Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-HC53-FHQF-5R3C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-03 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:01
VLAI
Details

Netis N3Mv2-V1.0.1.865 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the Changing Username and Password function. This vulnerability is exploited via a crafted payload.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-43891"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-02T22:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Netis N3Mv2-V1.0.1.865 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the Changing Username and Password function. This vulnerability is exploited via a crafted payload.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc53-fhqf-5r3c",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:01:17Z",
  "published": "2023-10-03T00:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43891"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/adhikara13/CVE/blob/main/netis_N3/command%20injection%20in%20changing%20password%20feature.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HC6M-P69C-Q242

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-18 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:32
VLAI
Details

WBCE CMS 1.5.3 has a command execution vulnerability via admin/languages/install.php.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-29855"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-18T18:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "WBCE CMS 1.5.3 has a command execution vulnerability via admin/languages/install.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc6m-p69c-q242",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:32:15Z",
  "published": "2023-04-18T18:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29855"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/WBCE/WBCE_CMS/issues/544"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HC6P-5PR7-XVV5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-02-21 21:32
VLAI
Details

Totolink X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 is vulnerable to command injection via the vif_disable function in mtkwifi.lua.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25604"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-21T19:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Totolink X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 is vulnerable to command injection via the vif_disable function in mtkwifi.lua.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc6p-5pr7-xvv5",
  "modified": "2025-02-21T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-02-21T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sezangel/IOT-vul/tree/main/Totolink/X5000R/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HC8F-M8G5-8362

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-30 17:44 – Updated: 2026-06-09 11:04
VLAI
Summary
File Browser: Command Execution not Limited to Scope
Details

[!NOTE] This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We're publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.

For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.

Summary

In the web application, all users have a scope assigned, and they only have access to the files within that scope. The Command Execution feature of Filebrowser allows the execution of shell commands which are not restricted to the scope, potentially giving an attacker read and write access to all files managed by the server.

Impact

Shell commands are executed with the uid of the server process without any further restrictions. This means, that they will have access to at least

  • all files managed by the application from all scopes, even those the user does not have access to in the GUI.
  • the Filebrowser database file containing the password hashes of all accounts.

The concrete impact depends on the commands being granted to the attacker, but due to other vulnerabilities identified ("Bypass Command Execution Allowlist", "Shell Commands Can Spawn Other Commands", "Insecure File Permissions") it is likely, that full read- and write-access will exist.

Read access to the database means, that the attacker is capable of extracting all user password hashes. This enables an offline dictionary attack on the passwords of all accounts, though the choice of the password hash function (bcrypt with a complexity of 10) gives a strong protection against such attacks. Write access to the database means that attackers are capable of changing a user's password hash, allowing them to impersonate any user account, including an administrator.

Vulnerability Description

Shell commands executed by a user are created as a simple subprocess of the application without any further restrictions. That means, that they have full access to files accessible by the application. The scope that is assigned to every account is not considered.

As a prerequisite, an attacker needs an account with the Execute Commands permission and some permitted commands.

Proof of Concept

Any exploit highly depends on the commands granted to the attacker. The following screenshot shows, how all password hashes can be extracted using only the grep command:

image

Recommended Countermeasures

Until this issue is fixed, we recommend to completely disable Execute commands for all accounts. Since the command execution is an inherently dangerous feature that is not used by all deployments, it should be possible to completely disable it in the application's configuration. As a defense-in-depth measure, organizations not requiring command execution should operate the Filebrowser from a distroless container image.

There are two approaches to fixing this issue:

  1. Limiting the process when it is started e.g., by using user namespaces with a tool like Bubblewrap. If this path is chosen, it is important to use a method that works both on a bare-metal server and within an unprivileged container.
  2. Re-architecting the command execution feature so that file in the various scopes have a distinct uid as an owner and all shell command are executed under the uid of the user's scope.

Timeline

  • 2025-03-26 Identified the vulnerability in version 2.32.0
  • 2025-04-11 Contacted the project
  • 2025-04-18 Vulnerability disclosed to the project
  • 2025-06-25 Uploaded advisories to the project's GitHub repository
  • 2025-06-25 CVE ID assigned by GitHub
  • 2025-06-25 A patch version has been pushed to disable the feature for all existent installations, and making it opt-in. A warning has been added to the documentation and is printed on the console if the feature is enabled. Due to the project being in maintenance-only mode, the bug has not been fixed. Fix is tracked on https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.

