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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-416

Allowed

Use After Free

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable

The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

10829 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-13071 (GCVE-0-2026-13071)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-22 19:14 – Updated: 2026-07-23 14:21
VLAI
Title
Server-Side JavaScript Aggregation Expression Memory Safety Issue Leading to Process Termination
Summary
An authenticated user with read access can cause the mongod process to be terminated through certain aggregation expressions that execute server-side JavaScript. The issue involves improper memory handling during document processing.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-23 14:21 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MongoDB MongoDB Server Affected: 7.0 , < 7.0.39 (semver)
Affected: 8.0 , < 8.0.28 (semver)
Affected: 8.2.0 , < 8.2.12 (semver)
Affected: 8.3.0 , < 8.3.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12996 (GCVE-0-2026-12996)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-30 16:38 – Updated: 2026-07-30 18:07
VLAI
Summary
A use-after-free in OpenVPN 2.6.0 through 2.6.20 and 2.7_alpha1 through 2.7.4 allows remote authenticated peers to potentially cause a denial of service or leak memory via crafted packets during TLS session promotion or expiry
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-30 18:06 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenVPN OpenVPN Affected: 2.6.0 , ≤ 2.6.20 (semver)
Affected: 2.7_alpha1 , ≤ 2.7.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12921 (GCVE-0-2026-12921)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 17:57 – Updated: 2026-06-25 18:31
VLAI
Title
Use after free in AzeoTech DAQFactory
Summary
In AzeoTech DAQFactory versions 21.1 and prior, a Use After Free vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker using specially crafted .ctl files which can result in code execution.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 18:30 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AzeoTech DAQFactory Affected: 0 , ≤ 21.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12706 (GCVE-0-2026-12706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 10:55 – Updated: 2026-06-22 19:28
VLAI
Title
Ffmpeg: ffmpeg: heap use-after-free read in rasc decoder decode_move()
Summary
A use-after-free vulnerability was found in FFmpeg's RASC video decoder. The decode_move() function initializes a read pointer into a decompressed buffer, but a subsequent reallocation of that same buffer during move-table processing leaves the pointer dangling. An attacker could exploit this by providing a specially crafted AVI file containing a malicious RASC video stream. When a user opens or plays the file, the decoder reads from freed heap memory, which could lead to a denial of service (crash).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 19:27 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-01 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12387 (GCVE-0-2026-12387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 14:22 – Updated: 2026-09-10 17:57
VLAI
Title
Mali GPU Kernel Driver allows access to already freed memory
Summary
Use After Free vulnerability in Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver allows a local non-privileged user process to perform valid GPU memory processing operations to access already freed memory. This issue affects Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r51p0, from r54p1 through r54p2; Valhall GPU Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r54p3, r55p0; Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r54p3, r55p0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 17:57 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r51p0 (patch)
Affected: r54p1 , ≤ r54p2 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r54p3 (patch)
Affected: r55p0 (patch)
Unaffected: r56p0 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r54p3 (patch)
Affected: r55p0 (patch)
Unaffected: r56p0 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12366 (GCVE-0-2026-12366)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 17:52 – Updated: 2026-08-14 19:21
VLAI
Title
Use-after-free freeing an armed dynamically-allocated k_timer in Zephyr userspace object disposal
Summary
Zephyr's dynamic kernel-object disposal path unref_check() in kernel/userspace/userspace.c frees an object's storage (k_free(dyn->data)) once its reference count reaches zero, after running a per-object-type cleanup. The cleanup switch handled only K_OBJ_MSGQ and K_OBJ_STACK; there was no K_OBJ_TIMER case. A dynamically-allocated, initialized, and armed k_timer keeps its embedded struct _timeout dnode linked in the global timeout queue (_timeout_q), so freeing the timer storage without cancelling the timeout leaves a dangling node in that queue. When the timer next expires, the timeout machinery walks _timeout_q and invokes z_timer_expiration_handler() on the freed node, dereferencing and writing freed (and reusable) kernel heap in kernel/ISR context. This is a deterministic use-after-free that does not depend on SMP: the queued node is simply never unlinked at free time. The disposal is reachable from an unprivileged user thread under CONFIG_USERSPACE + CONFIG_DYNAMIC_OBJECTS: a thread that holds the last permission on such a timer drops it via the k_object_release() syscall (or by exiting, through k_thread_perms_all_clear()), and can arm the timer itself via the k_timer_start() syscall. The free and the expiration handler run at kernel privilege while the actor is a user thread, so the bug is a sandbox-escape memory-corruption primitive usable for privilege escalation. The fix adds k_timer_cleanup() (cancel the timeout and wait for any in-flight handler) and calls it for K_OBJ_TIMER before freeing.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 19:21 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zephyrproject zephyr Affected: 1.12.0 , < 4.5.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12365 (GCVE-0-2026-12365)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 17:52 – Updated: 2026-08-14 19:22
VLAI
Title
Use-after-free in Zephyr delayable work-queue cancellation under SMP timing race
Summary
A use-after-free exists in the Zephyr second-generation work queue (kernel/work.c) in the handling of delayable work timeouts. When a delayable work item's timeout has been dequeued and its handler work_timeout() is in flight (blocked acquiring the work-queue spinlock), a concurrent cancellation does not wait for that handler to finish. In unschedule_locked() the pre-fix code called z_abort_timeout(), which for an already-announcing record returns -EINVAL without removing it; cancel_async_locked() then observes the work as idle, so even k_work_cancel_delayable_sync() and k_work_flush_delayable() return without blocking on the in-flight handler. Because those are the APIs the kernel header documents as the safe way to cancel before freeing a k_work_delayable, a caller that frees the object immediately after a successful sync cancel can race the still-pending handler. work_timeout() subsequently dereferences the freed record: it reads to->dticks via z_is_timeout_handler_canceled() and, if the freed slot has been reused so the bail check fails, performs a read-modify-write of wp->flags (K_WORK_DELAYED_BIT) and submits work against a stale dw->queue pointer — a use-after-free read and write. The k_work API is kernel-mode only (no __syscall entry point), so this is a kernel-internal concurrency defect rather than a userspace privilege escalation. Triggering it requires an SMP build and a subsystem that schedules and then frees (or reschedules) a delayable work item in the narrow window while its timeout is announcing; an attacker able to influence the timing of such teardown (for example via connection churn driving subsystem timers) has a plausible but probabilistic path. The impact is kernel memory corruption or crash (denial of service). The fix makes unschedule_locked() wait, by spinning on z_try_abort_timeout() returning -EAGAIN while releasing and re-acquiring the work spinlock, until any in-flight handler completes before returning, and switches work_timeout() to atomic K_WORK_DELAYED_BIT ownership. This closes both the free-then-handler use-after-free and the related reschedule early-fire race.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 19:22 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zephyrproject zephyr Affected: 2.6.0 , < 4.5.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12285 (GCVE-0-2026-12285)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 14:21 – Updated: 2026-09-10 17:56
VLAI
Title
Mali GPU Kernel Driver allows access to already freed memory
Summary
Use After Free vulnerability in Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver allows a local non-privileged user process to perform valid GPU memory processing operations to access already freed memory. This issue affects Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r51p0, from r54p1 through r54p2; Valhall GPU Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r54p3, r55p0; Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver: from r41p0 through r49p5, from r50p0 through r54p3, r55p0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 17:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r51p0 (patch)
Affected: r54p1 , ≤ r54p2 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r54p3 (patch)
Affected: r55p0 (patch)
Unaffected: r56p0 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver Affected: r41p0 , ≤ r49p5 (patch)
Affected: r50p0 , ≤ r54p3 (patch)
Affected: r55p0 (patch)
Unaffected: r56p0 (patch)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12245 (GCVE-0-2026-12245)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 05:24 – Updated: 2026-06-25 12:42
VLAI
Title
Denial of DNS over TLS service by any DoT client
Summary
NSD from version 4.13.0 has a heap use-after-free bug in logging errors on TLS connections, causing a crash of the server process, which can be triggered trivially by sending a DNS query over a DoT connection, and closing the connection without reading the response.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 12:42 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NLnet Labs NSD Affected: 4.13.0 , < 4.14.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-25 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-11941 (GCVE-0-2026-11941)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 09:55 – Updated: 2026-06-22 15:10
VLAI
Title
Use-after-free in connection ID iterator and FFI functions
Summary
Cloudflare Quiche was affected by 2 use-after-free vulnerabilities in the connection ID iterator FFI functions. The “quiche_connection_id_iter_next” and “quiche_conn_retired_scid_next” functions would return a pointer to a “ConnectionId” to the applications via function arguments, but the owned “ConnectionId” would be dropped at the end of those functions' scope. Only applications using those FFI functions are affected. The FFI API is disabled by default by a build-time feature flag. Impact If unpatched, an application calling the affected FFI functions will dereference freed memory. The most likely outcome is undefined behavior leading to a process crash (denial of service). Depending on allocator state, the read may also return adjacent heap contents, resulting in limited information disclosure or incorrect connection identifier handling. Mitigation Users are requested to upgrade to quiche 0.29.2 which is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 15:09 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cloudflare Quiche Affected: 0.20.0 , ≤ 0.29.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-19 09:49
Show details on NVD website

