Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-425
AllowedDirect Request ('Forced Browsing')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files.
269 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H95R-6J2F-JGRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:17 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:17
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability in the web framework of Cisco Unified Communications Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to view sensitive data. The vulnerability is due to insufficient protection of database tables. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by browsing to a specific URL. An exploit could allow the attacker to view data library information. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf20269.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0105"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-18T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web framework of Cisco Unified Communications Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to view sensitive data. The vulnerability is due to insufficient protection of database tables. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by browsing to a specific URL. An exploit could allow the attacker to view data library information. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf20269.",
"id": "GHSA-h95r-6j2f-jgrc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:17:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:17:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180117-ucm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040245"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H98W-JF8X-JW68
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-01 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:21
VLAI
Details
An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.5, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.1. Due to improper permission validation it was possible to create model experiments in public projects.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4018"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-01T11:15:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.5, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.1. Due to improper permission validation it was possible to create model experiments in public projects.",
"id": "GHSA-h98w-jf8x-jw68",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:21:30Z",
"published": "2023-09-01T12:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2083440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/420301"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HHHX-JQ47-9GV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 02:01 – Updated: 2022-05-01 02:01
VLAI
Details
PostNuke 0.750 and 0.760RC3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a direct request to (1) theme.php or (2) Xanthia.php in the Xanthia module, (3) user.php, (4) thelang.php, (5) text.php, (6) html.php, (7) menu.php, (8) finclude.php, or (9) button.php in the pnblocks directory in the Blocks module, (10) config.php in the NS-Multisites (aka Multisites) module, or (11) xmlrpc.php, which reveals the path in an error message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2005-1698"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2005-05-24T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PostNuke 0.750 and 0.760RC3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via a direct request to (1) theme.php or (2) Xanthia.php in the Xanthia module, (3) user.php, (4) thelang.php, (5) text.php, (6) html.php, (7) menu.php, (8) finclude.php, or (9) button.php in the pnblocks directory in the Blocks module, (10) config.php in the NS-Multisites (aka Multisites) module, or (11) xmlrpc.php, which reveals the path in an error message.",
"id": "GHSA-hhhx-jq47-9gv3",
"modified": "2022-05-01T02:01:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T02:01:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2005-1698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=111670506926649\u0026w=2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HHQX-5J72-QF6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-30 12:30 – Updated: 2023-04-06 18:30
VLAI
Details
Rapid7 Nexpose versions 6.6.186 and below suffer from a forced browsing vulnerability. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate URLs to forcefully browse to and access administrative pages. This vulnerability is fixed in version 6.6.187.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1699"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-30T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Rapid7 Nexpose versions 6.6.186 and below suffer from a forced browsing vulnerability. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate URLs to forcefully browse to and access administrative pages. This vulnerability is fixed in version 6.6.187.",
"id": "GHSA-hhqx-5j72-qf6h",
"modified": "2023-04-06T18:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-03-30T12:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.rapid7.com/release-notes/nexpose/20230329"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM32-HFMW-RHVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-26 09:30
VLAI
Summary
Keycloak has a Forced Browsing issue
Details
When Keycloak is started with --features-disabled=account,account-api, the Account REST API is only partially disabled. Five endpoints under the versioned path /account/v1alpha1 remain fully functional — including both read and write operations — because they lack the checkAccountApiEnabled() gate that correctly blocks four other endpoints in the same REST service class. The user needs to have permissions to use the API.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "26.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7500"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-07T00:07:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T15:16:23Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When Keycloak is started with `--features-disabled=account,account-api`, the Account REST API is only partially disabled. Five endpoints under the versioned path `/account/v1alpha1` remain fully functional \u2014 including both read and write operations \u2014 because they lack the `checkAccountApiEnabled()` gate that correctly blocks four other endpoints in the same REST service class. The user needs to have permissions to use the API.",
"id": "GHSA-hm32-hfmw-rhvg",
"modified": "2026-06-26T09:30:43Z",
"published": "2026-04-30T15:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7500"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/48709"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/pull/48715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25098"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-7500"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2464126"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Keycloak has a Forced Browsing issue"
}
GHSA-HMHR-HG65-M689
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53
VLAI
Details
In TotalAlert Web Application in BeaconMedaes Scroll Medical Air Systems prior to v4107600010.23, by accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the webserver, a malicious user may be able to access information in the application without authenticating.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7526"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-24T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In TotalAlert Web Application in BeaconMedaes Scroll Medical Air Systems prior to v4107600010.23, by accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the webserver, a malicious user may be able to access information in the application without authenticating.",
"id": "GHSA-hmhr-hg65-m689",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:53:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-18-144-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HQ4F-5QJV-FWRG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-21 19:51 – Updated: 2025-05-21 19:51
VLAI
Summary
The Backup Plus extension for TYPO3 (ns_backup) has a Predictable Resource Location
Details
The ns_backup extension through 13.0.0 for TYPO3 has a Predictable Resource Location. This allows an unauthenticated remote user to download created backups and configuration files.
