CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8RQC-WX6Q-M4QC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2024-03-30 03:30A flaw was found in Cockpit. Deleting a sosreport with a crafted name via the Cockpit web interface can lead to a command injection vulnerability, resulting in privilege escalation. This issue affects Cockpit versions 270 and newer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2947"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-28T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Cockpit. Deleting a sosreport with a crafted name via the Cockpit web interface can lead to a command injection vulnerability, resulting in privilege escalation. This issue affects Cockpit versions 270 and newer.",
"id": "GHSA-8rqc-wx6q-m4qc",
"modified": "2024-03-30T03:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-03-28T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-2947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2271614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PIQY2HGDJW2JY27ALTS4GEVZZJJ4XQ36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RX9-J5HQ-FX8V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30A vulnerability in the REST API of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack and elevate privileges to root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation for specific API endpoints. An attacker in a man-in-the-middle position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting and modifying specific internode communications from one ISE persona to another ISE persona. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker would need to decrypt HTTPS traffic between two ISE personas that are located on separate nodes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1594"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-266",
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-06T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the REST API of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack and elevate privileges to root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation for specific API endpoints. An attacker in a man-in-the-middle position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting and modifying specific internode communications from one ISE persona to another ISE persona. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker would need to decrypt HTTPS traffic between two ISE personas that are located on separate nodes.",
"id": "GHSA-8rx9-j5hq-fx8v",
"modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1594"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ise-priv-esc-UwqPrBM3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8V2R-MV47-WXFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-13 00:34 – Updated: 2026-06-13 00:34OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a command injection vulnerability where shell wrapper argv could change between approval and execution. Attackers can rebuild command arguments after allowlist approval to execute unapproved command shapes, potentially bypassing security controls.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53822"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-367",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T22:16:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a command injection vulnerability where shell wrapper argv could change between approval and execution. Attackers can rebuild command arguments after allowlist approval to execute unapproved command shapes, potentially bypassing security controls.",
"id": "GHSA-8v2r-mv47-wxfr",
"modified": "2026-06-13T00:34:31Z",
"published": "2026-06-13T00:34:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-2j8v-hwgc-x698"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53822"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-command-argument-modification-via-shell-wrapper-between-approval-and-execution"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-8V33-RPPQ-PCR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-30 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-03 00:00Seiko SkyBridge MB-A200 v01.00.04 and below was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the Ping parameter at ping_exec.cgi.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36559"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-29T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Seiko SkyBridge MB-A200 v01.00.04 and below was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the Ping parameter at ping_exec.cgi.",
"id": "GHSA-8v33-rppq-pcr5",
"modified": "2022-09-03T00:00:17Z",
"published": "2022-08-30T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Nwqda/0db1fc6cfa39d7f0592d44e18c40146e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/products/skybridge/lineup/mb-a200"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VR8-MRH4-728W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-16 06:30 – Updated: 2024-12-16 18:31An issue was discovered in Logpoint before 7.5.0. Authenticated users can inject payloads while querying Search Template Dashboard. These are executed, leading to Server-Side Template Injection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-16T06:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Logpoint before 7.5.0. Authenticated users can inject payloads while querying Search Template Dashboard. These are executed, leading to Server-Side Template Injection.",
"id": "GHSA-8vr8-mrh4-728w",
"modified": "2024-12-16T18:31:08Z",
"published": "2024-12-16T06:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://servicedesk.logpoint.com/hc/en-us/articles/22137697881885-Server-Side-Template-Injection-SSTI-in-Search-Template-Dashboard-Queries"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VV5-QVX6-MQW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-15 12:31 – Updated: 2024-11-15 12:31Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('Command Injection') vulnerability in Task Manager component in Synology BeePhotos before 1.0.2-10026 and 1.1.0-10053 and Synology Photos before 1.6.2-0720 and 1.7.0-0795 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10443"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-15T11:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027) vulnerability in Task Manager component in Synology BeePhotos before 1.0.2-10026 and 1.1.0-10053 and Synology Photos before 1.6.2-0720 and 1.7.0-0795 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-8vv5-qvx6-mqw7",
"modified": "2024-11-15T12:31:45Z",
"published": "2024-11-15T12:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_24_18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_24_19"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VW3-VXMJ-H43W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-27 06:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 15:52All versions of the package bwm-ng are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper input sanitization in the 'check' function in the bwm-ng.js file.
Note:
To execute the code snippet and potentially exploit the vulnerability, the attacker needs to have the ability to run Node.js code within the target environment. This typically requires some level of access to the system or application hosting the Node.js environment.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "bwm-ng"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26129"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-05-30T20:07:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-27T05:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "All versions of the package bwm-ng are vulnerable to Command Injection due to improper input sanitization in the \u0027check\u0027 function in the bwm-ng.js file. \n\n**Note:**\n\nTo execute the code snippet and potentially exploit the vulnerability, the attacker needs to have the ability to run Node.js code within the target environment. This typically requires some level of access to the system or application hosting the Node.js environment.",
"id": "GHSA-8vw3-vxmj-h43w",
"modified": "2025-01-14T15:52:14Z",
"published": "2023-05-27T06:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26129"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-BWMNG-3175876"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "bwm-ng vulnerable to command injection"
}
GHSA-8VX8-R5J3-F2VF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 15:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32Aria Operations for Networks contains a command injection vulnerability. A malicious actor with network access to VMware Aria Operations for Networks may be able to perform a command injection attack resulting in remote code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20887"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Aria Operations for Networks contains a command injection vulnerability. A malicious actor with network access to VMware Aria Operations for Networks may be able to perform a command injection attack resulting in remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-8vx8-r5j3-f2vf",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:44Z",
"published": "2023-06-07T15:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-20887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2023-0012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173761/VMWare-Aria-Operations-For-Networks-Remote-Command-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VXM-RJVX-9V3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-13 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 21:31Microchip Technology (Microsemi) SyncServer S650 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40022"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-13T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Microchip Technology (Microsemi) SyncServer S650 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-8vxm-rjvx-9v3r",
"modified": "2025-03-21T21:31:31Z",
"published": "2023-02-13T15:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.microsemi.com/campaigns/network-time-servers/S650p/%3Fgd%3D1\u0026id=5\u0026gclid=Cj0KCQjwjbyYBhCdARIsAArC6LL-202ej5YfDB5lMIMSZ2735qjo5yaj2i-PrvLv2Cnh_kIJtFJ0oF8aAlMpEALw_wcB"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.microsemi.com/campaigns/network-time-servers/syncserver-s600/?url="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.microsemi.com/document-portal/doc_download/135737-datasheet-syncserver-s650"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securifera.com/advisories/CVE-2022-40022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172907/Symmetricom-SyncServer-Unauthenticated-Remote-Command-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8W2C-GJP9-MHG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A8000RU 7.1cu.643_b20200521. This vulnerability affects the function setWiFiAdvancedCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument bgProtection results in os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9432"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-25T07:16:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A8000RU 7.1cu.643_b20200521. This vulnerability affects the function setWiFiAdvancedCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument bgProtection results in os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-8w2c-gjp9-mhg6",
"modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:40Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Litengzheng/vuldb_new2/blob/main/A8000RU/vul_353/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/813905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365413"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365413/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.