References

Credits

Severity
8.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.33.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-52904"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-30T17:44:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-26T19:15:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e **This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations**. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We\u0027re publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.\n\u003e\n\u003e For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.\n\n## Summary ##\n\nIn the web application, all users have a *scope* assigned, and they only have access to the files within that *scope*.\nThe *Command Execution* feature of Filebrowser allows the execution of shell commands which are not restricted to the scope, potentially giving an attacker read and write access to all files managed by the server.\n\n## Impact ##\n\nShell commands are executed with the *uid* of the server process without any further restrictions.\nThis means, that they will have access to at least\n\n* all files managed by the application from all *scopes*, even those the user does not have access to in the GUI.\n* the Filebrowser database file containing the password hashes of all accounts.\n\nThe concrete impact depends on the commands being granted to the attacker, but due to other vulnerabilities identified (\"Bypass Command Execution Allowlist\", \"Shell Commands Can Spawn Other Commands\", \"Insecure File Permissions\") it is likely, that full read- and write-access will exist.\n\nRead access to the database means, that the attacker is capable of extracting all user password hashes.\nThis enables an offline dictionary attack on the passwords of all accounts, though the choice of the password hash function (*bcrypt* with a complexity of 10) gives a strong protection against such attacks.\nWrite access to the database means that attackers are capable of changing a user\u0027s password hash, allowing them to impersonate any user account, including an administrator.\n\n## Vulnerability Description ##\n\nShell commands executed by a user are created as a simple subprocess of the application without any further restrictions.\nThat means, that they have full access to files accessible by the application.\nThe *scope* that is assigned to every account is not considered.\n\nAs a prerequisite, an attacker needs an account with the `Execute Commands` permission and some permitted commands.\n\n## Proof of Concept ##\n\nAny exploit highly depends on the commands granted to the attacker.\nThe following screenshot shows, how all password hashes can be extracted using only the `grep` command:\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a6fb98e0-2daa-4e10-8480-7963b3d9b214)\n\n## Recommended Countermeasures ##\n\nUntil this issue is fixed, we recommend to completely disable `Execute commands` for all accounts.\nSince the command execution is an inherently dangerous feature that is not used by all deployments, it should be possible to completely disable it in the application\u0027s configuration.\nAs a defense-in-depth measure, organizations not requiring command execution should operate the Filebrowser from a *distroless* container image.\n\nThere are two approaches to fixing this issue:\n\n1. Limiting the process when it is started e.g., by using *user namespaces* with a tool like *Bubblewrap*. If this path is chosen, it is important to use a method that works both on a bare-metal server and within an unprivileged container.\n2. Re-architecting the command execution feature so that file in the various *scopes* have a distinct *uid* as an owner and all shell command are executed under the *uid* of the user\u0027s *scope*.\n\n## Timeline ##\n\n* `2025-03-26` Identified the vulnerability in version 2.32.0\n* `2025-04-11` Contacted the project\n* `2025-04-18` Vulnerability disclosed to the project\n* `2025-06-25` Uploaded advisories to the project\u0027s GitHub repository\n* `2025-06-25` CVE ID assigned by GitHub\n* `2025-06-25` A patch version has been pushed to disable the feature for all existent installations, and making it **opt-in**. A warning has been added to the documentation and is printed on the console if the feature is enabled. Due to the project being in maintenance-only mode, the bug has not been fixed. Fix is tracked on https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.\n\n## References ##\n\n* [Sandboxing Applications with Bubblewrap: Securing a Basic Shell](https://sloonz.github.io/posts/sandboxing-1/)\n* [\"Distroless\" Container Images.](https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless)\n* [Original Advisory](https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/public/2025/SBA-ADV-20250326-01_Filebrowser_Command_Execution_Not_Limited_To_Scope)\n\n## Credits ##\n\n* Mathias Tausig ([SBA Research](https://www.sba-research.org/))",
  "id": "GHSA-hc8f-m8g5-8362",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T11:04:16Z",
  "published": "2025-06-30T17:44:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/security/advisories/GHSA-hc8f-m8g5-8362"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/public/2025/SBA-ADV-20250326-01_Filebrowser_Command_Execution_Not_Limited_To_Scope"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3793"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sloonz.github.io/posts/sandboxing-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "File Browser: Command Execution not Limited to Scope"
}

GHSA-HC96-PMX9-JCJ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

In network service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.

Severity
6.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39082"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-276",
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In network service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc96-pmx9-jcj6",
  "modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:27Z",
  "published": "2023-01-04T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HCH6-3CQ4-HJHM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-23 18:32
VLAI
Details