Severity
8.6 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "nitsan/ns-backup"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "13.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48201"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-21T19:51:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-21T16:15:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The ns_backup extension through 13.0.0 for TYPO3 has a Predictable Resource Location. This allows an unauthenticated remote user to download created backups and configuration files.",
"id": "GHSA-hq4f-5qjv-fwrg",
"modified": "2025-05-21T19:51:24Z",
"published": "2025-05-21T19:51:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nitsan-technologies/ns_backup/commit/67b8102a19e8e516dc4228f5c42f9e4fba5046cb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/nitsan/ns-backup/CVE-2025-48201.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nitsan-technologies/ns_backup"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-ext-sa-2025-007"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "The Backup Plus extension for TYPO3 (ns_backup) has a Predictable Resource Location"
}
GHSA-HRMF-4PVG-RF3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-04 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33
VLAI
Details
Direct Request ('Forced Browsing') vulnerability in Apache OFBiz.
This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.16.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 18.12.16, which fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-04T09:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Direct Request (\u0027Forced Browsing\u0027) vulnerability in Apache OFBiz.\n\nThis issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.16.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 18.12.16, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-hrmf-4pvg-rf3x",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:06Z",
"published": "2024-09-04T09:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/OFBIZ-13130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/o90dd9lbk1hh3t2557t2y2qvrh92p7wy"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ofbiz.apache.org/download.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ofbiz.apache.org/security.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-45195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/09/03/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HX2X-P3W3-X6VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:10 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31
VLAI
Details
goform/formEMR30 in Sumavision Enhanced Multimedia Router (EMR) 3.0.4.27 allows creation of arbitrary users with elevated privileges (administrator) on a device, as demonstrated by a setString=new_user<1>administrator<1>123456 request.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10181"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-352",
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "goform/formEMR30 in Sumavision Enhanced Multimedia Router (EMR) 3.0.4.27 allows creation of arbitrary users with elevated privileges (administrator) on a device, as demonstrated by a setString=new_user\u003c*1*\u003eadministrator\u003c*1*\u003e123456 request.",
"id": "GHSA-hx2x-p3w3-x6vh",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:10:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/s1kr10s/Sumavision_EMR3.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-10181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ufcj4D9eA5o"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156746/Enhanced-Multimedia-Router-3.0.4.27-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J3GX-2473-5FP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-07 00:30 – Updated: 2026-07-15 12:31
VLAI
Details
url.Parse insufficiently validated the host/authority component and accepted some invalid URLs.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1286",
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T22:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "url.Parse insufficiently validated the host/authority component and accepted some invalid URLs.",
"id": "GHSA-j3gx-2473-5fp8",
"modified": "2026-07-15T12:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-03-07T00:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7009"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7328"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7665"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7833"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7834"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7876"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8322"
},
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{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19353"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19719"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20582"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21017"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21655"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Operation
Apply appropriate access control authorizations for each access to all restricted URLs, scripts or files.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Consider using MVC based frameworks such as Struts.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-143: Detect Unpublicized Web Pages
An adversary searches a targeted web site for web pages that have not been publicized. In doing this, the adversary may be able to gain access to information that the targeted site did not intend to make public.
CAPEC-144: Detect Unpublicized Web Services
An adversary searches a targeted web site for web services that have not been publicized. This attack can be especially dangerous since unpublished but available services may not have adequate security controls placed upon them given that an administrator may believe they are unreachable.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.