CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1811 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-W97X-J6RG-55V5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-30 00:00 – Updated: 2023-10-27 16:59Jenkins Proxmox Plugin 0.5.0 and earlier stores the Proxmox Datacenter password unencrypted in the global config.xml file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:proxmox"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.6.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28141"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-29T22:57:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-29T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins Proxmox Plugin 0.5.0 and earlier stores the Proxmox Datacenter password unencrypted in the global config.xml file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.",
"id": "GHSA-w97x-j6rg-55v5",
"modified": "2023-10-27T16:59:57Z",
"published": "2022-03-30T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28141"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/proxmox-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-03-29/#SECURITY-2079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/03/29/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Password stored in plain text by Jenkins Proxmox Plugin"
}
GHSA-W99P-36HQ-4282
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 15:32 – Updated: 2024-05-14 15:32IBM TXSeries for Multiplatforms 8.2 transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval. IBM X-Force ID: 280192.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T14:57:45Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM TXSeries for Multiplatforms 8.2 transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval. IBM X-Force ID: 280192.",
"id": "GHSA-w99p-36hq-4282",
"modified": "2024-05-14T15:32:52Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T15:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/280192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7150667"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W9FP-WG9V-CR6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-20 09:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 09:30PrismX MX100 AP controller developed by BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to allowing authenticated remote attackers to obtain SMTP plaintext passwords through the web frontend.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1223"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-20T07:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PrismX MX100 AP controller developed by BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to allowing authenticated remote attackers to obtain SMTP plaintext passwords through the web frontend.",
"id": "GHSA-w9fp-wg9v-cr6h",
"modified": "2026-01-20T09:30:20Z",
"published": "2026-01-20T09:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1223"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10643-2f8d7-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10642-3b808-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WC42-FCJP-V8VQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-04 21:38 – Updated: 2026-02-04 21:38Impact
Config partition measurement was moved from PCR 13 to PCR 14 in a commit, but PCR 14 was not added to the list of PCRs that seal/unseal the vault key. As a result, an attacker can remove the disk, use another server to modify the files in the config partition, and then re-insert the disk.
Patches
Fixed in EVE version 9.4.3-lts
Workarounds
None (apart from preventing physical access to the device)
Resources
https://help.zededa.com/hc/en-us/articles/43295940828827-TPM-PCR-Index-Security-Implications https://github.com/lf-edge/eve/commit/d9383a7ee4e1c39f5c8c6d4a63cb2ebd00695e8a
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/lf-edge/eve"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.0-20230519072751-977f42b07fa9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43634"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522",
"CWE-922"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-04T21:38:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nConfig partition measurement was moved from PCR 13 to PCR 14 in a commit, but PCR 14 was not added to the list of PCRs that seal/unseal the vault key. As a result, an attacker can remove the disk, use another server to modify the files in the config partition, and then re-insert the disk.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in EVE version 9.4.3-lts\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone (apart from preventing physical access to the device)\n\n### Resources\n\nhttps://help.zededa.com/hc/en-us/articles/43295940828827-TPM-PCR-Index-Security-Implications\nhttps://github.com/lf-edge/eve/commit/d9383a7ee4e1c39f5c8c6d4a63cb2ebd00695e8a",
"id": "GHSA-wc42-fcjp-v8vq",
"modified": "2026-02-04T21:38:32Z",
"published": "2026-02-04T21:38:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve/security/advisories/GHSA-wc42-fcjp-v8vq"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/config-partition-not-protected-by-measured-boot"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2023-43634"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "EVE Doesn\u0027t Protect Config Partition with Measured Boot"
}
GHSA-WCG7-H679-FV25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Airangel HSMX Gateway devices through 5.2.04 have Weak SSH Credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40520"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Airangel HSMX Gateway devices through 5.2.04 have Weak SSH Credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-wcg7-h679-fv25",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:20:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://airangel.com/hsmx-gateway"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://etizazmohsin.com/hsmx.html#ssh"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WCJJ-QM5V-J4PC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-16 12:00 – Updated: 2025-04-30 20:25Jenkins Reverse Proxy Auth Plugin versions 1.7.3 and earlier stores the LDAP manager password unencrypted in the global config.xml file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by attackers with access to the Jenkins controller file system.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:reverse-proxy-auth-plugin"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.7.3"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-45384"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-256",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-21T22:22:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-15T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins Reverse Proxy Auth Plugin versions 1.7.3 and earlier stores the LDAP manager password unencrypted in the global config.xml file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by attackers with access to the Jenkins controller file system.",
"id": "GHSA-wcjj-qm5v-j4pc",
"modified": "2025-04-30T20:25:23Z",
"published": "2022-11-16T12:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45384"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/reverse-proxy-auth-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-11-15/#SECURITY-2094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/11/15/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins Reverse Proxy Auth Plugin vulnerable due to plaintext storage of passwords"
}
GHSA-WF24-4M95-7WJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:19Thunderbird ignored the configuration to require STARTTLS security for an SMTP connection. A MITM could perform a downgrade attack to intercept transmitted messages, or could take control of the authenticated session to execute SMTP commands chosen by the MITM. If an unprotected authentication method was configured, the MITM could obtain the authentication credentials, too. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 91.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38502"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-03T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Thunderbird ignored the configuration to require STARTTLS security for an SMTP connection. A MITM could perform a downgrade attack to intercept transmitted messages, or could take control of the authenticated session to execute SMTP commands chosen by the MITM. If an unprotected authentication method was configured, the MITM could obtain the authentication credentials, too. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 91.2.",
"id": "GHSA-wf24-4m95-7wjm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:19:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1733366"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/01/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-47"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WG6R-JQR9-2745
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:25 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:25The default configuration of Tridium Niagara AX Framework through 3.6 uses a cleartext base64 format for transmission of credentials in cookies, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-08-16T10:38:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The default configuration of Tridium Niagara AX Framework through 3.6 uses a cleartext base64 format for transmission of credentials in cookies, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network.",
"id": "GHSA-wg6r-jqr9-2745",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:25:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:25:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tridium.com/cs/tridium_news/security_patch_36"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-12-228-01.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WG8W-8QRR-6452
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-25 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:41An HPE OneView appliance dump may expose OneView user accounts
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-25T19:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An HPE OneView appliance dump may expose OneView user accounts",
"id": "GHSA-wg8w-8qrr-6452",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:41:02Z",
"published": "2023-04-25T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=hpesbgn04469en_us"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WGX4-MFW2-CCW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14Triggering an error page of the import process in Yakamara Media Redaxo CMS version 5.12.1 allows an authenticated CMS user has to alternate the files of a vaild file backup. This leads of leaking the database credentials in the environment variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-09T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Triggering an error page of the import process in Yakamara Media Redaxo CMS version 5.12.1 allows an authenticated CMS user has to alternate the files of a vaild file backup. This leads of leaking the database credentials in the environment variables.",
"id": "GHSA-wgx4-mfw2-ccw7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/evildrummer/CVE-2021-XYZ2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/evildrummer/MyOwnCVEs/tree/main/CVE-2021-39458"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.