Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-407
Allowed-with-ReviewInefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
193 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-58226 (GCVE-0-2026-58226)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 09:03 – Updated: 2026-07-06 14:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated denial-of-service via unbounded HPACK integer decoding in hpax
Summary
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in elixir-mint hpax allows unauthenticated denial-of-service via unbounded HPACK integer decoding.
hpax decodes HPACK variable-length integers with no upper bound on the decoded value or the number of continuation octets. 'Elixir.HPAX.Types':decode_remaining_integer/3 accumulates the integer as int + (value <<< m), shifting by 7 more bits for each continuation octet and stopping only on a terminating octet or truncated input, never because the integer grew too large. Because BEAM integers are arbitrary precision, a run of N continuation octets builds an O(N)-bit bignum and re-adds into an ever-larger bignum on each step, so the total decoding cost is superlinear (about O(N^2)). An unauthenticated attacker who can send an HTTP/2 header block to a server using this decoder (reached through the 'Elixir.HPAX':decode/2 entry point) can supply a small header block that forces a large, attacker-controlled amount of CPU (and transient memory), a denial-of-service amplification.
This issue affects hpax from 0.1.1 before 1.0.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/elixir-mint/hpax/security/advi… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-58226.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-58226 | related |
| https://github.com/elixir-mint/hpax/commit/1ba4bb… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| elixir-mint | hpax |
Affected:
0.1.1 , < 1.0.4
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-mint:hpax:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| elixir-mint | hpax |
Affected:
56db437a7e2c515e3bdd770ac7947b02cd2390d0 , < 1ba4bb2dc91e80089cf89c73970ac3ded76f17eb
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-mint:hpax:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2026-57480 (GCVE-0-2026-57480)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 20:53 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Parse Server: Denial of service via exponential-time processing of deeply nested query operators
Summary
Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.9.1-alpha.12 and 8.6.82, deeply nested $or, $and, and $nor query condition operators in the REST API or LiveQuery query handling could trigger exponential-time processing in the internal query-traversal helper and block the Node.js event loop. This issue is fixed in versions 9.9.1-alpha.12 and 8.6.82.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/s… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/p… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/p… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/r… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/r… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| parse-community | parse-server |
Affected:
>= 9.0.0-alpha.1, < 9.9.1-alpha.12
Affected: < 8.6.82 |
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CVE-2026-56669 (GCVE-0-2026-56669)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 20:25 – Updated: 2026-07-10 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Elysia: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity and Interpretation Conflict
Summary
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Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/commit/8358ff9… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://gist.github.com/jviide/ea040eabe7bac05832… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/releases/tag/1.4.29 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-55206 (GCVE-0-2026-55206)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 20:32 – Updated: 2026-07-09 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
py7zr: O(n^2) algorithmic complexity DoS in PackInfo._read()
Summary
py7zr is a Python-based library and utility to support 7zip archive compression, decompression, encryption and decryption. Prior to 1.1.3, PackInfo._read() in archiveinfo.py used an O(n^2) cumulative sum pattern for attacker-controlled numstreams values parsed from archive headers, allowing a crafted .7z archive to cause excessive CPU consumption during SevenZipFile.init() before extraction. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr/commit/d7aa3a197… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr/releases/tag/v1.1.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-54892 (GCVE-0-2026-54892)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 12:31 – Updated: 2026-06-23 18:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Plug: quadratic-time decoding of nested query/body parameters enables denial of service
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in Plug's nested-parameter decoder allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause denial of service. Plug.Conn.Query.decode/4 (and Plug.Conn.Query.decode_each/2) parse query strings and application/x-www-form-urlencoded request bodies. When a key contains many bracketed segments such as a[a][a][a]=1, the decoder walks the brackets and, for each of the N levels, performs a map operation keyed on an ever-growing binary prefix of the key, hashing the full byte range at each step. The total decode cost is therefore quadratic in the number of nesting levels.
