CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2307 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5FFC-RJC7-75XF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:01OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server of ForgeRock Access Management (OpenAM) 13.5.0-13.5.1 and Access Management (AM) 5.0.0-5.1.1 does not correctly validate redirect_uri for some invalid requests, which allows attackers to perform phishing via an unvalidated redirect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14394"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-19T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server of ForgeRock Access Management (OpenAM) 13.5.0-13.5.1 and Access Management (AM) 5.0.0-5.1.1 does not correctly validate redirect_uri for some invalid requests, which allows attackers to perform phishing via an unvalidated redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-5ffc-rjc7-75xf",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:01:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://backstage.forgerock.com/knowledge/kb/article/a45958025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FM7-X255-7994
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-17 09:31 – Updated: 2024-09-17 09:31The Share This Image plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Open Redirect in all versions up to, and including, 2.03. This is due to insufficient validation on the redirect url supplied via the link parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to redirect users to potentially malicious sites if they can successfully trick them into performing an action.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8761"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-17T09:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Share This Image plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Open Redirect in all versions up to, and including, 2.03. This is due to insufficient validation on the redirect url supplied via the link parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to redirect users to potentially malicious sites if they can successfully trick them into performing an action.",
"id": "GHSA-5fm7-x255-7994",
"modified": "2024-09-17T09:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-09-17T09:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8761"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/share-this-image/tags/2.03/assets/js/sti.js#L693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/share-this-image/tags/2.03/includes/class-sti-shortlink.php#L64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/share-this-image/tags/2.03/includes/class-sti-shortlink.php#L74"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3152564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/share-this-image/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1e72d5c7-c601-4775-a825-4786bbd1b5f0?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FMF-V8W4-327V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02Smartstore (aka SmartStoreNET) before 4.1.0 allows CommonController.ClearCache, ClearDatabaseCache, RestartApplication, and ScheduleTaskController.Edit open redirect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36365"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-19T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Smartstore (aka SmartStoreNET) before 4.1.0 allows CommonController.ClearCache, ClearDatabaseCache, RestartApplication, and ScheduleTaskController.Edit open redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-5fmf-v8w4-327v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/smartstore/SmartStoreNET/issues/2113"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5FMG-X3VM-CM8V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:09 – Updated: 2023-05-01 00:30A flaw was found in mod_auth_openidc before version 2.4.1. An open redirect issue exists in URLs with a slash and backslash at the beginning.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-20479"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-02-20T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in mod_auth_openidc before version 2.4.1. An open redirect issue exists in URLs with a slash and backslash at the beginning.",
"id": "GHSA-5fmg-x3vm-cm8v",
"modified": "2023-05-01T00:30:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:09:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20479"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zmartzone/mod_auth_openidc/pull/453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zmartzone/mod_auth_openidc/commit/02431c0adfa30f478cf2eb20ed6ea51fdf446be7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/02/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/04/msg00034.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/27XJYAEONKJDESNE7WVZF5D2Z2OBY5JK"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NGXONXPWTX7DV62TIUIUVOZF4KQ6SIJE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00036.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FVX-5P2R-4MVP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-21 17:48 – Updated: 2021-10-25 20:08firefly-iii is vulnerable to URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "grumpydictator/firefly-iii"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.6.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3851"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-20T16:06:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-19T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "firefly-iii is vulnerable to URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ",
"id": "GHSA-5fvx-5p2r-4mvp",
"modified": "2021-10-25T20:08:26Z",
"published": "2021-10-21T17:48:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3851"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/firefly-iii/firefly-iii/commit/8662dfa4c0f71efef61c31dc015c6f723db8318d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/firefly-iii/firefly-iii"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/549a1040-9b5e-420b-9b80-20700dd9d592"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open Redirect in firefly-iii"
}
GHSA-5FWQ-9X7J-2QPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-05 21:18 – Updated: 2024-08-05 21:18lorawan-stack is an open source LoRaWAN network server. Prior to version 3.24.1, an open redirect exists on the login page of the lorawan stack server, allowing an attacker to supply a user controlled redirect upon sign in. This issue may allows malicious actors to phish users, as users assume they were redirected to the homepage on login. Version 3.24.1 contains a fix.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "go.thethings.network/lorawan-stack/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.24.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26494"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-05T21:18:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-24T17:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "lorawan-stack is an open source LoRaWAN network server. Prior to version 3.24.1, an open redirect exists on the login page of the lorawan stack server, allowing an attacker to supply a user controlled redirect upon sign in. This issue may allows malicious actors to phish users, as users assume they were redirected to the homepage on login. Version 3.24.1 contains a fix.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-5fwq-9x7j-2qpg",
"modified": "2024-08-05T21:18:59Z",
"published": "2024-08-05T21:18:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26494"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/lorawan-stack/commit/f06776028bdb3994847fc6067613dc61a2b3559e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/lorawan-stack"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/lorawan-stack/blob/ecdef730f176c02f7c9afce98b0457ae64de5bfc/pkg/webui/account/views/login/index.js#L90-L90"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/lorawan-stack/blob/ecdef730f176c02f7c9afce98b0457ae64de5bfc/pkg/webui/account/views/token-login/index.js#L74-L74"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/lorawan-stack/releases/tag/v3.24.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2022-138_lorawan-stack"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "lorawan-stack Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-5GG9-R5RQ-VRHR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 01:59 – Updated: 2025-04-03 04:14The XMLHttpRequest object in Opera 8.0 Final Build 1095 allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions and perform unauthorized actions on other domains via a redirect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2005-1475"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2005-06-16T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The XMLHttpRequest object in Opera 8.0 Final Build 1095 allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions and perform unauthorized actions on other domains via a redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-5gg9-r5rq-vrhr",
"modified": "2025-04-03T04:14:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T01:59:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2005-1475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/15008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2005-4/advisory"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/13970"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5GX5-PFQ3-G683
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:40 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:40Open redirect vulnerability in IBM FileNet Workplace 4.0.2 before 4.0.2.14 allows remote authenticated users to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5878"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-08-08T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in IBM FileNet Workplace 4.0.2 before 4.0.2.14 allows remote authenticated users to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-5gx5-pfq3-g683",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:40:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:40:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21987721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92279"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5GXW-C6CG-7XRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-28 00:34 – Updated: 2023-04-03 18:32The BatteryHealthActivity has a redirection vulnerability. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability by a malicious app can cause service exceptions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48358"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-27T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The BatteryHealthActivity has a redirection vulnerability. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability by a malicious app can cause service exceptions.",
"id": "GHSA-5gxw-c6cg-7xrx",
"modified": "2023-04-03T18:32:09Z",
"published": "2023-03-28T00:34:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48358"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2023/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202303-0000001529824505"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5H2J-25XJ-VGGW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-29 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:58An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 8.15 before 16.2.8, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.5, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.1. It was possible to hijack some links and buttons on the GitLab UI to a malicious page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3922"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601",
"CWE-74"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-29T08:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 8.15 before 16.2.8, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.5, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.1. It was possible to hijack some links and buttons on the GitLab UI to a malicious page.",
"id": "GHSA-5h2j-25xj-vggw",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:58:19Z",
"published": "2023-09-29T09:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3922"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1887323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/394770"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.