Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-527

Allowed

Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product stores a CVS, git, or other repository in a directory, archive, or other resource that is stored, transferred, or otherwise made accessible to unauthorized actors.

5 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2022-20931 (GCVE-0-2022-20931)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-15 15:30 – Updated: 2024-11-15 15:47
VLAI
Title
Cisco Touch 10 Device Downgrade Attack Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the version control of Cisco TelePresence CE Software for Cisco Touch 10 Devices could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to install an older version of the software on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient version control. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by installing an older version of Cisco TelePresence CE Software on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take advantage of vulnerabilities in older versions of the software.Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-527 - Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco TelePresence Endpoint Software (TC/CE) Affected: CE9.10.2
Affected: CE9.1.4
Affected: CE9.9.3
Affected: CE9.10.3
Affected: CE9.1.5
Affected: CE9.2.4
Affected: CE9.10.1
Affected: CE9.13.0
Affected: CE9.1.2
Affected: CE9.1.1
Affected: CE9.9.4
Affected: CE9.2.1
Affected: CE9.1.3
Affected: CE9.0.1
Affected: CE9.1.6
Affected: CE9.12.4
Affected: CE9.2.2
Affected: CE9.12.3
Affected: CE9.2.3
Affected: CE9.13.1
Affected: CE9.14.3
Affected: CE9.14.4
Affected: CE9.13.2
Affected: CE9.12.5
Affected: CE9.14.5
Affected: CE9.15.0.10
Affected: CE9.15.0.11
Affected: CE9.13.3
Affected: CE9.15.0.13
Affected: CE9.14.6
Affected: CE9.15.3.17
Affected: CE9.14.7
Affected: CE9.15.0.19
Affected: CE9.15.3.19
Affected: CE9.15.3.18
Affected: CE9.15.3.22
Affected: CE9.15.8.12
Affected: CE9.15.10.8
Affected: CE9.15.3.26
Affected: CE9.15.3.25
Affected: CE9.15.13.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-21423 (GCVE-0-2021-21423)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-06 18:35 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:09
VLAI
Title
Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere in projen
Summary
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CWE
  • CWE-527 - Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
projen projen Affected: >= 0.6.0, < 0.16.41
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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GHSA-92GJ-2WF7-H87V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-15 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-15 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the version control of Cisco TelePresence CE Software for Cisco Touch 10 Devices could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to install an older version of the software on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient version control. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by installing an older version of Cisco TelePresence CE Software on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take advantage of vulnerabilities in older versions of the software.Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

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GHSA-GG2G-M5WC-VCCQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-04-06 18:36 – Updated: 2024-10-21 20:05
VLAI
Summary
Rebuild-bot workflow may allow unauthorised repository modifications
Details

Impact

projen is a project generation tool that synthesizes project configuration files such as package.json, tsconfig.json, .gitignore, GitHub Workflows, eslint, jest, and more, from a well-typed definition written in JavaScript. Users of projen's NodeProject project type (including any project type derived from it) include a .github/workflows/rebuild-bot.yml workflow that may allow any GitHub user to trigger execution of un-trusted code in the context of the "main" repository (as opposed to that of a fork). In some situations, such untrusted code may potentially be able to commit to the "main" repository.

The rebuild-bot workflow is triggered by comments including @projen rebuild on pull-request to trigger a re-build of the projen project, and updating the pull request with the updated files. This workflow is triggered by an issue_comment event, and thus always executes with a GITHUB_TOKEN belonging to the repository into which the pull-request is made (this is in contrast with workflows triggered by pull_request events, which always execute with a GITHUB_TOKEN belonging to the repository from which the pull-request is made).

Repositories that do not have branch protection configured on their default branch (typically main or master) could possibly allow an untrusted user to gain access to secrets configured on the repository (such as NPM tokens, etc). Branch protection prohibits this escalation, as the managed GITHUB_TOKEN would not be able to modify the contents of a protected branch and affected workflows must be defined on the default branch.

Patches

The issue was mitigated in version 0.16.41 of the projen tool, which removes the issue_comment trigger from this workflow. Version 0.17.0 of projen completely removes the rebuild-bot.yml workflow.

