the content of the new page, as demonstrated by setInterval functions that set location.href within a try/catch expression, aka the \"bait \u0026 switch vulnerability\" or \"Race Condition Cross-Domain Information Disclosure Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-ffjc-ccp9-8jjj",
"modified": "2025-04-09T03:42:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:10:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-3091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2009/ms09-019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/34696"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A6041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2007-06/0026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/ierace"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/38497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/54944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/25564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/2781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1018192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/471361"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/470446/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/24283"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA09-160A.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/2064"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/1538"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FFPH-9Q4Q-C343
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:36 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:36Leptonica through 1.75.3 uses hardcoded /tmp pathnames, which might allow local users to overwrite arbitrary files or have unspecified other impact by creating files in advance or winning a race condition, as demonstrated by /tmp/junk_split_image.ps in prog/splitimage2pdf.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-23T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Leptonica through 1.75.3 uses hardcoded /tmp pathnames, which might allow local users to overwrite arbitrary files or have unspecified other impact by creating files in advance or winning a race condition, as demonstrated by /tmp/junk_split_image.ps in prog/splitimage2pdf.c.",
"id": "GHSA-ffph-9q4q-c343",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:36:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:36:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts/2018/02/msg00054.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG2V-2X5H-36QC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:05 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:45In the Linux kernel through 5.4.6, there is a NULL pointer dereference in drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_discover.c because of mishandling of port disconnection during discovery, related to a PHY down race condition, aka CID-f70267f379b5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19965"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362",
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-25T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel through 5.4.6, there is a NULL pointer dereference in drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_discover.c because of mishandling of port disconnection during discovery, related to a PHY down race condition, aka CID-f70267f379b5.",
"id": "GHSA-fg2v-2x5h-36qc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:45:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:05:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19965"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f70267f379b5e5e11bdc5d72a56bf17e5feed01f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/01/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/03/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200204-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4284-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4285-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4286-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4286-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4287-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4287-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00021.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG42-VWXX-XX5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 20:58 – Updated: 2023-06-13 22:05tiny_future contains a light-weight implementation of Futures. The Future type it has lacked bound on its Send and Sync traits. This allows for a bug where non-thread safe types such as Cell can be used in Futures and cause data races in concurrent programs. The flaw was corrected in commit c791919 by adding trait bounds to Future's Send and Sync.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "tiny_future"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36438"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-09T22:41:30Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-08T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "tiny_future contains a light-weight implementation of Futures. The Future type it has lacked bound on its Send and Sync traits. This allows for a bug where non-thread safe types such as Cell can be used in Futures and cause data races in concurrent programs. The flaw was corrected in commit `c791919` by adding trait bounds to Future\u0027s Send and Sync.",
"id": "GHSA-fg42-vwxx-xx5j",
"modified": "2023-06-13T22:05:30Z",
"published": "2021-08-25T20:58:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/KizzyCode/tiny_future/issues/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/KizzyCode/tiny_future-rust/commit/c7919199a0f6d1ce0e3c33499d1b37f862c990e4"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/KizzyCode/tiny_future"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/tiny_future/RUSTSEC-2020-0118.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2020-0118.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Data race in tiny_future"
}
GHSA-FG67-6QHP-F8MJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:14Race condition in QEMU in Xen allows local x86 HVM guest OS administrators to gain privileges by changing certain data on shared rings, aka a "double fetch" vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-23T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Race condition in QEMU in Xen allows local x86 HVM guest OS administrators to gain privileges by changing certain data on shared rings, aka a \"double fetch\" vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-fg67-6qhp-f8mj",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:14:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201612-56"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX218775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-197.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FG79-5JV4-6FJ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:47In ClearPullerCacheIfNecessary and ForceClearPullerCache of StatsPullerManager.cpp, there is a possible use-after-free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-173552790
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0432"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-13T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In ClearPullerCacheIfNecessary and ForceClearPullerCache of StatsPullerManager.cpp, there is a possible use-after-free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-173552790",
"id": "GHSA-fg79-5jv4-6fj3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:47:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:47:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-04-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FG7R-2G4J-5CGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-06 22:04 – Updated: 2023-06-13 22:01If a tokio::sync::oneshot channel is closed (via the oneshot::Receiver::close method), a data race may occur if the oneshot::Sender::send method is called while the corresponding oneshot::Receiver is awaited or calling try_recv.
