CWE-416
AllowedUse After Free
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable
The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
9831 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4CPP-FG52-RFFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:54 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:54Use-after-free vulnerability in the HTML5 Audio implementation in Google Chrome before 27.0.1453.110 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-2858"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-06-05T00:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use-after-free vulnerability in the HTML5 Audio implementation in Google Chrome before 27.0.1453.110 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-4cpp-fg52-rfff",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:54:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:54:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-2858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=239897"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A15909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2013/06/stable-channel-update.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2013/dsa-2706"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-4CQJ-3J65-Q8RQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:29 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:29While calling the IPA IOCTL handler for IPA_IOC_ADD_HDR_PROC_CTX in Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, and QRD Android before 2017-10-13, a use-after-free condition may potentially occur.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14881"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-30T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "While calling the IPA IOCTL handler for IPA_IOC_ADD_HDR_PROC_CTX in Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, and QRD Android before 2017-10-13, a use-after-free condition may potentially occur.",
"id": "GHSA-4cqj-3j65-q8rq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:29:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:29:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2018-02-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/la/kernel/msm-3.10/commit/?id=81ea9c34f575422a78015535c619500c34b8a69c"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CR2-CCP7-92RR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 15:31 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:42In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mlxsw: spectrum_acl_tcam: Fix possible use-after-free during rehash
The rehash delayed work migrates filters from one region to another according to the number of available credits.
The migrated from region is destroyed at the end of the work if the number of credits is non-negative as the assumption is that this is indicative of migration being complete. This assumption is incorrect as a non-negative number of credits can also be the result of a failed migration.
The destruction of a region that still has filters referencing it can result in a use-after-free [1].
Fix by not destroying the region if migration failed.
[1] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_region_entry_remove+0x21d/0x230 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881735319e8 by task kworker/0:31/3858
CPU: 0 PID: 3858 Comm: kworker/0:31 Tainted: G W 6.9.0-rc2-custom-00782-gf2275c2157d8 #5 Hardware name: Mellanox Technologies Ltd. MSN3700/VMOD0005, BIOS 5.11 01/06/2019 Workqueue: mlxsw_core mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0xc6/0x120 print_report+0xce/0x670 kasan_report+0xd7/0x110 mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_region_entry_remove+0x21d/0x230 mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_entry_del+0x2e/0x70 mlxsw_sp_acl_atcam_entry_del+0x81/0x210 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vchunk_migrate_all+0x3cd/0xb50 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x157/0x1300 process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0 worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70 kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0 ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
Allocated by task 174: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8f/0xa0 __kmalloc+0x19c/0x360 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_region_create+0xdf/0x9c0 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x954/0x1300 process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0 worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70 kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0 ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
Freed by task 7: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 poison_slab_object+0x102/0x170 __kasan_slab_free+0x14/0x30 kfree+0xc1/0x290 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_region_destroy+0x272/0x310 mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x731/0x1300 process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0 worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70 kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0 ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-35854"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T15:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmlxsw: spectrum_acl_tcam: Fix possible use-after-free during rehash\n\nThe rehash delayed work migrates filters from one region to another\naccording to the number of available credits.\n\nThe migrated from region is destroyed at the end of the work if the\nnumber of credits is non-negative as the assumption is that this is\nindicative of migration being complete. This assumption is incorrect as\na non-negative number of credits can also be the result of a failed\nmigration.\n\nThe destruction of a region that still has filters referencing it can\nresult in a use-after-free [1].\n\nFix by not destroying the region if migration failed.\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_region_entry_remove+0x21d/0x230\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff8881735319e8 by task kworker/0:31/3858\n\nCPU: 0 PID: 3858 Comm: kworker/0:31 Tainted: G W 6.9.0-rc2-custom-00782-gf2275c2157d8 #5\nHardware name: Mellanox Technologies Ltd. MSN3700/VMOD0005, BIOS 5.11 01/06/2019\nWorkqueue: mlxsw_core mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0xc6/0x120\n print_report+0xce/0x670\n kasan_report+0xd7/0x110\n mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_region_entry_remove+0x21d/0x230\n mlxsw_sp_acl_ctcam_entry_del+0x2e/0x70\n mlxsw_sp_acl_atcam_entry_del+0x81/0x210\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vchunk_migrate_all+0x3cd/0xb50\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x157/0x1300\n process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0\n worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70\n kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0\n ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 174:\n kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x8f/0xa0\n __kmalloc+0x19c/0x360\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_region_create+0xdf/0x9c0\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x954/0x1300\n process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0\n worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70\n kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0\n ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\nFreed by task 7:\n kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\n poison_slab_object+0x102/0x170\n __kasan_slab_free+0x14/0x30\n kfree+0xc1/0x290\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_region_destroy+0x272/0x310\n mlxsw_sp_acl_tcam_vregion_rehash_work+0x731/0x1300\n process_one_work+0x8eb/0x19b0\n worker_thread+0x6c9/0xf70\n kthread+0x2c9/0x3b0\n ret_from_fork+0x4d/0x80\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30",
