Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-79

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.

68496 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-45836 (GCVE-0-2024-45836)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-26 04:07 – Updated: 2025-03-25 16:28
VLAI
Summary
Cross-site scripting vulnerability exists in the web management page of PLANEX COMMUNICATIONS network cameras. If a logged-in user accesses a specific file, an arbitrary script may be executed on the web browser of the user.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-26 13:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Cross-site scripting (XSS)
References
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45812 (GCVE-0-2024-45812)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-17 20:08 – Updated: 2024-09-18 13:59
VLAI
Title
DOM Clobbering gadget found in vite bundled scripts that leads to XSS in Vite
Summary
Vite a frontend build tooling framework for javascript. Affected versions of vite were discovered to contain a DOM Clobbering vulnerability when building scripts to `cjs`/`iife`/`umd` output format. The DOM Clobbering gadget in the module can lead to cross-site scripting (XSS) in web pages where scriptless attacker-controlled HTML elements (e.g., an img tag with an unsanitized name attribute) are present. DOM Clobbering is a type of code-reuse attack where the attacker first embeds a piece of non-script, seemingly benign HTML markups in the webpage (e.g. through a post or comment) and leverages the gadgets (pieces of js code) living in the existing javascript code to transform it into executable code. We have identified a DOM Clobbering vulnerability in Vite bundled scripts, particularly when the scripts dynamically import other scripts from the assets folder and the developer sets the build output format to `cjs`, `iife`, or `umd`. In such cases, Vite replaces relative paths starting with `__VITE_ASSET__` using the URL retrieved from `document.currentScript`. However, this implementation is vulnerable to a DOM Clobbering attack. The `document.currentScript` lookup can be shadowed by an attacker via the browser's named DOM tree element access mechanism. This manipulation allows an attacker to replace the intended script element with a malicious HTML element. When this happens, the src attribute of the attacker-controlled element is used as the URL for importing scripts, potentially leading to the dynamic loading of scripts from an attacker-controlled server. This vulnerability can result in cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks on websites that include Vite-bundled files (configured with an output format of `cjs`, `iife`, or `umd`) and allow users to inject certain scriptless HTML tags without properly sanitizing the name or id attributes. This issue has been patched in versions 5.4.6, 5.3.6, 5.2.14, 4.5.5, and 3.2.11. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-18 13:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vitejs vite Affected: >= 5.4.0, < 5.4.6
Affected: >= 5.3.0, < 5.3.6
Affected: >= 5.0.0, < 5.2.14
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.5.5
Affected: < 3.2.11
Create a notification for this product.
vitejs vite Affected: 5.4.0 , < 5.4.6 (custom)
Affected: 5.3.0 , < 5.3.6 (custom)
Affected: 5.0.0 , < 5.2.14 (custom)
Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.5.5 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < 3.2.11 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:vitejs:vite:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45803 (GCVE-0-2024-45803)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-17 18:22 – Updated: 2024-09-18 14:12
VLAI
Title
Cross site scripting (XSS) Vulnerability on route /wireui/button?label=Content in wireui
Summary
Wire UI is a library of components and resources to empower Laravel and Livewire application development. A potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the `/wireui/button` endpoint, specifically through the `label` query parameter. Malicious actors could exploit this vulnerability by injecting JavaScript into the `label` parameter, leading to the execution of arbitrary code in the victim's browser. The `/wireui/button` endpoint dynamically renders button labels based on user-provided input via the `label` query parameter. Due to insufficient sanitization or escaping of this input, an attacker can inject malicious JavaScript. By crafting such a request, an attacker can inject arbitrary code that will be executed by the browser when the endpoint is accessed. If exploited, this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the affected website. This could lead to: **Session Hijacking**: Stealing session cookies, tokens, or other sensitive information. **User Impersonation**: Performing unauthorized actions on behalf of authenticated users. **Phishing**: Redirecting users to malicious websites. **Content Manipulation**: Altering the appearance or behavior of the affected page to mislead users or execute further attacks. The severity of this vulnerability depends on the context of where the affected component is used, but in all cases, it poses a significant risk to user security. This issue has been addressed in release versions 1.19.3 and 2.1.3. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-18 14:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wireui wireui Affected: < 1.19.3
Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.3
Create a notification for this product.
wireui wireui Affected: 0 , < 1.19.3 (custom)
Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.1.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:wireui:wireui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45800 (GCVE-0-2024-45800)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-16 19:35 – Updated: 2024-09-16 19:56
VLAI
Title
Multiple mXSS found in snappymail HTML parser
Summary
Snappymail is an open source web-based email client. SnappyMail uses the `cleanHtml()` function to cleanup HTML and CSS in emails. Research discovered that the function has a few bugs which cause an mXSS exploit. Because the function allowed too many (invalid) HTML elements, it was possible (with incorrect markup) to trick the browser to "fix" the broken markup into valid markup. As a result a motivated attacker may be able to inject javascript. However, due to the default Content Security Policy the impact of the exploit is minimal. It could be possible to create an attack which leaks some data when loading images through the proxy. This way it might be possible to use the proxy to attack the local system, like with `http://localhost:5000/leak`. Another attack could be to load a JavaScript attachment of the email. This is very tricky as the email must link to every possible UID as each email has a unique UID which has a value between 1 and 18446744073709551615 **v2.38.0** and up now remove unsupported HTML elements which mitigates the issue. Users are advised to upgrade. Older versions can install an extension named "Security mXSS" as a mitigation. This will be available at the administration area at `/?admin#/packages`. **NOTE:** this extension can not "fix" malicious code in encrypted messages or (html) attachments as it can't manipulate the JavaScript code for this. It only protects normal message HTML.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-16 19:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