When these methods are called concurrently on a closed channel, the two halves of the channel can concurrently access a shared memory location, resulting in a data race. This has been observed to cause memory corruption.
Note that the race only occurs when both halves of the channel are used after the Receiver half has called close. Code where close is not used, or where the Receiver is not awaited and try_recv is not called after calling close, is not affected.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "tokio"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.1.14"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "tokio"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45710"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-05T22:43:36Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-27T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "If a tokio::sync::oneshot channel is closed (via the oneshot::Receiver::close method), a data race may occur if the oneshot::Sender::send method is called while the corresponding oneshot::Receiver is awaited or calling try_recv.\n\nWhen these methods are called concurrently on a closed channel, the two halves of the channel can concurrently access a shared memory location, resulting in a data race. This has been observed to cause memory corruption.\n\nNote that the race only occurs when both halves of the channel are used after the Receiver half has called close. Code where close is not used, or where the Receiver is not awaited and try_recv is not called after calling close, is not affected.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-fg7r-2g4j-5cgr",
"modified": "2023-06-13T22:01:00Z",
"published": "2022-01-06T22:04:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45710"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/4225"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/tokio/RUSTSEC-2021-0124.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0124.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Race Condition in tokio"
}
GHSA-FGC7-4PJ8-F29X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:13 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:13Race condition in AFP Server in Apple Mac OS X 10.5.6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via unspecified vectors related to "file enumeration logic."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-0142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-02-12T23:30:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Race condition in AFP Server in Apple Mac OS X 10.5.6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via unspecified vectors related to \"file enumeration logic.\"",
"id": "GHSA-fgc7-4pj8-f29x",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:13:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:13:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-0142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Feb/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/33759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/33812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/0422"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FGCW-C69X-X32Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-19 06:30 – Updated: 2026-07-19 06:30A vulnerability was determined in allegro up to bcf65b994ef29fb3fc2e10b660e6288723d5209e. This impacts the function AssetLastHostname.increment_hostname of the file src/ralph/assets/models/assets.py of the component Hostname Allocation Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument counter can lead to race condition. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is said to be difficult. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-19T04:17:05Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was determined in allegro up to bcf65b994ef29fb3fc2e10b660e6288723d5209e. This impacts the function AssetLastHostname.increment_hostname of the file src/ralph/assets/models/assets.py of the component Hostname Allocation Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument counter can lead to race condition. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is said to be difficult. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-fgcw-c69x-x32q",
"modified": "2026-07-19T06:30:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-19T06:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/allegro/ralph/issues/3950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/857935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380027/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-FGGM-CJ33-4GMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:24 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Trend Micro Internet Security Pro 2010 17.50.1647.0000 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-5179"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-08-25T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** Race condition in Trend Micro Internet Security Pro 2010 17.50.1647.0000 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute.",
"id": "GHSA-fggm-cj33-4gmm",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:24:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-5179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2010-05/0026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2010-05/0066.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://countermeasures.trendmicro.eu/you-just-cant-trust-a-drunk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://matousec.com/info/advisories/khobe-8.0-earthquake-for-windows-desktop-security-software.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://matousec.com/info/articles/khobe-8.0-earthquake-for-windows-desktop-security-software.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00001949.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/67660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/39924"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/05/07/argument_switch_av_bypass"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.
Mitigation
Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.
Mitigation
- Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
- Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.
Mitigation
Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.
Mitigation
Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.
Mitigation
Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.
Mitigation
Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.
Mitigation
Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.