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          "value": "Cloudflare Quiche was affected by 2 use-after-free vulnerabilities in the connection ID iterator FFI functions.\n\n\n\nThe \u201cquiche_connection_id_iter_next\u201d and \u201cquiche_conn_retired_scid_next\u201d functions would return a pointer to a \u201cConnectionId\u201d to the applications via function arguments, but the owned \u201cConnectionId\u201d would be dropped at the end of those functions\u0027 scope.\n\n\n\nOnly applications using those FFI functions are affected. The FFI API is disabled by default by a build-time feature flag.\n\n\n\nImpact\nIf unpatched, an application calling the affected FFI functions will dereference freed memory. The most likely outcome is undefined behavior leading to a process crash (denial of service). Depending on allocator state, the read may also return adjacent heap contents, resulting in limited information disclosure or incorrect connection identifier handling.\n\n\n\nMitigation\nUsers are requested to upgrade to quiche 0.29.2 which is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 5.6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-416",
              "description": "CWE-416 Use after free",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-19T09:55:54.501Z",
        "orgId": "a22f1246-ba21-4bb4-a601-ad51614c1513",
        "shortName": "cloudflare"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/quiche/security/advisories/GHSA-mh64-ph39-mrc9"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Use-after-free in connection ID iterator and FFI functions",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a22f1246-ba21-4bb4-a601-ad51614c1513",
    "assignerShortName": "cloudflare",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-11941",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-19T09:55:54.501Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-10T20:16:34.590Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T15:10:00.033Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.