the-djmaze snappymail Affected: < 2.38.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45799 (GCVE-0-2024-45799)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-16 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-16 20:02
VLAI
Title
Javascript Injection in Vending Info/Buyers Info Module in FluxCP
Summary
FluxCP is a web-based Control Panel for rAthena servers written in PHP. A javascript injection is possible via venders/buyers list pages and shop names, that are currently not sanitized. This allows executing arbitrary javascript code on the user's browser just by visiting the shop pages. As a result all logged in to fluxcp users can have their session info stolen. This issue has been addressed in release version 1.3. All users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-16 20:01 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rathena FluxCP Affected: < 1.3
Create a notification for this product.
rathena fluxcp Affected: 1.3
    cpe:2.3:a:rathena:fluxcp:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45793 (GCVE-0-2024-45793)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-20 19:07 – Updated: 2024-09-20 19:54
VLAI
Title
Cross-site Scripting from in Confidant API call
Summary
Confidant is a open source secret management service that provides user-friendly storage and access to secrets. The following endpoints are subject to a cross site scripting vulnerability: GET /v1/credentials, GET /v1/credentials/, GET /v1/archive/credentials/, GET /v1/archive/credentials, POST /v1/credentials, PUT /v1/credentials/, PUT /v1/credentials//<to_revision>, GET /v1/services, GET /v1/services/, GET /v1/archive/services/, GET /v1/archive/services, PUT /v1/services/, PUT /v1/services//<to_revision>. The attacker needs to be authenticated and have privileges to create new credentials, but could use this to show information and run scripts to other users into the same Confidant instance. This issue has been patched in version 6.6.2. All users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-20 19:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
lyft confidant Affected: < 6.6.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45741 (GCVE-0-2024-45741)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-14 17:03 – Updated: 2025-02-28 11:04
VLAI
Title
Persistent Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via props.conf on Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 9.2.3 and 9.1.6 and Splunk Cloud Platform versions below 9.2.2403.108 and 9.1.2312.205, a low-privileged user that does not hold the "admin" or "power" Splunk roles could create a malicious payload through a custom configuration file that the "api.uri" parameter from the "/manager/search/apps/local" endpoint in Splunk Web calls. This could result in execution of unauthorized JavaScript code in the browser of a user.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-15 17:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - The software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 9.2 , < 9.2.3 (custom)
Affected: 9.1 , < 9.1.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Splunk Splunk Cloud Platform Affected: 9.2.2403 , < 9.2.2403.108 (custom)
Affected: 9.1.2312 , < 9.1.2312.205 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
splunk splunk_enterprise Affected: 9.2 , < 9.2.3 (custom)
Affected: 9.1 , < 9.1.6 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:splunk_enterprise:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
splunk splunk_cloud_platform Affected: 9.2.2403 , < 9.2.2403.108 (custom)
Affected: 9.1.2312 , < 9.1.2312.205 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:splunk_cloud_platform:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-10-14 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45740 (GCVE-0-2024-45740)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-14 17:03 – Updated: 2025-02-28 11:03
VLAI
Title
Persistent Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) through Scheduled Views on Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 9.2.3 and 9.1.6 and Splunk Cloud Platform versions below 9.2.2403, a low-privileged user that does not hold the "admin" or "power" Splunk roles could craft a malicious payload through Scheduled Views that could result in execution of unauthorized JavaScript code in the browser of a user.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-15 17:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - The software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 9.2 , < 9.2.3 (custom)
Affected: 9.1 , < 9.1.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Splunk Splunk Cloud Platform Affected: 9.2.2403 , < 9.2.2403.100 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-10-14 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45717 (GCVE-0-2024-45717)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-04 07:05 – Updated: 2024-12-06 04:55
VLAI
Title
SolarWinds Platform Cross- Site Scripting Vulnerability
Summary
The SolarWinds Platform was susceptible to a XSS vulnerability that affects the search and node information section of the user interface. This vulnerability requires authentication and requires user interaction.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-05 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SolarWinds SolarWinds Platform Affected: SolarWinds Platform 2024.4 and prior versions
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-12-04 08:24
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-45715 (GCVE-0-2024-45715)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-16 07:17 – Updated: 2024-10-16 13:27
VLAI
Title
SolarWinds Platform Edit Function Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability
Summary
The SolarWinds Platform was susceptible to a Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability when performing an edit function to existing elements.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-16 13:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SolarWinds SolarWinds Platform Affected: SolarWinds Platform 2024.2.1 and previous versions
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
Mitigation
Implementation Architecture and Design
  • Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
  • For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
  • Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
  • etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
  • Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
  • HTML body
  • Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
  • URIs
  • JavaScript sections
  • Cascading Style Sheets and style property
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.