Workarounds

The recommended way to address the vulnerability is to upgrade projen. Users who cannot upgrade projen may also remove the .github/workflows/rebuild-bot.yml file and add it to their .gitignore file (via projenrc.js) to mitigate the issue.

References

The rebuild-bot.yml workflow managed by projen is only one occurrence of a GitHub Workflows mis-configuration, but it may also be present in other workflows not managed by projen (either hand-written, or managed by other tools). For more information on this class of issues, the Keeping your GitHub Actions and workflows secure: Preventing pwn requests article provides a great overview of the problem.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "projen"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.16.41"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "projen"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.16.41"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21423"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-527"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-04-06T18:36:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-06T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\n`projen` is a project generation tool that synthesizes project configuration files such as `package.json`, `tsconfig.json`, `.gitignore`, GitHub Workflows, `eslint`, `jest`, and more, from a well-typed definition written in JavaScript. Users of projen\u0027s `NodeProject` project type (including any project type derived from it) include a `.github/workflows/rebuild-bot.yml` workflow that may allow any GitHub user to trigger execution of un-trusted code in the context of the \"main\" repository (as opposed to that of a fork). In some situations, such untrusted code may potentially be able to commit to the \"main\" repository.\n\nThe rebuild-bot workflow is triggered by comments including `@projen rebuild` on pull-request to trigger a re-build of the projen project, and updating the pull request with the updated files. This workflow is triggered by an `issue_comment` event, and thus always executes with a `GITHUB_TOKEN` belonging to the repository into which the pull-request is made (this is in contrast with workflows triggered by `pull_request` events, which always execute with a `GITHUB_TOKEN` belonging to the repository from which the pull-request is made).\n\nRepositories that do not have branch protection configured on their default branch (typically `main` or `master`) could possibly allow an untrusted user to gain access to secrets configured on the repository (such as NPM tokens, etc). Branch protection prohibits this escalation, as the managed `GITHUB_TOKEN` would not be able to modify the contents of a protected branch and affected workflows must be defined on the default branch. \n\n### Patches\n\nThe issue was mitigated in version `0.16.41` of the `projen` tool, which removes the `issue_comment` trigger from this workflow. Version `0.17.0` of projen completely removes the `rebuild-bot.yml` workflow.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe recommended way to address the vulnerability is to upgrade `projen`. Users who cannot upgrade `projen` may also remove the `.github/workflows/rebuild-bot.yml` file and add it to their `.gitignore` file (via `projenrc.js`) to mitigate the issue.\n\n### References\n\nThe `rebuild-bot.yml` workflow managed by `projen` is only one occurrence of a GitHub Workflows mis-configuration, but it may also be present in other workflows not managed by `projen` (either hand-written, or managed by other tools). For more information on this class of issues, the [Keeping your GitHub Actions and workflows secure: Preventing pwn requests][1] article provides a great overview of the problem.\n \n\n[1]: https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-preventing-pwn-requests",
  "id": "GHSA-gg2g-m5wc-vccq",
  "modified": "2024-10-21T20:05:47Z",
  "published": "2021-04-06T18:36:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/projen/projen/security/advisories/GHSA-gg2g-m5wc-vccq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/projen/projen/commit/36030c6a4b1acd0054673322612e7c70e9446643"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/projen/projen"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/projen/PYSEC-2021-111.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/projen"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Rebuild-bot workflow may allow unauthorised repository modifications"
}

GHSA-X6GV-2RVH-QMP6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-13 23:03 – Updated: 2025-10-27 16:22
VLAI
Summary
m00nl1ght-dev/steam-workshop-deploy: Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere and Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Details

Summary

The steam-workshop-deploy github action does not exclude the .git directory when packaging content for deployment and provides no built-in way to do so. If a .git folder exists in the target directory (e.g., due to a local Git repo, custom project structure, or via the actions/checkout workflow), it is silently included in the output package. This results in leakage of sensitive repository metadata and potentially credentials, including github personal access tokens (PATs) embedded in .git/config.

Many game modding projects require packaging from the project root as the game expects certain files (assets, configuration, metadata) to be present at specific root-level paths. Consequently, the .git directory often exists alongside these required files and gets packaged unintentionally, especially when using actions/checkout.