"id": "GHSA-4cr2-ccp7-92rr",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:42:26Z",
"published": "2024-05-17T15:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/311eeaa7b9e26aba5b3d57b09859f07d8e9fc049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c89642ca47fb620914780c7c51d8d1248201121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/54225988889931467a9b55fdbef534079b665519"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/813e2ab753a8f8c243a39ede20c2e0adc15f3887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a02687044e124f8ccb427cd3632124a4e1a7d7c1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a429a912d6c779807f4d72a6cc0a1efaaa3613e1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e118e7ea24d1392878ef85926627c6bc640c4388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CWF-XQMM-MJPV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:54A use after free in PrintPreview in Google Chrome prior to 58.0.3029.81 for Windows allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5058"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-27T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A use after free in PrintPreview in Google Chrome prior to 58.0.3029.81 for Windows allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-4cwf-xqmm-mjpv",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:54:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:54:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2017/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/694382"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201705-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038317"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F25-FPFX-V6V9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-13 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:05In incfs_kill_sb of fs/incfs/vfs.c, there is a possible memory corruption due to a use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35693"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-13T00:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In incfs_kill_sb of fs/incfs/vfs.c, there is a possible memory corruption due to a use after free. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-4f25-fpfx-v6v9",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:05:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-13T00:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/8ff940b3513cb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-07-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F3F-QMWC-952F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34Use after free in RPC Endpoint Mapper Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in RPC Endpoint Mapper Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-4f3f-qmwc-952f",
"modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:47Z",
"published": "2025-04-08T18:34:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26679"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F3P-PR3G-6QGF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-08 03:30This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected Tesla vehicles. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the wowlan_config data structure. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-17543.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42430"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-29T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected Tesla vehicles. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the wowlan_config data structure. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-17543.",
"id": "GHSA-4f3p-pr3g-6qgf",
"modified": "2023-04-08T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-03-29T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1406"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F5V-4R5W-G4X3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:24 – Updated: 2023-05-17 00:30Lua through 5.4.0 mishandles the interaction between stack resizes and garbage collection, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow, heap-based buffer over-read, or use-after-free.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15888"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-21T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Lua through 5.4.0 mishandles the interaction between stack resizes and garbage collection, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow, heap-based buffer over-read, or use-after-free.",
"id": "GHSA-4f5v-4r5w-g4x3",
"modified": "2023-05-17T00:30:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:24:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15888"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lua/lua/commit/6298903e35217ab69c279056f925fb72900ce0b7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lua/lua/commit/eb41999461b6f428186c55abd95f4ce1a76217d5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2020-07/msg00053.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2020-07/msg00054.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2020-07/msg00071.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2020-07/msg00079.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F87-MWW8-GM8X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-24 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-30 00:01A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the virtio-net device of QEMU. It could occur when the descriptor's address belongs to the non direct access region, due to num_buffers being set after the virtqueue elem has been unmapped. A malicious guest could use this flaw to crash QEMU, resulting in a denial of service condition, or potentially execute code on the host with the privileges of the QEMU process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-23T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the virtio-net device of QEMU. It could occur when the descriptor\u0027s address belongs to the non direct access region, due to num_buffers being set after the virtqueue elem has been unmapped. A malicious guest could use this flaw to crash QEMU, resulting in a denial of service condition, or potentially execute code on the host with the privileges of the QEMU process.",
"id": "GHSA-4f87-mww8-gm8x",
"modified": "2022-03-30T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-03-24T00:00:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/qemu/qemu/commit/bedd7e93d01961fcb16a97ae45d93acf357e11f6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1998514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/04/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/09/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2021-09/msg00388.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-27"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220425-0004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-3748"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4F9P-RPF6-78QV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-13 18:31Use after free in Windows DWM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Windows DWM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-4f9p-rpf6-78qv",
"modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T18:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20842"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.
Mitigation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.