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability in Enphase IQ Gateway (formerly known as Envoy) allows OS Command Injection. This vulnerability is present in an internal script.This issue affects Envoy: from 4.x up to and including 8.x and is currently unpatched.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/S:P/AU:Y/R:I/V:C/RE:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-21878"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T13:38:15Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027) vulnerability in Enphase IQ Gateway (formerly known as Envoy) allows OS Command Injection. This vulnerability is present in an internal script.This issue affects Envoy: from 4.x up to and including 8.x and is currently unpatched.",
  "id": "GHSA-hch6-3cq4-hjhm",
  "modified": "2024-08-23T18:32:59Z",
  "published": "2024-08-12T15:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21878"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2024-21878"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2024-00011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://enphase.com/cybersecurity/advisories/ensa-2024-3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:P/AU:Y/R:I/V:C/RE:H/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HCHH-WRF4-GC5C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-27 21:31 – Updated: 2024-08-27 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20240814. Affected by this vulnerability is the function cgi_FMT_Std2R5_2nd_DiskMGR of the file /cgi-bin/hd_config.cgi. The manipulation of the argument f_source_dev leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. NOTE: Vendor was contacted early and confirmed that the product is end-of-life. It should be retired and replaced.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8214"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-27T20:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20240814. Affected by this vulnerability is the function cgi_FMT_Std2R5_2nd_DiskMGR of the file /cgi-bin/hd_config.cgi. The manipulation of the argument f_source_dev leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. NOTE: Vendor was contacted early and confirmed that the product is end-of-life. It should be retired and replaced.",
  "id": "GHSA-hchh-wrf4-gc5c",
  "modified": "2024-08-27T21:31:15Z",
  "published": "2024-08-27T21:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8214"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BuaaIOTTeam/Iot_Dlink_NAS/blob/main/DNS_cgi_FMT_Std2R5_2nd_DiskMGR.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10383"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.275923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.275923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.397278"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dlink.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HCJF-RP5H-G5H3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2024-10-23 18:32
VLAI
Summary
Command Injection in SaltStack Salt
Details

In SaltStack Salt 2016.9 through 3002.6, a command injection vulnerability exists in the snapper module that allows for local privilege escalation on a minion. The attack requires that a file is created with a pathname that is backed up by snapper, and that the master calls the snapper.diff function (which executes popen unsafely).

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3002.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "salt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2016.11.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3003rc1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31607"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-23T06:37:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-23T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In SaltStack Salt 2016.9 through 3002.6, a command injection vulnerability exists in the snapper module that allows for local privilege escalation on a minion. The attack requires that a file is created with a pathname that is backed up by snapper, and that the master calls the snapper.diff function (which executes popen unsafely).",
  "id": "GHSA-hcjf-rp5h-g5h3",
  "modified": "2024-10-23T18:32:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:48:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31607"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/salt/PYSEC-2021-56.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/11/msg00009.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6BUWUF5VTENNP2ZYZBVFKPSUHLKLUBD5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ACVT7M4YLZRLWWQ6SGRK3C6TOF4FXOXT"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LDKMAJXYFHM4USVX3H5V2GCCBGASWUSM"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MBAHHSGZLEJRCG4DX6J4RBWJAAWH55RQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6BUWUF5VTENNP2ZYZBVFKPSUHLKLUBD5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ACVT7M4YLZRLWWQ6SGRK3C6TOF4FXOXT"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LDKMAJXYFHM4USVX3H5V2GCCBGASWUSM"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MBAHHSGZLEJRCG4DX6J4RBWJAAWH55RQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec.stealthcopter.com/saltstack-snapper-minion-privledge-escaltion"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202310-22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5011"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Command Injection in SaltStack Salt"
}

GHSA-HCMC-J263-7QW5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-30 03:30 – Updated: 2024-07-30 03:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK LR350 9.3.5u.6369_B20220309 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWanCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument hostName leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-272785 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7214"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-30T03:15:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK LR350 9.3.5u.6369_B20220309 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWanCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument hostName leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-272785 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-hcmc-j263-7qw5",
  "modified": "2024-07-30T03:30:53Z",
  "published": "2024-07-30T03:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7214"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/TOTOLINK/LR350/setWanCfg.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.272785"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.272785"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.378319"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HCPP-RJWP-9WPX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System (FXOS) and NX-OS System Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform a command injection attack. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of command arguments to the CLI parser. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting crafted command arguments into a vulnerable CLI command. An exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands at the user's privilege level. On products that support multiple virtual device contexts (VDCs), this vulnerability could allow the attacker to execute commands at the user's privilege level outside the user's environment. This vulnerability affects the following products running Cisco FXOS or NX-OS System Software: Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewall, Firepower 9300 Security Appliance, Multilayer Director Switches, Nexus 1000V Series Switches, Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5000 Series Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules, Unified Computing System Manager. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCve51700, CSCve93833, CSCve93860, CSCve93863, CSCve93864, CSCve93880.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-11-30T09:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System (FXOS) and NX-OS System Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform a command injection attack. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of command arguments to the CLI parser. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting crafted command arguments into a vulnerable CLI command. An exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands at the user\u0027s privilege level. On products that support multiple virtual device contexts (VDCs), this vulnerability could allow the attacker to execute commands at the user\u0027s privilege level outside the user\u0027s environment. This vulnerability affects the following products running Cisco FXOS or NX-OS System Software: Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewall, Firepower 9300 Security Appliance, Multilayer Director Switches, Nexus 1000V Series Switches, Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5000 Series Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules, Unified Computing System Manager. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCve51700, CSCve93833, CSCve93860, CSCve93863, CSCve93864, CSCve93880.",
  "id": "GHSA-hcpp-rjwp-9wpx",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:37:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20171129-fxnx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102015"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039928"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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