Mitigation MIT-30.1
Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

  • Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
  • The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation MIT-43
Implementation

With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.

Mitigation MIT-31
Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
  • Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing XSS, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent XSS, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, in a chat application, the heart emoticon ("<3") would likely pass the validation step, since it is commonly used. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the web page because it contains the "<" character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the "<" might reduce the risk of XSS, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the emoticon would not be recorded. This might seem to be a minor inconvenience, but it would be more important in a mathematical forum that wants to represent inequalities.
  • Even if you make a mistake in your validation (such as forgetting one out of 100 input fields), appropriate encoding is still likely to protect you from injection-based attacks. As long as it is not done in isolation, input validation is still a useful technique, since it may significantly reduce your attack surface, allow you to detect some attacks, and provide other security benefits that proper encoding does not address.
  • Ensure that you perform input validation at well-defined interfaces within the application. This will help protect the application even if a component is reused or moved elsewhere.
Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-209: XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch

An adversary creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. The adversary tricks the victim into accessing a URL that responds with the script file. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of its content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the adversary's script may run on the target unsanitized, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.

CAPEC-588: DOM-Based XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is inserted into the client-side HTML being parsed by a web browser. Content served by a vulnerable web application includes script code used to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). This script code either does not properly validate input, or does not perform proper output encoding, thus creating an opportunity for an adversary to inject a malicious script launch a XSS attack. A key distinction between other XSS attacks and DOM-based attacks is that in other XSS attacks, the malicious script runs when the vulnerable web page is initially loaded, while a DOM-based attack executes sometime after the page loads. Another distinction of DOM-based attacks is that in some cases, the malicious script is never sent to the vulnerable web server at all. An attack like this is guaranteed to bypass any server-side filtering attempts to protect users.

CAPEC-591: Reflected XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is "reflected" off a vulnerable web application and then executed by a victim's browser. The process starts with an adversary delivering a malicious script to a victim and convincing the victim to send the script to the vulnerable web application.

CAPEC-592: Stored XSS

An adversary utilizes a form of Cross-site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is persistently "stored" within the data storage of a vulnerable web application as valid input.

CAPEC-63: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

An adversary embeds malicious scripts in content that will be served to web browsers. The goal of the attack is for the target software, the client-side browser, to execute the script with the users' privilege level. An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute code and scripts. Web browsers, for example, have some simple security controls in place, but if a remote attacker is allowed to execute scripts (through injecting them in to user-generated content like bulletin boards) then these controls may be bypassed. Further, these attacks are very difficult for an end user to detect.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.