While github hosted runners automatically revoke ephemeral credentials at the end of each job, the severity of this issue increases dramatically in other CI environments:

  • Self-hosted runners may store long-lived tokens or secrets.
  • Developers may maintain their own .git folders with embedded PATs or remotes tied to private repositories.
  • The workflow may run without the actions/checkout action, distributing the .git directory present on the running machine if it exists in the directory.

A real example of an affected mod can be found here: https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/wildermyth-drauven-pcs/security/advisories/GHSA-7j9v-72w9-ww6w

Details

Who is affected: - Any user of steam-workshop-deploy operating in an environment where .git exists in the packaging directory. - Any user of steam-workshop-deploy operating in an environment where the actions/checkout workflow is used and then the .git directory is inadvertently generated within the packaging directory (greatly reduced severity due to the ephemeral nature of github actions).

Impact

The severity of this issue for downstream components can range from 0.0 (no credentials, sensitive metadata, or private source code were present in the packaging directory) to 10.0 (extremely sensitive, high privilige credentials or source code from private repositories were exposed).

The actual severity depends primarily on the permissions, scope, and nature of the exposed data: * Low/none (0.0-3.9): Only non-sensitive repository metadata was exposed, no credentials were present, or only public facing code was included. * Medium(4.0-6.9): Credentials with limited repository access and/or short lifespan (e.g., ephemeral tokens) were exposed, or non-sensitive private code was disclosed. * High/critical (7.0-10.0): Long-lived tokens, organization-wide credentials, or credentials with administrative privileges were exposed, potentially enabling full repository compromise, secret extraction, code tampering, or the complete leak of private repository source code.

As such, each downstream consumer should independently assess their exposure by reviewing packaged artifacts for the presence of .git directories or other credentials, and evaluating both the sensitivity of any credentials found and the confidentiality of any included source code.

Consequences may include: - Unauthorized access to git repositories via exposed PATs. - Tampering with repository code or metadata. - Malicious CI behavior (triggering workflows, reading secrets). - Disclosure of commit history, remote origins, or other sensitive internal structure.

Recommendation

This issue should be considered severe due to the potential exposure of sensitive tokens and repository metadata. Although most workflows that use steam-workshop-deploy also employ actions/checkout, which handles tokens and credentials more securely, there are legitimate use cases where actions/checkout is not used or where custom .git folders exist. Additionally, actions/checkout can accept a on-emphemeral tokens as a parameter for its workflow. In such cases, long-lived or sensitive credentials may be packaged and exposed, greatly increasing the risk of unauthorized access and repository compromise. Therefore, this issue should be considered severe regardless of common usage patterns.

Downstream: - Downstream components should revoke any credentials or PATs associated with workflows or repositories that use this github action