With the default Plug.Parsers.URLENCODED body limit of 1,000,000 bytes, a single request can carry roughly 333,000 nesting levels and saturate a BEAM scheduler for minutes. A small number of concurrent requests can saturate all schedulers and render a Plug-based server unresponsive. No authentication or knowledge of application routes is required.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/plug/conn/query.ex and program routines Plug.Conn.Query.decode/4, Plug.Conn.Query.decode_each/2, Plug.Conn.Query.split_keys/6, Plug.Conn.Query.insert_keys/3, and Plug.Conn.Query.finalize_pointer/2.
This issue affects plug from 1.15.0 before 1.15.5, 1.16.4, 1.17.2, 1.18.3, and 1.19.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| elixir-plug | plug |
Affected:
1.15.0 , < 1.15.5
(semver)
Affected: 1.16.0 , < 1.16.4 (semver) Affected: 1.17.0 , < 1.17.2 (semver) Affected: 1.18.0 , < 1.18.3 (semver) Affected: 1.19.0 , < 1.19.3 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:elixir-plug:plug:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| elixir-plug | plug |
Affected:
712b875d3442c765d8d37e546ffd5ad9f8afcc55 , < *
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-plug:plug:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-53550 (GCVE-0-2026-53550)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 14:59 – Updated: 2026-06-29 15:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
js-yaml: Quadratic-complexity DoS in merge key handling via repeated aliases
Summary
js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. Prior to 4.2.0 and 3.15.0, a crafted YAML document can trigger algorithmic CPU exhaustion in js-yaml merge-key processing (<<) by repeating the same alias many times in a merge sequence. This causes quadratic parse-time behavior relative to input size and can block a Node.js worker/event loop for seconds with a relatively small payload (tens of KB), resulting in denial of service. The issue is in merge handling inside lib/loader.js. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.0 and 3.15.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-53539 (GCVE-0-2026-53539)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 16:55 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Python-Multipart: Quadratic-time querystring parsing with semicolon separators causes CPU denial of service
Summary
Python-Multipart is a streaming multipart parser for Python. Prior to 0.0.30, when parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded bodies, QuerystringParser located the field separator with a two step lookup: it first scanned the entire remaining buffer for &, and only when no & existed anywhere ahead did it fall back to scanning for ;. For a body that uses ; as the separator and contains no &, every field iteration performed a full failed & scan over the entire remaining buffer before locating the nearby ;. With N semicolon separated fields in a chunk of size B, this yields O(B^2) byte comparisons per chunk. An attacker can submit a small crafted body of the form a;a;a;... and cause the parser to spend seconds of CPU per request. A handful of concurrent requests can exhaust worker processes. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.0.30.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kludex | python-multipart |
Affected:
< 0.0.30
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CVE-2026-53433 (GCVE-0-2026-53433)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 12:01 – Updated: 2026-06-30 13:32 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Denial of Service in fzf
Summary
fzf is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) due to inefficient HTTP body processing in the --listen mode due to inefficient HTTP body processing using repeated string concatenation, resulting in quadratic time complexity (O(n²)). A crafted POST request with many small segments can trigger excessive CPU usage during request handling.This allows a single malicious request to monopolize the single‑threaded HTTP server, blocking all other clients and resulting in denial of service.
This issue was fixed in version 0.73.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/06/CVE-2026-53432 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/junegunn/fzf | product |
| https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/commit/7963a2c658… | issue-tracking |
Date Public
2026-06-30 12:01
Credits
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CVE-2026-49851 (GCVE-0-2026-49851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 17:05 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mistune: Potential DoS via quadratic-time parsing in parse_link_text
Summary
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, Mistune is vulnerable to a CPU exhaustion DoS due to superlinear (approximately O(n²)) behavior in parse_link_text. When parsing Markdown containing many consecutive [ characters, parse_link_text repeatedly scans the input using a regex search inside a loop. Each iteration re-scans a large portion of the remaining string, resulting in quadratic-time behavior. An attacker-controlled Markdown input can therefore trigger excessive CPU usage with a very small payload. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.3.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-49851 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492304 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| lepture | mistune |
Affected:
< 3.3.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
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CVE-2026-49460 (GCVE-0-2026-49460)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 20:28 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pypdf: Inefficient decoding of FlateDecode PNG predictor streams
Summary
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.12.2, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to long runtimes. This requires accessing a stream which uses the /FlateDecode filter with a PNG predictor. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.12.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3806 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.12.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.