Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-425

Allowed

Direct Request ('Forced Browsing')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files.

269 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JJV8-4R6F-2MJ4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-11 00:02 – Updated: 2022-03-18 00:01
VLAI
Details

Improper Protection of Alternate Path vulnerability in Setup wizard process prior to SMR Mar-2022 Release 1 allows physical attacker package installation before finishing Setup wizard.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-24932"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-424",
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-10T17:46:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper Protection of Alternate Path vulnerability in Setup wizard process prior to SMR Mar-2022 Release 1 allows physical attacker package installation before finishing Setup wizard.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjv8-4r6f-2mj4",
  "modified": "2022-03-18T00:01:21Z",
  "published": "2022-03-11T00:02:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24932"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJWH-4X89-7F5W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-21 18:22 – Updated: 2025-05-21 19:05
VLAI
Summary
reint_downloadmanager TYPO3 Extension is susceptible to Insecure Direct Object Reference
Details

Insecure Direct Object Reference in the reint_downloadmanager TYPO3 extension allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via the downloaduid parameter in the downloadAction.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "renolit/reint-downloadmanager"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "renolit/reint-downloadmanager"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48207"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425",
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-21T18:22:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-21T16:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insecure Direct Object Reference in the reint_downloadmanager TYPO3 extension allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via the downloaduid parameter in the downloadAction.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjwh-4x89-7f5w",
  "modified": "2025-05-21T19:05:25Z",
  "published": "2025-05-21T18:22:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48207"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Kephson/reint_downloadmanager/commit/99b07497f5842a59e934583283e1b5a477ce79a9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/renolit/reint-downloadmanager/CVE-2025-48207.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Kephson/reint_downloadmanager"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-ext-sa-2025-004"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "reint_downloadmanager TYPO3 Extension is susceptible to Insecure Direct Object Reference"
}

GHSA-JP98-7C67-GJQV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-23 21:30 – Updated: 2022-11-28 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in the /index/user/user_edit.html component of YJCMS v1.0.9 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain the Administrator account password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-45276"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-23T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in the /index/user/user_edit.html component of YJCMS v1.0.9 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain the Administrator account password.",
  "id": "GHSA-jp98-7c67-gjqv",
  "modified": "2022-11-28T21:30:23Z",
  "published": "2022-11-23T21:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45276"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Zoe0427/YJCMS"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JPJH-85F7-386R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-30 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-05 00:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in TEM FLEX-1080 and FLEX-1085 1.6.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability log.cgi of the component Log Handler. A direct request leads to information disclosure of hardware information. The attack can be initiated remotely and does not require any form of authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1077"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-29T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in TEM FLEX-1080 and FLEX-1085 1.6.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability log.cgi of the component Log Handler. A direct request leads to information disclosure of hardware information. The attack can be initiated remotely and does not require any form of authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-jpjh-85f7-386r",
  "modified": "2022-04-05T00:00:43Z",
  "published": "2022-03-30T00:00:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1077"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.194848"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M2JW-WC29-6QMV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-19 03:31 – Updated: 2025-12-19 03:31
VLAI
Details

The GitHub Integration API in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive repository metadata via the repository owner and name fields. It fails to validate that the repository owner and name fields provided during configuration belong to the specific GitHub App Installation ID associated with the user's organization.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67844"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-19T02:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The GitHub Integration API in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive repository metadata via the repository owner and name fields. It fails to validate that the repository owner and name fields provided during configuration belong to the specific GitHub App Installation ID associated with the user\u0027s organization.",
  "id": "GHSA-m2jw-wc29-6qmv",
  "modified": "2025-12-19T03:31:18Z",
  "published": "2025-12-19T03:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67844"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kibty.town/blog/mintlify"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46317098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mintlify.com/blog/working-with-security-researchers-november-2025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mintlify.com/docs/changelog"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M4QJ-MFXH-2V5C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-28 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-12 00:01
VLAI
Details

In Bender/ebee Charge Controllers in multiple versions are prone to unprotected data export. Backup export is protected via a random key. The key is set at user login. It is empty after reboot .

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-34588"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-27T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Bender/ebee Charge Controllers in multiple versions are prone to unprotected data export. Backup export is protected via a random key. The key is set at user login. It is empty after reboot .",
  "id": "GHSA-m4qj-mfxh-2v5c",
  "modified": "2022-05-12T00:01:42Z",
  "published": "2022-04-28T00:00:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2021-047"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M62Q-GFWG-6W9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-11 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-18 00:00
VLAI
Details

A Privilege Escalation vulnerability exists in Sourcecodester Money Transfer Management System 1.0, which allows a remote malicious user to gain elevated privileges to the Admin role via any URL.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-44582"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-10T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Privilege Escalation vulnerability exists in Sourcecodester Money Transfer Management System 1.0, which allows a remote malicious user to gain elevated privileges to the Admin role via any URL.",
  "id": "GHSA-m62q-gfwg-6w9f",
  "modified": "2022-06-18T00:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-06-11T00:00:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44582"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/warmachine-57/CVE-2021-44582/blob/main/Privilege%20Escalation%20via%20Forced%20Browsing%20in%20Sourcecodester%20Money%20Transfer%20Management%20System"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/15015/money-transfer-management-system-send-money-businesses-php-free-source-code.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M7P8-HCW4-P377

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-05 12:30 – Updated: 2025-04-10 21:30
VLAI
Details

A CWE-862 “Missing Authorization” vulnerability in the “measure” functionality of the web application allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to access confidential measure information. This issue affects: AiLux imx6 bundle below version imx6_1.0.7-2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45598"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-05T12:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A CWE-862 \u201cMissing Authorization\u201d vulnerability in the \u201cmeasure\u201d functionality of the web application allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to access confidential measure information. This issue affects: AiLux imx6 bundle below version imx6_1.0.7-2.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7p8-hcw4-p377",
  "modified": "2025-04-10T21:30:45Z",
  "published": "2024-03-05T12:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45598"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2023-45598"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MC6Q-CQX3-W7P9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53
VLAI
Details

OMRON NS devices 1.1 through 1.3 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via a direct request to the .html file for a specific screen, as demonstrated by monitor.html.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-6624"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-02-05T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "OMRON NS devices 1.1 through 1.3 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via a direct request to the .html file for a specific screen, as demonstrated by monitor.html.",
  "id": "GHSA-mc6q-cqx3-w7p9",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:53:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.cl/2018/02/otomron-login-bypass.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MCM9-5X7F-2H95

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-12 15:30
VLAI
Details

An improper authentication vulnerability affecting Vonets

industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication via a specially crafted direct request when another user has an active session.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-42001"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-425"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T13:38:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper authentication vulnerability affecting Vonets\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge repeaters, software versions \n3.3.23.6.9 and prior enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to \nbypass authentication via a specially crafted direct request when \nanother user has an active session.",
  "id": "GHSA-mcm9-5x7f-2h95",
  "modified": "2024-08-12T15:30:50Z",
  "published": "2024-08-12T15:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42001"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-214-08"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Operation

Apply appropriate access control authorizations for each access to all restricted URLs, scripts or files.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Consider using MVC based frameworks such as Struts.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-143: Detect Unpublicized Web Pages

An adversary searches a targeted web site for web pages that have not been publicized. In doing this, the adversary may be able to gain access to information that the targeted site did not intend to make public.

CAPEC-144: Detect Unpublicized Web Services

An adversary searches a targeted web site for web services that have not been publicized. This attack can be especially dangerous since unpublished but available services may not have adequate security controls placed upon them given that an administrator may believe they are unreachable.

CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)

An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.

CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing

An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.