This Deployment Action

  • [x] The action should exclude .git/ and other common sensitive file(s) by default from all packaging operations.
  • [x] A deployignore or similar mechanism should be introduced to give users finer control of what files or directories are included for deployed artifacts
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "GitHub Actions",
        "name": "m00nl1ght-dev/steam-workshop-deploy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "GitHub Actions",
        "name": "BoldestDungeon/steam-workshop-deploy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-212",
      "CWE-522",
      "CWE-527"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-13T23:03:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nThe `steam-workshop-deploy` github action does not exclude the `.git` directory when packaging content for deployment and provides no built-in way to do so. If a `.git` folder exists in the target directory (e.g., due to a local Git repo, custom project structure, or via  the `actions/checkout` workflow), it is silently included in the output package. This results in leakage of sensitive repository metadata and potentially credentials, including github personal access tokens (PATs) embedded in `.git/config`.\n\nMany game modding projects require packaging from the project root as the game expects certain files (assets, configuration, metadata) to be present at specific root-level paths. Consequently, the `.git` directory often exists alongside these required files and gets packaged unintentionally, especially when using `actions/checkout`.\n\nWhile github hosted runners automatically revoke ephemeral credentials at the end of each job, the severity of this issue increases dramatically in other CI environments:\n\n- Self-hosted runners may store long-lived tokens or secrets.\n- Developers may maintain their own `.git` folders with embedded PATs or remotes tied to private repositories.\n- The workflow may run without the `actions/checkout` action, distributing the `.git` directory present on the running machine if it exists in the directory.\n\nA real example of an affected mod can be found here: https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/wildermyth-drauven-pcs/security/advisories/GHSA-7j9v-72w9-ww6w\n\n## Details\nWho is affected:\n- Any user of `steam-workshop-deploy` operating in an environment where `.git` exists in the packaging directory.\n- Any user of `steam-workshop-deploy` operating in an environment where the [actions/checkout](https://github.com/actions/checkout) workflow is used and then the `.git` directory is inadvertently generated within the packaging directory (greatly reduced severity due to the ephemeral nature of github actions).\n\n## Impact\nThe severity of this issue for downstream components can range from **0.0** (no credentials, sensitive metadata, or private source code were present in the packaging directory) to **10.0** (extremely sensitive, high privilige credentials or source code from private repositories were exposed).\n\nThe actual severity depends primarily on the permissions, scope, and nature of the exposed data:\n* **Low/none (0.0-3.9)**: Only non-sensitive repository metadata was exposed, no credentials were present, or only public facing code was included.\n* **Medium(4.0-6.9)**: Credentials with limited repository access and/or short lifespan (e.g., ephemeral tokens) were exposed, or non-sensitive private code was disclosed.\n* **High/critical (7.0-10.0)**: Long-lived tokens, organization-wide credentials, or credentials with administrative privileges were exposed, potentially enabling full repository compromise, secret extraction, code tampering, or the complete leak of private repository source code.\n\nAs such, each downstream consumer should independently assess their exposure by reviewing packaged artifacts for the presence of `.git` directories or other credentials, and evaluating both the sensitivity of any credentials found and the confidentiality of any included source code.\n\nConsequences may include:\n  - Unauthorized access to git repositories via exposed PATs.\n  - Tampering with repository code or metadata.\n  - Malicious CI behavior (triggering workflows, reading secrets).\n  - Disclosure of commit history, remote origins, or other sensitive internal structure.\n\n## Recommendation\nThis issue should be considered **severe** due to the potential exposure of sensitive tokens and repository metadata. Although most workflows that use `steam-workshop-deploy` also employ `actions/checkout`, which handles tokens and credentials more securely, there are legitimate use cases where `actions/checkout` is not used or where custom `.git` folders exist. Additionally, `actions/checkout` can accept a on-emphemeral tokens as a parameter for its workflow. In such cases, long-lived or sensitive credentials may be packaged and exposed, greatly increasing the risk of unauthorized access and repository compromise.  Therefore, this issue should be considered severe regardless of common usage patterns.\n\n**Downstream:**\n- Downstream components should revoke any credentials or PATs associated with workflows or repositories that use this github action\n\n**This Deployment Action**\n\n- [x] The action should exclude `.git/` and other common sensitive file(s) by default from all packaging operations.\n- [x] A `deployignore` or similar mechanism should be introduced to give users finer control of what files or directories are included for deployed artifacts",
  "id": "GHSA-x6gv-2rvh-qmp6",
  "modified": "2025-10-27T16:22:57Z",
  "published": "2025-08-13T23:03:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/steam-workshop-deploy/security/advisories/GHSA-x6gv-2rvh-qmp6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/steam-workshop-deploy/commit/0ba85729da32108e1cc498d1b3d6760857b5c04d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/m00nl1ght-dev/steam-workshop-deploy/commit/913f0844e2153d798189397036918f4ceb0911e0"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/steam-workshop-deploy"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BoldestDungeon/steam-workshop-deploy/releases/tag/V2.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/m00nl1ght-dev/steam-workshop-deploy/releases/tag/v4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "m00nl1ght-dev/steam-workshop-deploy: Exposure of Version-Control Repository to an Unauthorized Control Sphere and Insufficiently Protected Credentials"
}

Mitigation
Operation Distribution System Configuration

Recommendations include removing any CVS directories and repositories from the production server, disabling the use of remote CVS repositories, and ensuring that the latest CVS patches and version updates have been performed.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.