Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-685

Weakness Allowed

Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product calls a function, procedure, or routine, but the caller specifies too many arguments, or too few arguments, which may lead to undefined behavior and resultant weaknesses.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-628 · View CWE-1000
Modes of introduction
Implementation

This problem typically occurs when the programmer makes a typo, or copy and paste errors.

Detection methods

Other

While this weakness might be caught by the compiler in some languages, it can occur more frequently in cases in which the called function accepts variable numbers of arguments, such as format strings in C. It also can occur in languages or environments that do not require that functions always be called with the correct number of arguments, such as Perl.

Content history
Submission: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-04-11 · CWE Draft 9
Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Relationships, Other_Notes, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-10-29 · CWE 1.6

updated Modes_of_Introduction, Other_Notes, Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-02-16 · CWE 1.8

updated Detection_Factors

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-27 · CWE 2.0

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-10-30 · CWE 2.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-01-03 · CWE 3.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Description, Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

2 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-18458 (GCVE-0-2026-18458)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 17:50 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:48
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.
Summary
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6, from 6.1.2.21 before 6.1.*.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 18:48 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-685 - Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments
  • CWE-843 - Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')
Assigner
RTI CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 19 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RTI Connext Professional Affected: 7.4.0 , < 7.7.0.1 (custom)
Affected: 7.3.0 , < 7.3.1.6 (custom)
Affected: 6.1.2.21 , < 6.1.* (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-15 17:47
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-18458",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-22T18:48:21.717194Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:48:29.246Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "Core Libraries"
          ],
          "packageName": "connext_professional",
          "packageURL": "pkg:generic/connext_professional",
          "product": "Connext Professional",
          "vendor": "RTI",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "7.7.0.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.4.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7.3.1.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.1.*",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.1.2.21",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.7.0.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "7.4.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3.1.6",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "7.3.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.2.21",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negated": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-15T17:47:50.129Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6, from 6.1.2.21 before 6.1.*.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6, from 6.1.2.21 before 6.1.*."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-540",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-540 Overread Buffers"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Security Extensions Enabled"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-125",
              "description": "CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-685",
              "description": "CWE-685 Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-843",
              "description": "CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T17:50:17.977Z",
        "orgId": "3f572a00-62e2-4423-959a-7ea25eff1638",
        "shortName": "RTI"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.rti.com/vulnerabilities/#cve-2026-18458"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "RTI Lubna 1.18.7"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "3f572a00-62e2-4423-959a-7ea25eff1638",
    "assignerShortName": "RTI",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-18458",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-22T17:50:17.977Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-31T07:29:34.430Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:48:29.246Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-11389 (GCVE-0-2026-11389)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 17:50 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:49
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.
Summary
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 18:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-685 - Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments
  • CWE-843 - Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')
Assigner
RTI CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 19 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RTI Connext Professional Affected: 7.4.0 , < 7.7.0.1 (custom)
Affected: 7.3.0 , < 7.3.1.6 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-15 17:47
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-11389",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-22T18:49:09.272083Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:49:15.593Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "Core Libraries"
          ],
          "packageName": "connext_professional",
          "packageURL": "pkg:generic/connext_professional",
          "product": "Connext Professional",
          "vendor": "RTI",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "7.7.0.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.4.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7.3.1.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.7.0.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "7.4.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rti:connext_professional:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3.1.6",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "7.3.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negated": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-15T17:47:56.507Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.3.0 before 7.3.1.6."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-540",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-540 Overread Buffers"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Security Extensions Enabled"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-125",
              "description": "CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-685",
              "description": "CWE-685 Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-843",
              "description": "CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T17:50:16.392Z",
        "orgId": "3f572a00-62e2-4423-959a-7ea25eff1638",
        "shortName": "RTI"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.rti.com/vulnerabilities/#cve-2026-11389"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027) vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "RTI Lubna 1.18.7"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "3f572a00-62e2-4423-959a-7ea25eff1638",
    "assignerShortName": "RTI",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-11389",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-22T17:50:16.392Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-05T15:43:42.378Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:49:15.593Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Testing

Because this function call often produces incorrect behavior it will usually be detected during testing or normal operation of the product. During testing exercise all possible control paths will typically expose this weakness except in rare cases when the incorrect function call accidentally produces the correct results or if the provided argument type is very similar to the expected argument type.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

← Back to the CWE list